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    Gabby Santiago
    The document discusses the history of media controls in the Philippines under Ferdinand Marcos' authoritarian rule from the 1970s-1980s. It describes how Marcos declared martial law in 1972, shut down newspapers and broadcast facilities, and gained control over media content. Journalists were forced to self-censor and write in symbols to avoid punishment. While martial law was lifted in 1981, authoritarian controls remained. The assassination of Ninoy Aquino in 1983 led to the emergence of new non-establishment newspapers as people's need for news expanded.

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    PPT

    Uploaded by

    Gabby Santiago
    107 views12 pages
    The document discusses the history of media controls in the Philippines under Ferdinand Marcos' authoritarian rule from the 1970s-1980s. It describes how Marcos declared martial law in 1972, shut down newspapers and broadcast facilities, and gained control over media content. Journalists were forced to self-censor and write in symbols to avoid punishment. While martial law was lifted in 1981, authoritarian controls remained. The assassination of Ninoy Aquino in 1983 led to the emergence of new non-establishment newspapers as people's need for news expanded.

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    The document discusses the history of media controls in the Philippines under Ferdinand Marcos' authoritarian rule from the 1970s-1980s. It describes how Marcos declared martial law in 1972, shut down newspapers and broadcast facilities, and gained control over media content. Journalists were forced to self-censor and write in symbols to avoid punishment. While martial law was lifted in 1981, authoritarian controls remained. The assassination of Ninoy Aquino in 1983 led to the emergence of new non-establishment newspapers as people's need for news expanded.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    107 views12 pages

    PPT

    Uploaded by

    Gabby Santiago
    The document discusses the history of media controls in the Philippines under Ferdinand Marcos' authoritarian rule from the 1970s-1980s. It describes how Marcos declared martial law in 1972, shut down newspapers and broadcast facilities, and gained control over media content. Journalists were forced to self-censor and write in symbols to avoid punishment. While martial law was lifted in 1981, authoritarian controls remained. The assassination of Ninoy Aquino in 1983 led to the emergence of new non-establishment newspapers as people's need for news expanded.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 12

    Authoritarian Controls and

    News Media in the


    Philippines
    By Joel Dresang

    Short Background on Philippine


    Media
    Law of Philippine media was modelled after
    the constitutional provisions of the
    American Colonialists.
    In 1960s Philippine Government was
    enacting to protect journalists and their
    sources of information.
    In 1966 a study by Ralph L. Lowenstein
    classified the Philippine media among the
    most free in the world.

    Media in the Philippines was free wheeling


    in early 1970s according to Hernando
    Gonzales.
    Advantage: Media is a catalyst in the
    growth and development of the Philippines.
    Disadvantage: A lot of publications are
    exaggerated especially in the reports of
    crimes and official improprieties (1970s
    worsening economic conditions).

    Media Under Martial Law


    1971 According to Marcos, the media is nonobjective.
    September 20, 1972 Chino Lagman said that the
    ambush of Philippine Defence Minister was a
    staged event.
    September 21, 1972 Marcos declared Martial
    Law and resulted to the close down of print and
    broadcast facilities in the Philippines.
    Manila Times, published by Joaquin P. Roces, was
    shut down.

    Martial Law government made a


    communications vacuum where only Pro-Marcos
    newspaper are allowed.
    Chosen communications and broadcast facilities
    were the only one allowed to operate.
    Marcos then gained control of the content of
    the Philippine Media.
    Late 1974, the council that controls the media
    was dismantled but there was a new order to
    the journalists.

    The media became more passive.


    In January 1981, Marcos then lifted Martial
    law but authoritarian controls had been
    lifted only in name.

    The lack of press freedom


    has made many of us, who
    have worked all these years
    under martial law, tend to
    censor ourselves
    automatically. Antonio
    Nieva.

    December 1982, WE Forum (press) was


    stopped due to the questioning of the most
    decorated veteran of World War II (Marcos).
    February 1983, first Philippine press strike
    was upheld it was leaded by Antonio
    Nieva. After a few months, he was arrested
    due to destabilizing the government.
    March 1983, International Press Institute
    noted that the press controls were
    liberalized.

    None of the journalists, who got caught,


    were convicted according to Chibu Lagman
    Journalists learned how to write in symbols
    because they cannot explicitly write the
    hard facts for how many years.

    August 1983, media now is slowly getting back


    on track, but not on major newspapers and
    televisions.
    August 21, Ninoy Aquino was assassinated.
    Different news were released.
    Enrique Zobel had no respect for the Philippine
    Media because they might just have been
    bribed.
    Vicente Jayme, a business leader, pressured the
    established media companies.

    Within a few months of the Aquino


    Assassination, ten new non-establishment
    newspapers joined Malaya in the Philippine
    media market
    Veritas Weekly was formed.

    In October 1983, Philippine Times was


    closed because of publishing a series
    of articles blaming the soldiers for the
    assassination of the Ninoy.
    According to Doeppers, newspapers do
    tend to expand when people
    extraordinarily needs for news.

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