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    Bond Making and Breaking: LO: Describe Enthalpy Changes Using Energy Level Diagrams

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    Hasan Ahmed
    This document discusses bond making and breaking and how it relates to exothermic and endothermic reactions. It explains that breaking bonds requires energy and is endothermic, while forming bonds releases energy in an exothermic process. Whether a reaction is overall endothermic or exothermic depends on whether more energy is required to break old bonds or released in forming new bonds. An activity at the end asks students to determine if a reaction forming nitrogen(IV) oxide is endothermic or exothermic based on its positive enthalpy change value and draw an energy diagram.

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    Bond Making and Breaking: LO: Describe Enthalpy Changes Using Energy Level Diagrams

    Uploaded by

    Hasan Ahmed
    30 views11 pages
    This document discusses bond making and breaking and how it relates to exothermic and endothermic reactions. It explains that breaking bonds requires energy and is endothermic, while forming bonds releases energy in an exothermic process. Whether a reaction is overall endothermic or exothermic depends on whether more energy is required to break old bonds or released in forming new bonds. An activity at the end asks students to determine if a reaction forming nitrogen(IV) oxide is endothermic or exothermic based on its positive enthalpy change value and draw an energy diagram.

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    This document discusses bond making and breaking and how it relates to exothermic and endothermic reactions. It explains that breaking bonds requires energy and is endothermic, while forming bonds releases energy in an exothermic process. Whether a reaction is overall endothermic or exothermic depends on whether more energy is required to break old bonds or released in forming new bonds. An activity at the end asks students to determine if a reaction forming nitrogen(IV) oxide is endothermic or exothermic based on its positive enthalpy change value and draw an energy diagram.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    30 views11 pages

    Bond Making and Breaking: LO: Describe Enthalpy Changes Using Energy Level Diagrams

    Uploaded by

    Hasan Ahmed
    This document discusses bond making and breaking and how it relates to exothermic and endothermic reactions. It explains that breaking bonds requires energy and is endothermic, while forming bonds releases energy in an exothermic process. Whether a reaction is overall endothermic or exothermic depends on whether more energy is required to break old bonds or released in forming new bonds. An activity at the end asks students to determine if a reaction forming nitrogen(IV) oxide is endothermic or exothermic based on its positive enthalpy change value and draw an energy diagram.

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    Bond making and breaking

    LO: describe enthalpy changes


    using energy level diagrams

    Are you endo or exothermic?


    Make methane and oxygen
    Time how long it takes to take them both
    apart, this is the endothermic section
    Time how long it takes to put them back
    together to form water and carbon dioxide
    This is the exothermic section
    Draw this on an energy level diagram and
    say whether your reaction it exo or
    endothermic

    Breaking chemical bonds

    Most chemicals will decompose (break up) if we


    heat them strongly enough.
    This indicates that breaking chemical bonds
    requires energy is an endothermic process.
    Heat taken in

    Energy needed to
    overcome the
    bonding between
    the atoms

    Energy in chemicals

    Energy needed

    Making chemical bonds

    It is reasonable to assume that bond making will


    be the opposite of bond breaking
    Energy will be given out in an exothermic
    process when bonds are formed.
    Heat given out

    Energy given out as


    bonds form between
    atoms

    Energy in chemicals

    Energy given out

    Changes to chemical bonds


    Endothermic Reactions

    In most chemical reactions some existing bonds


    are broken (endothermic)

    Energy taken
    in as old
    bonds break
    reactants

    Energy given
    out as new
    bonds form

    Overall
    endothermic
    in this case
    H

    Energy in chemicals

    But new bonds are made (exothermic)

    products

    Changes to chemical bonds


    Exothermic Reactions

    Again some existing bonds are broken


    (endothermic)

    Energy taken in
    as old bonds
    break

    reactants

    Overall
    exothermic
    in this case

    Energy given out


    as new bonds
    form
    H

    Energy in chemicals

    And new bonds are formed (exothermic)

    products

    Summary Bond Changes

    reactants

    products

    Bonds form

    Endo
    Bonds break

    Bond forming

    products

    Energy in chemicals

    reactants

    Exo

    Bonds break

    Where the energy from bond forming exceeds


    that needed for bond breaking the reaction is
    exothermic.
    Where the energy for bond breaking exceeds
    that from bond forming the reaction is
    endothermic.
    Energy in chemicals

    Activity

    The formation of nitrogen (IV) oxide (formula


    NO2) from reaction of nitrogen with oxygen in
    car engines has a H value of +33.2kJ per mol
    of nitrogen oxide.
    1.
    2.
    3.
    4.
    5.

    Write a word equation for the reaction.


    Write a chemical equation for the reaction.
    Is H positive or negative?
    Is the reaction exothermic or endothermic?
    Draw an simple energy diagram for the reaction (not
    showing bond breaking and forming.)
    6. Which involves the biggest energy change: bond
    breaking or bond forming?

    Calculating enthalpy change

    Enthalpy change problems

    Example
    Complete the question
    Use this as a worked example to complete
    the questions in the book
    Complete problems 4.2
    Finish for your homework

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