Laboratory Experiment 6 - Analog To Digital
Laboratory Experiment 6 - Analog To Digital
Laboratory Experiment 6 - Analog To Digital
(ADC or A/D Converter) using: 1) a two-bit flash (parallel) converter; 2) a four-bit counter (servo) type converter, and 3) a monolithic ADC chip (ADC0804). After designing the circuit configurations determine which gives better performance, speed, cost effectiveness, etc. Pre-laboratory Design: The pre-laboratory design consists of a preliminary design with values calculated using equations found in the ADC Design Notes and the literature. Simulations (MultiSim) for each of the three configurations are required prior to prototyping the circuits. Part 1: Flash A/D Converter The first part of this experiment deals with using a flash (parallel) analog to digital converter to illuminate two LEDs in a manner that corresponds to the value of the analog input. Figure 1 shows the elements of the flash A/D converter.
Implement the comparators with the LM339 Comparators, not a LM741, because the LM741 does not have a rail-to-rail output. The LM339 also has an open-collector output with means it cannot source current directly and therefore requires a pull-up resistor ( like 1 to 10k resistors connected from the LM339 output to the supply rail). The code converter will consist of logic gates that convert the inputs A, B, and C to true binary outputs X and Y. Create a logic table for the code converter and then implement with NAND logic gates. Note that NOT gates can be created by tying the
input pins of the NAND gate together and having a single input applied to them. Try to use as little real estate (chips, resistors, space, etc.) as possible.
Laboratory Measurements/Calculations: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Calibration Curve: Digital Outputs vs. Analog Inputs. Find the Conversion Gain Linearity: Find linear regression line for calibration curve. Resolution: Bit resolution (mV). Zero Offset: The digital output when analog input is set to zero. Step Size: Analog input voltage required to change the digital output one bit.
Part 2: Counter (servo) Type Converter The next part of this experiment incorporates a four-bit UP/DOWN counter in a analog to digital converter. Figure 2 shows the configuration for this converter.
When implementing this circuit, R should be at least 10k to limit the current sourced from the CD4050 Buffer device. Also LEDs can be connected to the four bit digital outputs from the five volt power supplies (+Vs) through current limiting resistors (limit current to around 4mA). Note also that the LM339 supply voltage should be higher than the supply voltages of the other chips (greater than 5V) because it does not work with rail-to-rail inputs. The input voltage, Vin, can be supplied from a function generator that
can provide precisely settable DC voltages. Use another function generator to supply the clock input for the 74L191. Make sure to offset the signal appropriately. Eliminate ground loops.
Laboratory Measurements/Calculations: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Calibration Curve: Digital Outputs vs. Analog Inputs. Find the Conversion Gain Linearity: Find linear regression line for calibration curve. Resolution: Bit resolution (mV). Zero Offset: The digital output when analog input is set to zero. Step Size: Analog input voltage required to change the digital output one bit.
Part 3: Monolithic A/D Converter Chip The final part of this experiment is to use a commercially available monolithic A/D converter chip to produce 8-bit analog to digital conversion. Refer to the ADC0804 specification sheet for performance parameters and design details. Connect the A/D chip to LED indicators that will represent the most significant outputs bits.
R9
10k
VCC
5V
C1
150pF
1 CS/
U1
Vcc 20
RD/
CLKR
19
DGND
DGND
3 WR/ DB0 18
R1
1.2k
LED1 R2
1.2k
CLK
DB1
17
StartConversion
INTR/
DB2
16
R3
1.2k
Analog Input
Vin C2
0.1F
Vin+
DB3
15
R4
1.2k
Vin-
DB4
14
R5
1.2k
AGND
DB5
13
R6
1.2k
Vref / 2
2.5V
Vref/2
DB6
12
R7
1.2k
10
C3
0.1F
DGND
DB7
11
R8
1.2k
ADC0804
C4
10F
DGND
BIEN4390 - Biomedical Instrumentation Design Laboratory Monolithic Successive Approximation A/D Converter
DGND
Laboratory Measurements/Calculations: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Calibration Curve: Digital Outputs vs. Analog Inputs (for 3 MSB). Find the Conversion Gain Linearity: Find linear regression line for calibration curve. Resolution: Bit resolution (mV). Zero Offset: The digital output when analog input is set to zero. Step Size: Analog input voltage required to change the digital output one bit.