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Expanding Brackets and Simplifying Terms

The document explains the process of expanding brackets and simplifying expressions by collecting like terms, emphasizing the importance of variable indices and sign changes when negative terms are involved. It provides examples to illustrate these concepts, including how to handle operations with both positive and negative signs. Additionally, it notes that the order of variables as coefficients should be in alphabetical order and outlines steps for determining the signs of collected terms.

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lama agsam
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58 views2 pages

Expanding Brackets and Simplifying Terms

The document explains the process of expanding brackets and simplifying expressions by collecting like terms, emphasizing the importance of variable indices and sign changes when negative terms are involved. It provides examples to illustrate these concepts, including how to handle operations with both positive and negative signs. Additionally, it notes that the order of variables as coefficients should be in alphabetical order and outlines steps for determining the signs of collected terms.

Uploaded by

lama agsam
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

1/12/11 Expanding Brackets

• To expand brackets, multiply each term inside the brackets


by the term directly in front of the brackets.

• Simplifying an expression means collecting like terms. A


squared variable is not considered a like term of the same
variable if the variable isn't also squared, etc. E.g: 𝜂 is not a like
term of 𝜂²; 𝜂² not of 𝜂³, etc.
• When simplifying a set with two indexed variables, the index
should not change.

• If the term that is used to expand the brackets has a minus sign
before it, we treat it like a negative number. This also has an
effect on the operation sign inside the brackets, where if the sign
is (+), it is switched to (-). If the sign is (-), it is changed to (+).

– 2(3x + 5c) - 4(6c + 7x). 


First section: 6x + 10c.
Second: (-4) × 6c = (-24c) - (-4) × 7x = (-28x)
So, 6x + 10c - 24c - 28x = 22x + 14c.

• If the term outside has the same variable as a term inside, the
variables' indexes are added. E.g: every number has an index of
one that is not written, and we have to add those, so if x(x + 2)
then x² + 2x, and so on.
• The order of variables as coefficients doesn't affect the product,
but it proper to write them in alphabetical order.

• To determine the sign of the operation in a simplified


expression:

(a) Multiply out the brackets. Remember that if an outside number


has a minus sign in front of it, we treat it like a negative number
and we switch the operation sign in the brackets (addition or
subtraction only) to its opposite.

(b) Collect like terms. How we collect the terms depends on the
operation sign in front of each like term: If both signs are (+), we
add. If both signs are (-), we subtract. If they're different, we find
the difference between the terms and put the sign of the bigger
number in front.
(c) The sign of the collected terms will determine the operation
sign at the end.

– 3(5x + 6) - 6(2 - 3x).


First section: 15x + 18.
Second: (-6) × 2n = -12 [switch sign] + (-6) × 3x = -18x
Collect: + 15x - 18x = -3x.
+ 18 - 12 = +6.
Simplified: 3x + 6.

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