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    Networking OSI

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    KOMERTDFDF
    The document discusses the 7-layer OSI model, which is a theoretical model for how networks operate rather than a specific technology or protocol. It describes the function of each layer, from the physical layer (layer 1) which conveys bit streams through cables and cards, to the application layer (layer 7) which supports application processes like web browsing and email. The layers in between include the data link, network, transport, session, and presentation layers, which handle functions like data encapsulation, error checking, routing, and data formatting between networks and applications.

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    Networking OSI

    Uploaded by

    KOMERTDFDF
    49 views19 pages
    The document discusses the 7-layer OSI model, which is a theoretical model for how networks operate rather than a specific technology or protocol. It describes the function of each layer, from the physical layer (layer 1) which conveys bit streams through cables and cards, to the application layer (layer 7) which supports application processes like web browsing and email. The layers in between include the data link, network, transport, session, and presentation layers, which handle functions like data encapsulation, error checking, routing, and data formatting between networks and applications.

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    The document discusses the 7-layer OSI model, which is a theoretical model for how networks operate rather than a specific technology or protocol. It describes the function of each layer, from the physical layer (layer 1) which conveys bit streams through cables and cards, to the application layer (layer 7) which supports application processes like web browsing and email. The layers in between include the data link, network, transport, session, and presentation layers, which handle functions like data encapsulation, error checking, routing, and data formatting between networks and applications.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    49 views19 pages

    Networking OSI

    Uploaded by

    KOMERTDFDF
    The document discusses the 7-layer OSI model, which is a theoretical model for how networks operate rather than a specific technology or protocol. It describes the function of each layer, from the physical layer (layer 1) which conveys bit streams through cables and cards, to the application layer (layer 7) which supports application processes like web browsing and email. The layers in between include the data link, network, transport, session, and presentation layers, which handle functions like data encapsulation, error checking, routing, and data formatting between networks and applications.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 19

    Networking

    U2M3 Lecture 3 Protocols - OSI model

    Objectives
    List the OSI model layers Explain the function of each layer Identify what operation belongs in each layer

    Open Systems Interconnection model

    The OSI Model


    is a theoretical model is not a technology. is not a protocol. is not a program or software.

    OSI Model
    OSI is a theoretical seven-layered model of
    how networks work . The service each layer provides to its upper layer and the services it receives from the layer below. the messages transmitted between any two points in a telecommunication network.

    OSI layers
    Application (Layer 7) Presentation (Layer 6) Session (Layer 5) Transport (Layer 4) Network (Layer 3) Data Link (Layer 2) Physical (Layer 1) All People Seem To Need Data Processing Please Do Not Through Sausage Pizza Away

    OSI layers
    These layers are in two groups.
    HOST layers -The upper four layers (7-4) are used whenever a message passes from or to a user. MEDIA Layers- The lower three layers (1-3) are used when any message passes through the host computer.

    Messages intended for this computer pass to the upper layers. Messages destined for some other host are not passed up to the upper layers but are forwarded to another host.

    OSI model - analogy

    E N C A P S U L A T I O N

    D E C A P S U L A T I O N

    Physical (Layer 1)
    This layer conveys the bit stream
    electrical impulse, light or radio signal -- through the network at the electrical and mechanical level.

    It provides the hardware means of


    sending and receiving data on a carrier,

    including defining
    cables, cards and physical aspects.

    Data Link (Layer 2)


    At this layer, data packets are encoded and decoded into bits. It furnishes transmission protocol knowledge and management and handles
    errors in the physical layer, flow control and frame synchronization.

    Data Link (Layer 2)


    The data link layer is divided into two sub layers:
    The Media Access Control (MAC) layer - which controls how a host gains
    access to the data permission to transmit it.

    the Logical Link Control (LLC) layer.


    controls frame-synchronization, flow control and error checking.

    Network (Layer 3)
    This layer provides switching and routing technologies, for transmitting data from node to node Functions of this layer creating logical paths, known as virtual circuits,. routing forwarding addressing, inter-networking, error handling, congestion control and packet sequencing.

    Transport (Layer 4)
    This layer provides transparent transfer of data between end systems, or hosts. It ensures complete data transfer. Responsible for end-to-end
    error recovery and flow control.

    Session (Layer 5)
    This layer establishes, manages and terminates connections between applications. It deals with session and connection coordination. Function
    sets up, coordinates, and terminates conversations, exchanges, and dialogues between the applications at each end.

    Presentation (Layer 6)
    This layer provides independence from differences in data representation (e.g., encryption) by translating from application to network format, and vice versa. It is sometimes called the syntax layer. Function
    provides freedom from compatibility problems of data to be sent across a network. transform data into the form that the application layer can accept.
    formats - code, compress encrypts decrypts,

    Application (Layer 7)
    This layer supports application and end-user processes. Software that need to communicate. Everything at this layer is application-specific. Separates Data into protocol data units (PDU ) Examples
    file transfers, Web browser Print Server Software e-mail Telnet FTP

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