Gprs

General Packet
Radio Service
Circuit Switched vs. Packet Switched
Circuit Switched
Packet Switched
Limitations of Circuit Switched Data.

End to End connection required.
Reserved Bandwidth,which may result in wastage of bandwidth. Call charges as per time used.
Generation
Technology
1G
Analog
2G
GSM
2.5G
GPRS
3G
UMTS (W-CDMA)
Evolutionary Path From GSM to 3G
GSM(Global System for Mobile) -9.6kbit/s HSCSD(High Speed Circuit Switched Data) - 64kbit/s. GPRS(General Packet Radio Service) -speeds can reach up to 171.2kbit/s. EDGE(Enhanced Data for GSM Evolution) -speeds can reach up to 384kbit/s.
KEY DRIVERS TO EVOLVE TO

GPRS NETWORKS
Gain new subscribers who require mobile data services or do not want to invest in a PC to gain internet access. Retain current subscribers by offering new services.
Key User Features of GPRS.

Speed - 9 Kbps to a theoretical max 171.2 Kbps. Immediacy - Always On, reducing the time
spent in setting up connections.
Service Access - To use GPRS, the user needs:

A mobile phone that supports GPRS. Use of GPRS must be enabled for that user. Knowledge of how to send/receive GPRS information
using their specific model of the terminal. A destination to send/receive information - an internet address.
Key Network Features of GPRS.

Packet Switching - overlaying a packet-based
air interface on the existing circuit-switched GSM network.
Spectrum efficiency-packet switching means
that GPRS radio resources are used only when users are actually sending data.Rather than dedicating a radio channel to one user alone,the available radio resources can be concurrently shared between several users.This efficient use of scarce radio resources means that large number of GPRS users can potentially share the same bandwidth.
GPRS NETWORK.
BTS BSC
BTS:Base transceiver station. BSC:Base station controller.
Billing System Serving GPRS Support Node (SGSN)
Server Router
charging info flow

Charging Gateway (CG) Data network (Intranet)
Border Gateway (BG)
GPRS backbone network (IP based)
Ip network
dataflow
Gateway GPRS Support Node (GGSN) Gateway GPRS Support Node (GGSN)
Server
Router
Data network (Internet)
Serving GPRS Support Node

Functions
Authentication Compression Charging & statistics
Functions contd...
Ciphering
Plain Plain cypher
Encryption and Decryption Algorithm known.
text.
Encryption and Decryption Algorithm known.
text.
text.
keys
keys
Gateway GPRS Support Node

Functions
Essentially a router Interfaces to external IP networks Charging & statistics
Border gateway(BG) Firewall-security purpose for greater security-data can be encrypted. Charging gateway(CG)
Functions:
Collection of GPRS data records from GPRS

nodes Buffering Transfer of data records to mediation or billing systems
Billing system
SGSN &
GGSN
Charging gateway
Mediation& Billing
ARCHITECTURE
HLR
IP network
MSC/VLR BSS
MS
SGSN
Backbone
GGSN
SGSN
GGSN
X.25 network
Modes of Operation
Mobile station can operate in 3 different modes
Class A Class B
Class C
BSS(Base Station subsystem)

Consists of Base transceiver stations (BTS) and Base Station Controller(BSC).
SW upgrade in BTS
HW and SW upgrade in BSC
BTS
BSC
HLR(Home Location Register) Contains subscriber information. MSC(Mobile Services Switching Center)/VLR(Visiting Location Register) Contains subscriber information when mobile station roams to a routing area of new SGSN. IP network(connectionless) X.25 network(connection oriented)
GPRS Applications
Chat Textural and Visual Information Still Images Moving Images Web Browsing Document Sharing/Collaborative working Audio reports
Applications cont
Download Games Job Dispatch Internet Email Corporate Email Vehicle Positioning Home automation
GPRS Limitations
Speeds much lower than reality
Transit delays No Store and Forward
GPRS Challenges
GPRS Tariff Depends on quality of service where measure is delay or latency. More Charge for real time services(video conferencing). Less Charge web browsing. Very Less Charge for delay tolerant servicesEmail transfer.
GPRS Challenges cont

Difficulty in producing quality handsets to meet the standards.
Conclusion
GPRS paves the way for migration to 3G that will enable very high speed communication.
Thank You.

Gprs

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General Packet

Circuit Switched vs. Packet Switched

Limitations of Circuit Switched Data.

Evolutionary Path From GSM to 3G

KEY DRIVERS TO EVOLVE TO

Key User Features of GPRS.

Service Access - To use GPRS, the user needs:

Key Network Features of GPRS.

Spectrum efficiency-packet switching means

BTS:Base transceiver station. BSC:Base station controller.

Billing System Serving GPRS Support Node (SGSN)

charging info flow

Border Gateway (BG)

GPRS backbone network (IP based)

Serving GPRS Support Node

Gateway GPRS Support Node

Collection of GPRS data records from GPRS

BSS(Base Station subsystem)

HW and SW upgrade in BSC

GPRS Challenges cont

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