CPU Final
CPU Final
CPU Final
CONTENTS
Introduction of CPU Need of CPU Service cycle of CPU Regeneration process Case study Benefits Conclusion
2
INTRODUCTION
NEED OF CPU
The Condensate Polishing Unit removes 'CRUD' - corrosion products consisting mostly of oxide of iron, copper or nickel Dissolved Solids - mostly consisting of sodium, chloride and silica and Dissolved Gases-Carbon dioxide.
4
SOURCES 0F CONTAMINATION
1. Contamination from Make up water 2. Use of impure water for dosing system. 3. Use of impure dosing chemicals 4.Residues from Chemical Cleaning operation 5.Condenser tube leakage.
5
CPU DESCRIPTION
RSTPS 500MW each CPU having provision to utilize 50 % for condensate treatment
AUTO BYPASS allow BYPASSING of CPU at set pressure
From CEP
B Y P A S S
CPU-A
CPU-B
To deareator
the system.
H+ cycle duration is 6 to 7 days NH4+ cycle duration is 14 days
R- NR3Cl + H2O
R- NR3Cl + NH4OH
10
REGENRATION PROCESS
1. BACK WASH TO SEPARATE RESINS 2. INJECT ANION RESIN REGENERANT 3. RINSE ANION RESIN 4. INJECT CATION RESIN REGENERANT 5. RINSE CATION RESIN 6. DRAIN BED 7. AIR MIX THE RESINS 8. ALLOW BED TO SETTLE 9. REFILL UNIT 10.RINSE
12
REGENRATION PROCESS
SERVICE WATER IN ACID IN BACK WASH OUT NaOH IN
Anion resin
ACID OUT
MIXING AIR IN
ANION Regeneration level , g/l resin Regenerant concentration wt% Regeneration injection time , h Regeneration flow rate , BV/h Rinse time , h Rinse volume(BV) 64 4 0.5 3.2 0.5 5
Regenerant
NaOH
HCl
15
R-H + Na+
R-H + NH4+
R-Na + H+
R-NH4 + H+
AT ANION RESIN:
R-OH + Cl FINAL OUT PUT IS: H+ + OH H2O R-Cl + OH
16
R-NH4 + Na+
AT ANION RESIN: R-OH + Cl FINAL OUT PUT IS: NH4+ + OH
R-Na +NH4+
R-Cl + OH
NH4OH
SO WE OBSERVE IN AMMONIUM CYCLE THERE IS A RISE IN pH. ALONG WITH RISE IN p H CHLORIDE IS LEAKIG. SO WE CAN NOT GET THROUGHPUT IN AMMONIUM CYCLE WHERE AS DESIGNED THROUGHPUT IS 226800M3 .
17
18
ACCORDING TO CHEMICAL KINETICS RATE OF THE REACTIN IS PROPORTIONAL TO THE CONCENTRATION OF RECTANTS.
FOR CONTROLLING CHLORIDES RATE OF FORWARD REACTION SHOULD BE LOW. THAT MEANS WE HAVE TO DECREASE NH4OH , R-Cl CONCENTRATIONS.
THIS IS NOTHING BUT REGENERATION OF ANION AND CATION RESIN AND THIS IS THE ONLY PRACTICE.
19
THIS IS THEREACTION RESPONSIBLE TRAPING THE CHLORIDES IN RESINE. FOR CONTROLLING CHLORIDES RATE OF THIS REACTION SHOULD BE HIGH. THAT MEANS WE HAVE TO INCREASE NH4Cl , R-OH CONCENTRATIONS.BUT IT IS NOT POSSIBLE. ACCORDING TO CHEMICAL KINETICS RATE OF THE REACTIN IS DEPEND UP ON THE NATURE OF RECTANTS ALSO.
SO WE HAVE TO UPGRADE THE ANION RESIN IN SUCH AWAY THAT ANION RESIN SHOULD TRAP THE CHLORIDES.
20
BENEFITS
1. REDUCTION IN CBD HOURS&MAKE UP 2. CONTROL IN DRUM PRESSURE RESTRICTION 3. CHEMICAL CONTROL DURING STARTUP IS VERY EFFECTIVE 4. ORDERLY SHUTDOWN POSSIBLE IN CASE OF CONDENSOR TUBE LEAK CONDITION 5. IMROVEMENT IN QUALITY OF STEAM WHICH RESULT IN ENHANCED TURBINE LIFE 6. IMPROVEMENT IN BOILER WATER QUALITY FOR DRUM TYPE BOILERS 7. QUICK STARTUP AND AS RESULT,FULL LOAD CONDITIONS ARE REACHED EARLY GIVING ECONIMIC BENEFITS
21
CONCLUSION
Condensate polishing is a proven method of maintaining the purity in the steam/water circuits. It protects against condenser leakages , removes traces of ionic impurities & crud from condensate before it is recycled to boiler. It reduces CBD hours and save water
22
23