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    Limbic System

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    Drone0001
    The limbic system is a set of brain structures involved in emotion processing and memory formation. It includes the amygdala, hippocampus, cingulate gyrus, hypothalamus, and related structures. The amygdala plays a key role in processing emotions and relating environmental stimuli to behavioral and physiological responses important for survival. The hippocampus is important for memory formation, especially related to emotional events. Damage to limbic structures like the amygdala and hippocampus can impact emotions, memory, and behaviors.

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    Limbic System

    Uploaded by

    Drone0001
    133 views14 pages
    The limbic system is a set of brain structures involved in emotion processing and memory formation. It includes the amygdala, hippocampus, cingulate gyrus, hypothalamus, and related structures. The amygdala plays a key role in processing emotions and relating environmental stimuli to behavioral and physiological responses important for survival. The hippocampus is important for memory formation, especially related to emotional events. Damage to limbic structures like the amygdala and hippocampus can impact emotions, memory, and behaviors.

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    limbic system as the seat of emotions

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    The limbic system is a set of brain structures involved in emotion processing and memory formation. It includes the amygdala, hippocampus, cingulate gyrus, hypothalamus, and related structures. The amygdala plays a key role in processing emotions and relating environmental stimuli to behavioral and physiological responses important for survival. The hippocampus is important for memory formation, especially related to emotional events. Damage to limbic structures like the amygdala and hippocampus can impact emotions, memory, and behaviors.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    133 views14 pages

    Limbic System

    Uploaded by

    Drone0001
    The limbic system is a set of brain structures involved in emotion processing and memory formation. It includes the amygdala, hippocampus, cingulate gyrus, hypothalamus, and related structures. The amygdala plays a key role in processing emotions and relating environmental stimuli to behavioral and physiological responses important for survival. The hippocampus is important for memory formation, especially related to emotional events. Damage to limbic structures like the amygdala and hippocampus can impact emotions, memory, and behaviors.

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    of 14

    LIMBIC SYSTEM

    History
    Paul Broca (1824-1880): 1878: le grand lobe limbique Refers to a ring of gray matter on the medial aspect of the cerebral hemispheres. James Papez (1883-1958): 1930s: defined a limbic system that might underlie the relationship between emotion and memory (Papez circuit).

    Components
    Amygdaloid body Hippocampus (seahorse) Cingulate gyus Parahippocampal gyrus Hypothalamus Mamillary bodies Anterior nucleus of thalamus

    Functions

    Emotional brain Emotional and motivational aspects of behavior. Provides emotional component to learning process:
    Especially the amygdala.

    Associated with memory


    Especially the hippocampus.

    Associated with pain/pleasure, rage

    Amygdala
    Large nuclear group in temporal lobe. Afferents:

    Olfactory tract Solitary nucleus Parabrachial nucleus Limbic neocortex:


    Cingulate gyrus Parahippocampal gyrus

    Amygdala Connections
    Cerebral cortex Olfactory system Thalamus Brainstem reticular formation Stria terminalis Hypothalamus

    AMYGDALA

    Ventral Amygdalofugal fibers

    Regions of the Amygdala

    Large basolateral region:


    Provides direct input to basal ganglia and motor system.

    Small corticomedial group of nuclei:


    Related to olfactory cortex.

    Medial and central nuclei:


    Connected to hypothalamus.

    Amygdala Inputs
    Olfactory System

    AMYGDALA
    Corticomedial Nuclear Group Basolateral Nuclear Group Central Nucleus

    Temporal Lobe (associated with visual, auditory, tactile senses)

    Brainstem (viscerosensory relay Nuclei: solitary nucleus and parbrachial nucleus)

    Ventral Amygdalofugal Fibers

    Amygdala Outputs
    Stria Terminalis

    AMYGDALA
    Corticomedial Nuclear Group Basolateral Nuclear Group Central Nucleus

    Septal Nuclei Hypothalamus

    Dorsal Medial Thalamic Nucleus Nucleus Accumbens Hypothalamus

    Nuclei of ANS
    Ventral Amygdalofugal Fibers

    Ventral Amygdalofugal Fibers

    Functions of the Amygdala


    Relate environmental stimuli to coordinated behavioral autonomic and endocrine responses seen in speciespreservation. Responses include:
    Feeding and drinking Agnostic (fighting) behavior Mating and maternal care Responses to physical or emotional stresses.

    Limbic System and Basal Nuclei


    Anterior Cingulate Gyrus Orbitofrontal Areas (10, 11)

    Medial and lateral temporal lobe Hippocampus Amygdala Entorhinal cortex (24)

    Ventral Striatum (nucleus accumbens) Caudate Nucleus (head)

    Ventral Pallidum Medial Globus Pallidus Pars Reticularis (Substantia nigra)

    Ventral Anterior Nucleus Dorsomedial Nucleus

    Papez Circuit (Emotions)


    Fornix Mammillary bodies Other hypothalamic nuclei Septal nuclei Substantia innominata (Basal nucleus of Meynert) Hippocampal Formation (hippocampus and dentate gyrus) Mammillothalamic tract

    Neocortex

    Anterior Thalamic nuclear group

    Parahippocampal Gyrus

    Cortex of Cingulate Gyrus

    Pathologies (lesions)
    Voracious appetite Increased (perverse) sexual activity Docility:

    Loss of normal fear/anger response

    Memory loss:
    Damage to hippocampus portion:
    Cells undergoing calcium-induced changes associated with memory

    Kluver-Bucy Syndrome:
    Results from bilateral destruction of amygdala. Characteristics:
    Increase in sexual activity. Compulsive tendency to place objects in mouth. Decreased emotionality. Changes in eating behavior. Visual agnosia.

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