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    Finite Element Method-Elements of Elasticity: BY ANJALI A (1211108) JEYAGOMATHI (1211136)

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    Makesh Kumar
    This document describes the finite element method for solving problems governed by differential equations. It discusses how the domain is divided into discrete elements that are connected at nodes to form a mesh. The key steps are to derive the strain-displacement relationship and stress-strain relations, then apply the principle of minimum potential energy. As an example, it shows using the Rayleigh Ritz method to find the deflection of a simply supported beam with a central load by approximating the displacement function and minimizing the total potential energy.

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    Finite Element Method-Elements of Elasticity: BY ANJALI A (1211108) JEYAGOMATHI (1211136)

    Uploaded by

    Makesh Kumar
    49 views23 pages
    This document describes the finite element method for solving problems governed by differential equations. It discusses how the domain is divided into discrete elements that are connected at nodes to form a mesh. The key steps are to derive the strain-displacement relationship and stress-strain relations, then apply the principle of minimum potential energy. As an example, it shows using the Rayleigh Ritz method to find the deflection of a simply supported beam with a central load by approximating the displacement function and minimizing the total potential energy.

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    This document describes the finite element method for solving problems governed by differential equations. It discusses how the domain is divided into discrete elements that are connected at nodes to form a mesh. The key steps are to derive the strain-displacement relationship and stress-strain relations, then apply the principle of minimum potential energy. As an example, it shows using the Rayleigh Ritz method to find the deflection of a simply supported beam with a central load by approximating the displacement function and minimizing the total potential energy.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    49 views23 pages

    Finite Element Method-Elements of Elasticity: BY ANJALI A (1211108) JEYAGOMATHI (1211136)

    Uploaded by

    Makesh Kumar
    This document describes the finite element method for solving problems governed by differential equations. It discusses how the domain is divided into discrete elements that are connected at nodes to form a mesh. The key steps are to derive the strain-displacement relationship and stress-strain relations, then apply the principle of minimum potential energy. As an example, it shows using the Rayleigh Ritz method to find the deflection of a simply supported beam with a central load by approximating the displacement function and minimizing the total potential energy.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 23

    FINITE ELEMENT

    METHODELEMENTS OF
    ELASTICITY
    BY
    ANJALI A(1211108)
    JEYAGOMATHI(1211136)

    FINITE ELEMENT METHOD (FEM)


    FEM is a numerical procedure for
    solving physical problems governed by
    differential equation or energy
    equation.
    In simple terms, FEM is a method for
    dividing up a very complicated problem
    into small elements that can be solved
    in relation to each other.
    It provides approximate solution.

    The domain of physical problems is


    discretized into the finite elements.
    The elements are connected at points
    called nodes.
    The assemblage of elements is called
    finite element mesh.

    APPLICATIONS
    Mechanical/Aerospace/Civil/Automotive Engineering

    EQUATION OF EQUILIBRIUM

    x, y, z normal stresses in x,y,z direction


    xy, yz, zx-shear stress
    Fx,Fy,Fz-body forces acting in x,y,z direction
    xy= xy; xz= zx, yz= zy complementary plane

    STRAIN DISPLACEMENT RELATION

    When the deformation are small


    products & square of first derivative
    are negligible compared with
    derivatives themselves

    u,v,w-displacement component of a point


    in x,y,z direction
    x,y, z-normal strain in x,y,z direction
    x,y,z-shear strain

    The above equation can be written in a matrix form


    as given below

    x
    y
    u
    z
    v
    xy
    w
    yz
    zx

    /x
    0
    =

    0
    /y

    0
    0

    /z

    /y

    /x

    0
    /z

    /z
    0

    /y
    /x

    STRESS-STRAIN RELATIONS

    -Poisson ratio
    E-Youngs modulus
    x,y, z-normal strain in x,y,z direction
    x,y,z-shear strain

    The above equation can be written in


    matrix form
    x
    1
    x
    x
    xy
    yz
    zx

    - 1
    = 1/E

    (sym)

    - -

    0 0

    2(1+)

    0 0

    2(1+)

    0 0

    2(1+)

    x
    y
    z
    xy
    yz
    zx

    For a linear elastic material, the stress-strain relation comes


    from generalized Hookes law.
    For isotropic material, two material properties are youngs
    modulus(E) & poisson ratio()

    The inverse relation of stresses in terms of


    strain components can be expressed as
    x
    y
    z
    xy
    z
    zx

    1-
    1-
    =

    0
    0
    0
    0
    0
    0

    (sym)
    1-
    0 (1-2)/2
    0
    0
    (1-2)/2
    0
    0
    0
    (1-2)/2

    Where,

    {} = [C]{}

    [C] -constitutive matrix

    z
    x
    z
    zx

    PLANE STRESS

    PLANE STRESS

    PLANE STRAIN

    PLANE STRAIN

    POTENTIAL ENERGY IN ELASTIC


    BODIES

    PRINCIPLE OF MINIMUM POTENTIAL


    ENERGY
    If a deformable body are structural system is in
    equilibrium where total potential energy of the system as
    a stationary value.
    =0
    Total P.E=U+H
    =U+H
    Principle energy of external force H is equal but opposite
    to total virtual Work done by external force.
    H= - He
    = u- H
    By Principle of virtual work,
    u=H
    =0

    RAYLEIGH RITZ METHOD

    A beam AB of span l simply supported at ends & carries a concentrated


    load W at the centre. Determine the deflection at the midspan by using
    Rayleigh Ritz method.

    For a simply supported beam, the fourier series


    => approximate function

    Where a1, a2 are ritz parameters


    =U-H
    =potential energy ; H=work done by external force
    Strain energy (U) of the beam due to bending

    Substitute dy/dx in U

    Work done by external force,


    H=Wymax
    @ x=l/2 , ymax=a1-a2 [substitute x in y equation]
    H=W(a1-a2)

    By principle of minimum potential energy


    =0
    ( /a1 )=0 ; (/ a2)=0

    ymax = a1-a2
    Deflection

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