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    Animal Kingdom: Organ Level of Organisation

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    shaunasweeney5144
    This document summarizes several animal phyla at the organ system level of organization, including platyhelminthes, roundworms, molluscs, and more specifically bivalves, cephalopods, and gastropods. Platyhelminthes are acoelomate bilaterally symmetrical organisms with three tissue layers and organ systems like pharynx and reproductive structures. Roundworms contain a pseudocoelom and can cause diseases. Molluscs have a visceral mass containing organs, a mantle that may secrete shell, and a foot used for locomotion. Bivalves like clams burrow and produce threads, while cephalopods are fast swimmers with closed circulatory systems

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    Animal Kingdom: Organ Level of Organisation

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    shaunasweeney5144
    26 views24 pages
    This document summarizes several animal phyla at the organ system level of organization, including platyhelminthes, roundworms, molluscs, and more specifically bivalves, cephalopods, and gastropods. Platyhelminthes are acoelomate bilaterally symmetrical organisms with three tissue layers and organ systems like pharynx and reproductive structures. Roundworms contain a pseudocoelom and can cause diseases. Molluscs have a visceral mass containing organs, a mantle that may secrete shell, and a foot used for locomotion. Bivalves like clams burrow and produce threads, while cephalopods are fast swimmers with closed circulatory systems

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    Animal Kingdom Organ

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    This document summarizes several animal phyla at the organ system level of organization, including platyhelminthes, roundworms, molluscs, and more specifically bivalves, cephalopods, and gastropods. Platyhelminthes are acoelomate bilaterally symmetrical organisms with three tissue layers and organ systems like pharynx and reproductive structures. Roundworms contain a pseudocoelom and can cause diseases. Molluscs have a visceral mass containing organs, a mantle that may secrete shell, and a foot used for locomotion. Bivalves like clams burrow and produce threads, while cephalopods are fast swimmers with closed circulatory systems

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    26 views24 pages

    Animal Kingdom: Organ Level of Organisation

    Uploaded by

    shaunasweeney5144
    This document summarizes several animal phyla at the organ system level of organization, including platyhelminthes, roundworms, molluscs, and more specifically bivalves, cephalopods, and gastropods. Platyhelminthes are acoelomate bilaterally symmetrical organisms with three tissue layers and organ systems like pharynx and reproductive structures. Roundworms contain a pseudocoelom and can cause diseases. Molluscs have a visceral mass containing organs, a mantle that may secrete shell, and a foot used for locomotion. Bivalves like clams burrow and produce threads, while cephalopods are fast swimmers with closed circulatory systems

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    Animal Kingdom

    Organ level of organisation



    Platyhelminthes (Flatworms)
    Divided into 3 classes; Planarians, flukes
    and tapeworms.
    Acoelomate.
    Bilateral symmetry and cephalisation. Able
    to detect or capture prey quickly.
    Three definite tissue layers: epidermis,
    endodermis and mesoderm


    Well-developed organs e.g. pharynx,
    eyespots, simple brain, complex
    reproductive structures.
    Simple nervous system ladder type.
    Excretory structures, protonephridia with
    specialised collecting cells called flame
    cells.
    Gastrovascular cavity, often extensively
    branched.


    Roundworms
    Roundworms contain a pseudocoelom
    Member of this group cause diseases such
    as elephantiasis
    Coelom.
    A coelom is a body cavity surrounding the
    digestive organ or system.
    A coelom develops as a cavity within the
    mesoderm. It is completely lined with mesoderm.
    The organs are held in place by mesenteries.
    Therefore more stable and less crowded. Can
    become more complex.
    The gut is muscular.


    It allows organs and body wall to move
    independently.
    Coelom is fluid filled and this fluid protects
    and cushions the internal organs.
    Coelomic fluids can assist respiration,
    circulation and excretion.
    Can act as a hydrostatic skeleton.
    Allows animal to change shape.

    Molluscs.
    Body has 3 parts;
    Visceral mass; contains internal organs.
    Mantle; may secrete a shell, gills or lungs
    development.
    Foot; locomotion, food capture or
    attachment.
    A radula is often present.
    Very successful; more than twice the
    number of vertebrate species over 110,000
    living species.
    Most are marine but there are also fresh
    water and land molluscs.
    Nervous system: several ganglia connected
    by nerve cords.




    Open circulatory system in most.
    Blue haemocyanin.
    Some molluscs are slow moving and have
    no head; others have a definite head and
    sense organs and are active predators.


    Bivalves
    Clams, oysters, mussels, scallops
    Foot is used for burrowing, production of
    threads.
    Some clams produce a certain type of larva
    which is also produced by annelids.
    Suggests a relationship between the two

    Cephalopods;
    Squids, cuttlefish, octopuses, nautiluses
    Fast swimming predators.
    Closed circulatory system; efficient and
    effectively circulates oxygen and nutrients
    to body parts.


    Gastropods
    Snails, whelks, periwinkles, slugs
    Garden snails well adapted to terrestrial habitat.
    Shell offers protection and prevents drying out
    Lubricating mucus makes movement easy.
    Has a copulating organ
    Hermaphrodite
    Mantle becomes a lung

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