UNIT I

Program 1: Arithmetic Operations on Two Integers

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

int main() {

int a, b;

cout << "Enter two integers: ";

cin >> a >> b;

cout << "Sum: " << a + b << endl;

cout << "Diff: " << a - b << endl;

cout << "Prod: " << a * b << endl;

cout << "Quot: " << a / b << endl;

return 0;

Short Explanation: Takes two integers and performs +, −, ×, ÷ operations.

Program 2: Swap Two Numbers Using Third Variable

#include <iostream>

using namespace std

int main() {

int x, y, t;

cout << "Enter two numbers: ";

cin >> x >> y;

t = x;

x = y;

y = t;

cout << "After swap: x = " << x << ", y = " << y << endl;

return 0;

Short Explanation: Uses temp t to swap values of x and y.

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

int main() {

int x, y;

cout << "Enter two numbers: ";

cin >> x >> y;

x = x + y;

y = x - y;

x = x - y;

cout << "After swap: x = " << x << ", y = " << y << endl;

return 0;

Short Explanation: Uses addition-subtraction to swap.

Program 3B: Swap Without Third Variable (Using Bit Manipulation)

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

int main() {

int x, y;

cout << "Enter two numbers: ";

cin >> x >> y;

x = x ^ y;

y = x ^ y;

x = x ^ y;

cout << "After swap: x = " << x << ", y = " << y << endl;

return 0;

Short Explanation: Uses XOR bitwise operations to swap.

Program 1: Find Odd or Even

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

int main() {

int number;

cout << "Enter a number: ";

cin >> number;

if (number % 2 == 0)

cout << "Even number" << endl;

else

cout << "Odd number" << endl;

return 0;

Program 2: Greatest Among Three Numbers

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

int main() {

int a, b, c;

cout << "Enter three numbers: ";

cin >> a >> b >> c;

if (a >= b && a >= c)

cout << "Greatest number is: " << a << endl;

else if (b >= a && b >= c)

cout << "Greatest number is: " << b << endl;

else

cout << "Greatest number is: " << c << endl;

return 0;

}
Program 3: Average of Three Subjects

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

int main() {

float s1, s2, s3;

cout << "Enter marks of 3 subjects: ";

cin >> s1 >> s2 >> s3;

float avg = (s1 + s2 + s3) / 3;

cout << "Average marks = " << avg << endl;

return 0;

Program 4: Print Numbers from 1 to 10

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

int main() {

for (int i = 1; i <= 10; i++) {

cout << i << " ";

cout << endl;

return 0;

}
Program 5: Print Numbers from 10 to 1

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

int main() {

for (int i = 10; i >= 1; i--) {

cout << i << " ";

cout << endl;

return 0;

Program 6: Print Odd and Even Numbers from 1 to 20

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

int main() {

cout << "Even numbers: ";

for (int i = 1; i <= 20; i++) {

if (i % 2 == 0)

cout << i << " ";

cout << "\nOdd numbers: ";

for (int i = 1; i <= 20; i++) {

if (i % 2 != 0)

cout << i << " ";

cout << endl;

return 0;

}
Program 7: Check if a Number is Prime

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

int main() {

int num, count = 0;

cout << "Enter a number: ";

cin >> num;

if (num <= 1) {

cout << "Not prime" << endl;

return 0;

for (int i = 2; i < num; i++) {

if (num % i == 0)

count++;

if (count == 0)

cout << "Prime number" << endl;

else

cout << "Not prime" << endl;

return 0;

}
Program 8: Check Armstrong Number (3-digit)

#include <iostream>

#include <cmath>

using namespace std;

int main() {

int num, sum = 0, temp, digit;

cout << "Enter a number: ";

cin >> num;

temp = num;

while (temp > 0) {

digit = temp % 10;

sum += digit * digit * digit;

temp /= 10;

if (sum == num)

cout << "Armstrong number" << endl;

else

cout << "Not an Armstrong number" << endl;

return 0;

}
Program 9: Factorial of a Number

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

int main() {

int num;

long long fact = 1;

cout << "Enter a number: ";

cin >> num;

for (int i = 1; i <= num; i++) {

fact *= i;

cout << "Factorial = " << fact << endl;

return 0;

Program 10: Fibonacci Series (First n terms)

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

int main() {

int n;

cout << "Enter number of terms: ";

cin >> n;

int a = 0, b = 1;

cout << "Fibonacci series: " << a << " " << b << " ";
 for (int i = 3; i <= n; i++) {

int c = a + b;

cout << c << " ";

a = b;

b = c;

cout << endl;

return 0;

Program 11: Separating Digits of a Number

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

int main() {

int num;

cout << "Enter a number: ";

cin >> num;

cout << "Digits: ";

while (num > 0) {

int digit = num % 10;

cout << digit << " ";

num /= 10;

cout << endl;

return 0;

}
Program 12: Sum of All Digits

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

int main() {

int num, sum = 0;

cout << "Enter a number: ";

cin >> num;

while (num > 0) {

sum += num % 10;

num /= 10;

cout << "Sum of digits = " << sum << endl;

return 0;

Program 13: Reverse of a Number

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

int main() {

int num, rev = 0;

cout << "Enter a number: ";

cin >> num;

while (num > 0) {

int digit = num % 10;

rev = rev * 10 + digit;

num /= 10;

cout << "Reversed number = " << rev << endl;

return 0;

}
Program 14: Check Perfect Number

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

int main() {

int num, sum = 0;

cout << "Enter a number: ";

cin >> num;

for (int i = 1; i < num; i++) {

if (num % i == 0)

sum += i;

if (sum == num)

cout << "Perfect number" << endl;

else

cout << "Not a perfect number" << endl;

return 0;

Program 15: Check Palindrome Number

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

int main() {

int num, temp, rev = 0;

cout << "Enter a number: ";

cin >> num;

while (temp > 0) {

int digit = temp % 10;

rev = rev * 10 + digit;

temp /= 10;

if (rev == num)

cout << "Palindrome number" << endl;

else

cout << "Not a palindrome number" << endl;

return 0;

Program 16: Print & Input Array Elements – Normal and Reverse

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

int main() {

int n;

cout << "Enter array size: ";

cin >> n;

int arr[n];

cout << "Enter " << n << " elements: ";

for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)

cin >> arr[i];

cout << "Array in order: ";

for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)

cout << "\nArray in reverse: ";

for (int i = n - 1; i >= 0; i--)

cout << arr[i] << " ";

cout << endl;

return 0;

Program 17: Matrix Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

int main() {

const int n = 2;

int A[n][n] = {{1, 2}, {3, 4}};

int B[n][n] = {{5, 6}, {7, 8}};

int sum[n][n], diff[n][n], prod[n][n];

cout << "Matrix A:\n";

for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {

for (int j = 0; j < n; j++)

cout << A[i][j] << " ";

cout << endl;

cout << "Matrix B:\n";

for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {

for (int j = 0; j < n; j++)

cout << B[i][j] << " ";

cout << "Addition:\n";

for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {

for (int j = 0; j < n; j++) {

sum[i][j] = A[i][j] + B[i][j];

cout << sum[i][j] << " ";

cout << endl;

cout << "Subtraction:\n";

for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {

for (int j = 0; j < n; j++) {

diff[i][j] = A[i][j] - B[i][j];

cout << diff[i][j] << " ";

cout << endl;

cout << "Multiplication:\n";

for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {

for (int j = 0; j < n; j++) {

prod[i][j] = 0;

for (int k = 0; k < n; k++)

prod[i][j] += A[i][k] * B[k][j];

cout << prod[i][j] << " ";

cout << endl;

}
 return 0;

Program 18: Check Palindrome String

#include <iostream>

#include <string>

using namespace std;

int main() {

string str, rev = "";

cout << "Enter a string: ";

cin >> str;

for (int i = [Link]() - 1; i >= 0; i--)

rev += str[i];

if (rev == str)

cout << "Palindrome string" << endl;

else

cout << "Not a palindrome string" << endl;

return 0;

}
Program 19: Print All Substrings of a String

#include <iostream>

#include <string>

using namespace std;

int main() {

string str;

cout << "Enter a string: ";

cin >> str;

cout << "Substrings:\n";

for (int i = 0; i < [Link](); i++) {

for (int j = 1; j <= [Link]() - i; j++) {

cout << [Link](i, j) << endl;

return 0;

Program 20: Add Two Strings (Concatenation)

#include <iostream>

#include <string>

using namespace std;

int main() {

string s1, s2;

cout << "Enter first string: ";

cin >> s1;

cout << "Enter second string: ";

cin >> s2;

string res = s1 + s2;

cout << "Concatenated string: " << res << endl;

return 0;

}
21. Create a structure named Student with members for name, roll number, marks in three
subjects. Write a program that takes input for multiple students' records and displays the average
marks for each student

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

struct Student {

string name;

int roll;

float marks[3];

};

int main() {

int n;

cout << "Enter number of students: ";

cin >> n;

Student s[n];

for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {

cout << "Enter name: ";

cin >> s[i].name;

cout << "Enter roll number: ";

cin >> s[i].roll;

cout << "Enter marks of 3 subjects: ";

for (int j = 0; j < 3; j++)

cin >> s[i].marks[j];

cout << "\nAverage marks:\n";

for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {

for (int j = 0; j < 3; j++)

total += s[i].marks[j];

float avg = total / 3;

cout << s[i].name << " (Roll " << s[i].roll << "): " << avg << endl;

return 0;