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JavaScript Operators
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Javascript operators are used to perform different types of mathematical and logical
computations.

Examples:

The Assignment Operator = assigns values

The Addition Operator + adds values

The Multiplication Operator * multiplies values

The Comparison Operator > compares values

JavaScript Assignment
The Assignment Operator ( = ) assigns a value to a variable:

Assignment Examples
let x = 10;
 Try it Yourself
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 //
HTML CSS the
Assign JAVASCRIPT
value 5 toSQL
x PYTHON JAVA PHP HOW TO W3.CSS C
let x = 5;
// Assign the value 2 to y
let y = 2;
// Assign the value x + y to z:
let z = x + y;

Try it Yourself »

JavaScript Addition
The Addition Operator ( + ) adds numbers:

Adding
let x = 5;
let y = 2;
let z = x + y;

Try it Yourself »

JavaScript Multiplication
The Multiplication Operator ( * ) multiplies numbers:

Multiplying
let x = 5;
let y = 2;
let z = x * y;

Try it Yourself »
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Operators
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There are different types of JavaScript operators:

Arithmetic Operators
Assignment Operators
Comparison Operators
String Operators
Logical Operators
Bitwise Operators
Ternary Operators
Type Operators

JavaScript Arithmetic Operators

Arithmetic Operators are used to perform arithmetic on numbers:

Arithmetic Operators Example

let a = 3;
let x = (100 + 50) * a;

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Operator Description

+ Addition

- Subtraction

* Multiplication

** Exponentiation (ES2016)

/ Division

% Modulus (Division Remainder)

++ Increment
 --
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Note
Arithmetic operators are fully described in the JS Arithmetic chapter.

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JavaScript Assignment Operators

Assignment operators assign values to JavaScript variables.

The Addition Assignment Operator ( += ) adds a value to a variable.

Assignment
let x = 10;
x += 5;

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Operator Example Same As

= x=y x=y

+= x += y x=x+y

-= x -= y x=x-y

*= x *= y x=x*y

/= x /= y x=x/y

%= x %= y x=x%y

**= x **= y x = x ** y
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Assignment operators are fully described in the JS Assignment chapter.

JavaScript Comparison Operators

Operator Description

== equal to

=== equal value and equal type

!= not equal

!== not equal value or not equal type

> greater than

< less than

>= greater than or equal to

<= less than or equal to

? ternary operator

Note
Comparison operators are fully described in the JS Comparisons chapter.

JavaScript String Comparison

All the comparison operators above can also be used on strings:

Example
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let text1 = "A";
let text2 = "B";
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 let result = text1 < text2;

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Try it Yourself »

Note that strings are compared alphabetically:

Example

let text1 = "20";

let text2 = "5";
let result = text1 < text2;

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JavaScript String Addition

The + can also be used to add (concatenate) strings:

Example

let text1 = "John";

let text2 = "Doe";
let text3 = text1 + " " + text2;

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The += assignment operator can also be used to add (concatenate) strings:

Example
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let text1 = "What a very ";
text1 += "nice day";
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The result of text1 will be:

What a very nice day

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Note
When used on strings, the + operator is called the concatenation operator.

Adding Strings and Numbers

Adding two numbers, will return the sum as a number like 5 + 5 = 10.

Adding a number and a string, will return the sum as a concatenated string like 5 + "5" = "55".

Example

let x = 5 + 5;
let y = "5" + 5;
let z = "Hello" + 5;

The result of x, y, and z will be:

10
55
Hello5

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If you addCSSa number

HTML JAVASCRIPT SQL
and a string, the PYTHON
result will JAVA
be a string! PHP HOW TO W3.CSS C

JavaScript Logical Operators

Operator Description

&& logical and

|| logical or

! logical not

Note
Logical operators are fully described in the JS Comparisons chapter.

JavaScript Type Operators

Operator Description

typeof Returns the type of a variable

instanceof Returns true if an object is an instance of an object type

Note
Type operators are fully described in the JS Type Conversion chapter.

JavaScript Bitwise Operators

 Bit operators work on 32 bits numbers.
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Any numeric operand in the operation is converted into a 32 bit number. The result is converted

HTML
back to aCSS JAVASCRIPT
JavaScript number. SQL PYTHON JAVA PHP HOW TO W3.CSS C

Operator Description Example Same as Result Decimal

& AND 5&1 0101 & 0001 0001 1

| OR 5|1 0101 | 0001 0101 5

~ NOT ~5 ~0101 1010 10

^ XOR 5^1 0101 ^ 0001 0100 4

<< left shift 5 << 1 0101 << 1 1010 10

>> right shift 5 >> 1 0101 >> 1 0010 2

>>> unsigned right shift 5 >>> 1 0101 >>> 1 0010 2

The examples above uses 4 bits unsigned examples. But JavaScript uses 32-bit signed numbers.
Because of this, in JavaScript, ~ 5 will not return 10. It will return -6.
~00000000000000000000000000000101 will return 11111111111111111111111111111010

Bitwise operators are fully described in the JS Bitwise chapter.

?
Exercise
Consider the following code:
let x = 5;
let y = '8';
let z = x + y;

What will be the result of z ?

undefined

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