Presentation Title

My name
My position, contact information
or project description

The biggest problem with

communication is the illusion
that it has been accomplished.
-George Bernard Shaw

I always think a great

speaker convinces us not by
force of reasoning but
because he is visibly enjoying
the beliefs he wants us to
accept.
-W.B. Yeats

What Makes a Good Presentation?

Some things to think about
- presenter
- resources
- structure

1. What is your experience of giving

presentations?
2. What do you like about it?
3. What do you dislike about it?

Fear of Public Speaking

Population
No.1 fear=Public Speaking
Fear No.2=Death
Stage fright
-In spotlight
-unprepared
-inexperienced

Presentation Skills
The mind is a wonderful thing
It starts working the moment you are
born, and never stops .
Until you get up to speak in public!!

What is a presentation?
Presentation aims to inform
to persuade

people

To buy a product
an idea

How do you that?

By working on their paradigms.
By making them see that a glass is halffilled
rather than half-empty.
By persuading them to
making them

do something
according to
your objectives

What should you do?

WIIFM
What should happen

GAP
Whats happening?

as is

B
L
O
C
K
A
G
E
S

should be

Your product / idea

Preparing Content
3 As
Analyze your AUDIENCE.
Define what ACTION you want them to
take.
Arrange your ARGUMENT to move
them.

Analyze Your Audience

What are their names, titles,
backgrounds, reasons for attending,
etc?
What are their big concerns?
What are their objectives, fears, hot
buttons, and attitudes?

Analyze Your Audience

What is their perception of you and
your group?
What are their questions likely to
be?
What is personally at stake for
them?
How much detail do they need?

PRESENTATION PLAN SHEET

Objective:
Content:
Audience Analysis:
Audience
Composition

Needs

Attitudes

Position /
Background

Age /
Gender

Turn-on

Turn-of

Types of Audience
Open or actively unfriendly
Unfriendly
Neutral
Undecided
Uninformed
Supporting
Openly or actively supportive

DOE
(shy)
FROG
(talks and
talks)
MONKEY
(knows everything)
HORSE
(accepts everything)

PORCUPINE
(always resisting)

HIPPOPOTAMUS
(no reaction)

BULL DOG
(sees everything)

TYPES OF AUDIENCE

GIRAFFE
(superman)

FOX
(asks wily questions)

Define What Action

What action do you want the audience
to take?
Define it in terms of the audience.
What will they feel, believe, and do
after hearing your talk?

Arranging Your Argument

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Get to the point.

Present your theme.
Tell Em3.
Develop your agenda point by point.
Summarize and recommend.

IDEA PRESENTATION
LISTENER/AUDIENCE
Frame of Reference

PRESENTER
Delivery Sequence

WHY SHOULD I LISTEN?

INITIAL BENEFIT STATEMENT

WHATS THE BIG IDEA?

IDEA

WHATS IN IT FOR ME?

BENEFIT(S)

HOW DO YOU KNOW THAT

THATS IN IT FOR ME?

RATIONALE

YES, BUT...

DEAL WITH OBJECTIONS

LETS MAKE SURE I

UNDERSTAND

SUMMARY

OK. HOW DO I BEGIN?

ACTION

STEPS TO A WINNING PRESENTATION

DEFINE OBJECTIVES
DESIGN CLOSE
CREATE OPENING
OUTLINE BODY
ADD SPICE
DESIGN VISUALS
TAILOR TO AUDIENCE
CREATE CHEAT SHEETS
REHEARSE

Options in Materials
Sequence
FUNNEL OUTLINE
General
Relative
Specific
ACTION PLAN OUTLINE

Objective/Strategy
Program of Activities
Timetable
Responsibilities
Budget

Options in Materials
Sequence
PROBLEM-SOLVING OUTLINE

Problem
Causes (substantial)
Recommended Solutions
Best Recommendation

PHASES OUTLINE
Historical Facts
Present Data
Projections

Options in Materials
Sequence
OBSERVATION OUTLINE
Main Observation
Analysis
Conclusion

What Is A Good Presenter?

A presenter should be like a mini skirt:

Long enough to cover the vital parts,
and short enough to attract attention.

Introduction
Introduction is probably the most important part. The
Purpose of the introduction is to tell the audience what
you are going to tell them. You should remember that there
is no second chance for a first bad impression. If you start off badly
you will spoil everything.
During the introduction you need to achieve the following aims:

gain Attention
attract Interest
create Desire
stimulate Action

Getting Started - Greeting The Audience

What you need to do first is to greet your audience.
Here are some useful phrases:

Good morning, ladies and gentlemen.

Welcome to my presentation.
Its very nice to see you all here today.
Can we get started?
Let me say just a few words about my background...

Then you proceed to the introduction to your topic

Possible Introduction Scheme:

1.

Start with welcoming courtesies/introduce yourself

2. State the purpose of your talk, using one of the techniques

3. Give a route map (tell them how long will your presentation take)
4. give the rules (do you allow to be interrupted or should your
audience keep questions until the end)

Some useful phrases

What I want to do this morning is to ..

My talk will take about 30 minutes.

During my presentation, Im going to be focusing on four main areas.

Ill be giving out copies of my transparencies at the end.

If you have any questions, or comments youd like to make,

please dont hesitate to stop me.

Five key techniques

The interesting fact
The challenging
rhetorical question
The relevant quotation
The shared history
The personal story /
your expert opinion!

Making An Effective Opening

There are several ways how to attract the audience right from the beginning. Think of
one of the following techniques to introduce your talk:

Give them a problem to think about (Suppose you... Why is it that...)

Give them some amazing facts.(Did you know that ...)
Give them a story or a personal anecdote (stories always atract attention)
Use a citation (if you want to start on a more philosophical note)
Make a funny remark (but be careful with humour, not all jokes work well)
Record a music piece perhaps (if appropriate for the topic)

Creative Openings
A strong quotation
An analogy or example
Get audience to do something
Ask a question
State a real, dramatic or humorous situation
Refer to a current event
Use an imaginary situation
A strong, dramatic visual aid

Signposting
When you drive on roads you follow the
signs and you cannot get lost. Similarly,
when you give a presentation, you need
to give signals to your audience to know
where they are and what is coming
next. They know it because you tell
them by giving signposts at the
beginning and all along the way. This
technique is called 'signposting' (or
'signalling').
Look at this example:
"I'll start by describing the current position in Europe. Then I'll move on to
some of the achievements we've made in Asia. After that I'll consider the
opportunities we see for further expansion in Africa.
Lastly, I'll quickly recap before concluding with some recommendations."

Use singposting in your presentations

Singposting is the halmark of the language of presentations. The more you

use the signposting phrases, the lighter and easier the language becomes.
Signposting phrases will help you lead your audience; they will know where
you are going.

Use singposting in your presentations

Good afternoon everybody. Id like to thank you all for coming here today and listen to
me. I hope by the end of the day you will leave with a knowledge of what equipment
can do for you and how the government can benefit by using it.
If you would like to take notes, please do so. However, all of you will be given a
handout at the end of my presentation.
I am going to talk today about a new product, a breath control measurement
instrument ALCOTEST. The first such product was introduced to the market 40 years
ago and has been used all over the world.
The new range of products Im going to familiarise you with are the Alcotest 7110 MK
III and Alcotest 7410. Now, the main purpose of the talk, of my talk, is to outline the
major benefits of using these models.
Before doing so, I would like you to look at some general technical features which I
hope you will find encouraging. Then Ill move on to the benefits for the users.
Lets look at some figures. Ill put them on the screen now. As you can see the
Alcotest comes as a portable instrument, integrated in a metal case, including
heatable sampling hose, a 40-digit alphanumerical display, integrated printer, mains
connection and 12 V battery.

Ending your talk

When you come to the end of your presentation you need to indicate
this to the people. Dont just end up abruptly without giving a
conclusion.The purpose of the conclusion is to tell the people what
you have told them.
Follow this scheme:
summarise

facts
give recommendations
give proposals
Thank the audience
Invite questions

Ending your talk : useful phrases

Wrapping up
This brings me to the end of my presentation.

Let me just run over the key points again

To sum up briefly
To conclude
As weve seen
So, my recommendation is .
I would welcome any suggestions.

Thanking the audience & Inviting questions

Thank you for your attention and if you have any questions Ill be pleased
to answer them.
Ill be happy to answer any questions.
Are there any questions youd like to ask?

PRESENTATION PLAN SHEET

Objective:
Content:
Audience Analysis:
Audience
Composition

Needs

Attitudes

Position /
Background

Age /
Gender

Turn-on

Turn-of

IDEA PRESENTATION
LISTENER/AUDIENCE
Frame of Reference

PRESENTER
Delivery Sequence

WHY SHOULD I LISTEN?

INITIAL BENEFIT STATEMENT

WHATS THE BIG IDEA?

IDEA

WHATS IN IT FOR ME?

BENEFIT(S)

HOW DO YOU KNOW THAT

THATS IN IT FOR ME?

RATIONALE

YES, BUT...

DEAL WITH OBJECTIONS

LETS MAKE SURE I

UNDERSTAND

SUMMARY

OK. HOW DO I BEGIN?

ACTION

STEPS TO A WINNING PRESENTATION

DEFINE OBJECTIVES
DESIGN CLOSE
CREATE OPENING
OUTLINE BODY
ADD SPICE
DESIGN VISUALS
TAILOR TO AUDIENCE
CREATE CHEAT SHEETS
REHEARSE

DAY 2

Maybe you are new at

talking to a large group
of people and you are a
shy person to begin
with. Dont feel bad
about it! Feeling
nervous is a typical
thing many people
experience. There are
little ways to resolve
this problem;
holding small objects in your
hand but dont let the crowd
notice.
OR
Imagining the audience is
not there watching you or
your friends are the
audience which is very
comforting.

vercoming nervousness

Controlling Nerves

Dry mouth: bite side of the tongue, sip water

Too much saliva: breath through mouth
Tight throat: yawn with your mouth closed
Short of breath: apply pressure on lower
abdomen
Butterflies: tense & relax muscles of abdomen
Drying Up: look at your note, repeat what you
have just said
Gestures
Practice

Making Notes

Use Cards - tie/number

Use headings/subheadings
Bullet points
Colour code/shorthand
Underline/indent
Write out first/last sentence in full
Memorise introduction
Rehearse
Use large visible printing

Effective Communication
Preparation
Practice
Presence

Voice
Volume
Pitch

Mumbling
Voice drop

Too high
Too low
Monotonous

Speed

Hesitancy
Gabbling

SPEAKING
Talk at a natural,
moderate rate of speech
Project your voice.
Speak clearly and
distinctly.
Repeat critical
information.
Pause briefly to give your
audience time to digest
the information on each
new slide.
Dont read the slides
aloud. Your audience can
read them far faster than
you can talk.

Things You Shouldnt Do

Read directly from notes

Read directly from screen
Turn back on audience
Slouch, hands in pockets
No um, ah, you knows
No nervous gestures
Talk too fast,
Talk too quietly

Things You Should Do

Eye contact
Can glance at notes
Appropriate gestures
Rhetorical questions to involve audience

Ten Successful Tips

Control the Butterflies
Know the room- become familiar with
the place of presentation
Know the audience- greet or chat with
the audience before hand. Its easier to
speak to friends than to strangers
Know your material-increased
nervousness is due to unpreparedness

Control the Butterflies

Gain experience-experience builds
confidence, which is key to effective
public speaking

Presentation Design
FOCUS. In general, using a few powerful slides is
the aim.
Dont overload your slides with too much text or
data.
Let the picture or graphic tell the story. Avoid text.
Number your slides and give them a title.
Prepare a company logo slide for your
presentation.
You can add a logo and other graphics to every
slide using the slide master feature.

VISUAL ELEMENT
A font size of 28 to 34 with a bold font is recommended for
subtitles. The title default size is 44. Use a san serif font for
titles.
Use clear, simple visuals. Dont confuse the audience.
Use contrast: light on dark or dark on light.
Graphics should make a key concept clearer.
Place your graphics in a similar location within each screen.
The drawing toolbar is extremely useful You can:

Insert clip art

Insert pictures
Use Word Art
Use text boxes
Insert charts and diagrams
Insert arrows, banners, and thought balloons.

TEXT
Font size must be large enough to be easily read.
Size 28 to 34 with a bold font is recommended.
It is distracting if you use too wide a variety of
fonts.
Overuse of text is a common mistake.
Too much text makes the slide unreadable. You may just
as well show a blank slide. Stick to a few key words.
If your audience is reading the slides they are not paying
attention to you. If possible, make your point with
graphics instead of text.
You can use Word Art, or a clip art image of a sign, to
convey text in a more interesting way.

BACKGROUNDS
Backgrounds should never distract from the
presentation.
Using the default white background is hard on the
viewers eyes. You can easily add a design style or
a color to the background.
Backgrounds that are light colored with dark text,
or vice versa, look good. A dark background with
white font reduces glare.
Colors appear lighter when projected. Pale colors
often appear as white.
Consistent backgrounds add to a professional
appearance.
For a long presentation, you may want to change
background designs when shifting to a new topic.

Timing - Practicing Your

Presentation,
Talk through your presentation to see how much
time you use for each slide.
Set the automatic slide transition to the amount of
time you want to spend discussing each slide.
Change the automatic slide transition settings for
individual slides to fit the amount of time needed
for that slide and practice again. Are you still within
the time limit?

Presentation Skills
The key to effective presentations is
to manage the relationship
between yourself and the audience
so that a good rapport is developed
with them

Presentation Skills
Short sharp paragraphs
Simple words
Repeat key phrases for effect
Repeat key phrases for effect
Avoid catch phrases
Humour
Anecdotes: real-life examples
Rhetorical questions: dont

require answers

Presentation Checklist
Check :

Size of room
Tables and
chairs
Sockets
Lights
Equipment
Display table
Entrance

Presentation Day &

Practice
30 minutes before

Arrange table & chairs

Set up equipment
Catering
Display
Start Promptly
Finish on Time

Now is the time to deliver your

whole presentation to the group
using all of the delivery
techniques we have discussed.

Practice takes you from this..

To this.

Pre-Talk Preparation
Plan to get there a few minutes early to set up and
test the equipment.
Dress appropriately for your audience.
Turn off your cell phone.
Handouts:
Edward , the leading expert on visual presentation
techniques, advises speakers to always prepare a handout
when giving a PowerPoint presentation.
Make about 10% more handouts than you expect to use.
Distribute handouts at the beginning of your talk.

Body Language
Dress
Posture
Facial Expression
Voice
Movement
Gesture
Eye Contact

BODY LANGUAGE
Keep your eyes on the audience
Use natural gestures.
Dont turn your back to the audience.
Dont hide behind the lectern.
Avoid looking at your notes. Only use them as
reference points to keep you on track. Talk,
dont read.

QUESTIONS
Always leave time for a few questions at the end of the talk.
If you allow questions during the talk, the presentation time will
be about 25% more than the practice time.
You can jump directly to a slide by typing its number or by rightclicking during the presentation and choosing from the slide
titles.
Relax. If youve done the research you can easily answer most
questions.
Some questions are too specific or personal. Politely refuse to
answer.
If you cant answer a question, say so. Dont apologize. I dont
have that information. Ill try to find out for you.

Preparation at home
When you plan your presentation you need to answer the
following questions:
1. Who is my audience (how much do they know about
my topic?)
2. How am I going to organise my topic? (it needs to tell a
story)
3. How long should my presentation be? (you will have
time limits and you need to say everything within that
limit)
4. What visual support shall I use? (PowerPoint,
transparencies, models, objects...?)

Warm up!
Deep breathing exercises- in for a count of
5, out for a count of 5. In for 6, out for 6,
and so on, up to 10.
Hum! This loosens the vocal chords and
warms them up
Do some tongue twisters. Really try to
articulate the words. Get faster and faster!
Yawn.

Tongue Twisters!
Unique New York
She sells sea shells by the sea shore.
The shells that she sells are sea shells
Im sure
Red Lorry, Yellow Lorry
Peter Piper picked a peck of picked
peppers
Rubber buggy baby bumpers

Giving the Presentation, cont:

Clothing: comfortable, appropriate

Maintain eye contact
Use notes if you need them
Think about when to use handouts

PowerPoint
Good Points
Portable
Professional
Can add graphics
Clear
Can use for handouts

Bad points
Depends on
technology
Lack of audience
contact
Cant add to it
Overcrowded

Facing your fears

Possible fears, and how to deal with them:

Forgetting what to say: prepare and use notes or cue cards. If you do forget, take a
deep breath, and dont panic, as youll forget even more!
Speaking in front of people: practice in front of a small audience first. Look just about
the heads of the audience. Sometimes you will be nervous: accept it and carry on

Disruptions, people shouting out or being rude during your presentation: You control the
presentation. If people are being noisy, disruptive, or rude, you have the right to ask
them to leave. If youre unwilling to do this yourself, contact venue security if they are
present.
Getting lost: Allow plenty of time to get to the venue, take a contact number to call if
you get lost, plan out the route beforehand, take a taxi if needed
Questions: not knowing the answer to questions, people asking questions to trip you up:
Prepare for common questions beforehand, if you cant answer straight away, take their
details and get back to them

Possible fears, and how to deal with them:

Forgetting what to say: prepare and use notes or cue cards. If you do forget,
take a deep breath, and dont panic, as youll forget even more!
Speaking in front of people: practice in front of a small audience first. Look
just about the heads of the audience. Sometimes you will be nervous: accept
it and carry on

 Disruptions, people shouting out or being rude during your presentation: You
control the presentation. If people are being noisy, disruptive, or rude, you
have the right to ask them to leave. If youre unwilling to do this yourself,
contact venue security if they are present.

 Getting lost: Allow plenty of time to get to the venue, take a contact number to
call if you get lost, plan out the route beforehand, take a taxi if needed
Questions: not knowing the answer to questions, people asking questions to
trip you up: Prepare for common questions beforehand, if you cant answer
straight away, take their details and get back to them

Flipcharts and Whiteboards

Good Points
Low-tech
Easy to add to
More contact with
audience
More interactive

Bad Points
Can only use once
Cant add graphics
Can be hard to read
Hard to see

Flipcharts and Whiteboard Tips

Dont hide!
Draw lines if needed
Pay attention to colour
Call ahead to check on facilities
Stick to a few key points

Dealing with Questions

Questions show people are listening!

Allow time to deal with them
Decide when to answer them
Try and anticipate
Dont be afraid to stop and think

What if I dont know the

answer?
Open it to the floor
Take details and answer later
Repeat the question back if you dont
understand it

Body Language
NO-NOs
Lean on or grip the podium
Rock or sway in place
Stand immobile
Use a single gesture repeatedly
Examine or bite your fingernails

Body Language
NO-NOs
Cross your arms in front of your chest
Use obviously practiced or stilted
gestures
Chew gum or eat candy
Click or tap your pen, pencil or pointer

Body Language
NO-NOs
Lean into the microphone
Shuffle your notes unnecessarily
Tighten your tie or otherwise play with
your clothing
Crack your knuckles
Jangle change or key in your pocket

Voice
Voice Intelligibility
Voice Variability
Articulation
Rate of speech
Pronunciation

Volume
Vocalized
Pitch or tone
pauses
Emphasis
Overuse of stock
expressions
Substandard
grammar

Preparing Content
3 As

Analyze your AUDIENCE.

Define what ACTION you want
them to take.
Arrange your ARGUMENT to move
them.

Analyze Your Audience

What are their names, titles,
backgrounds, reasons for attending,
etc?
What are their big concerns?
What are their objectives, fears, hot
buttons, and attitudes?

Analyze Your Audience

What is their perception of you
and your institution?
What are their questions likely to
be?
What is personally at stake for
them?
How much detail do they need?

Define What Action

What action do you want the
audience to take?
Define it in terms of the audience.
What will they feel, believe, and do
after hearing your talk?

Arranging Your Argument

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

Shake hands with the audience.

Get to the point.
Present your theme.
Tell Em3.
Develop your agenda point by point.
Summarize and recommend.

Visual Aids
(not the stars of
the show)

Design Concepts
Big
Simple
Clear

Big
Should be able to read
everything from the back row
At least 28 pt, preferably 36
Use the floor test

Simple
No more than 6 lines
No more than 7 words per
line

Clear
Arial or Helvetica
Blue background with yellow
text
Avoid overuse of red, shadows,
animation and transitions
Beware of busy backgrounds

Clear
Clip art should add to the
content
Ditto on sound clips
Use a different background only
to emphasize one slide

s
d
i
A
l
e
a
b
u
s
d
i
l
V hou e
s n th r s
o ke
a
e
sp left.

Questions & Answers

Does anyone have any
questions for my answers?
-Henry Kissinger

Questions & Answers

Beginning of a whole new
interactive presentation
Opportunity to make a point
Most presentations are won or
lost here

Questions & Answers

Anticipate lines of
questioning
Rehearse
Dont rank questions
Keep answers brief
Be honestdont BS
Avoid negative words

Dont repeat negative

questions
Clarify question
Defer to experts
Move your eyes off
questioner
If negative, end your
response focused on
somebody else

THE RULE

NEVER argue
with a member of
the audience.

Instead

Look at the questioner.

Remain neutral and attentive.
Listen to the whole question.
Pause before you respond.
Address the questioner, then move your
eyes to others.

Easy as A B C
I cant Answer that
question Because ,
but I Can tell you

Better to keep your

mouth shut and appear
ignorant than open it
and remove all doubt.
-Mark Twain

Make sure you have finished

speaking before your audience
has finished listening.
-Dorothy Sarnoff

Steps in Giving Presentation

1. Plan
2. Prepare
3. Practice
4. Present

1. Planning

Questions?

Who is your audience?

Why are they there?
What is your goal?
How long will it be?
Where will it take place?

Business Card Test

 elevator test.
"sell" your message in 30-45 seconds.
the David Belasco test while you're in the planning
stages.
David Belasco was a producer who insisted that the core
idea for every successful play he produced could be
written as a simple sentence on the back of a business
card. Try it.
you may want to think again and get your message down
pat in your mind.
This too is certainly something you do before you ever
begin to open up PowerPoint (Keynote).

3 things

If your audience could remember only three

things about your presentation, what would
you want it to be?
(1)_____________
(2)_____________
(3)_____________

Start your Outline

No Powerpoint
Film with no script
Pencil & Paper
Order your thoughts
Key points

Structure
Have a sound, clear structure

Create interest
We need to open gaps before we close
them. Our tendency is to tell people the
facts. First, though, they must realize that
they need these facts.

Dan & Chip Heath, Make it Stick

Structure
Introduction
Main theme

Summary/
Conclusions

Get Attention

Content

Key message

 Structure for each slide

Rhetorical question linking each slide.

2. Preparation

Speakers 3 friends

1. Personal Notes
2. Visuals
3. Handouts

Powerpoint Factory

Some things to avoid.

Powerpoint Karaoke

Poor Powerpoint

The evils of Powerpoint are familiar to everyone, they include:

Too much text

Too small to read and is really only serving as a crutch for the presenter
Clip Art and Slide templates that have been seen a million times
Spinning, wooshing, dazzlings animations

Part of the problem with having so much text onscreen is that it puts of people. If the
idea of your presentation is to read from the slides then we are you there?
Besides people can read quicker than you can talk so theyll have finished
reading your slide and be waiting for the next one, or even worse working on a
masterpience doodle.
Your presentation, Powerpoint or otherwise, should be a supporting aid you want
main the focus on you not your presentation. Ideally, you should be able to
deliver an equally interesting presentation should the
projector/computer/room/audience break.
Avoid too many bullets as well it makes the information dull for the audience.

 The evils of Powerpoint are familiar to everyone, they include:

Too much text

Too small to read and is really only serving as a crutch for the presenter
Clip Art and Slide templates that have been seen a million times
Spinning, wooshing, dazzlings animations

Part of the problem with having so much text onscreen is that it puts of
people. If the idea of your presentation is to read from the slides then we
are you there? Besides people can read quicker than you can talk so
theyll have finished reading your slide and be waiting for the next one, or
even worse working on a masterpiece doodle.

Your presentation, Powerpoint or otherwise, should be a

supporting aid you want main the focus on you not your
presentation. Ideally, you should be able to deliver an equally
interesting presentation should the
projector/computer/room/audience break.
Avoid too many bullets as well it makes the information dull
for the audience.

A few guidelines

10/ 20/ 30 rule

should have ten slides, last no more than
twenty minutes, and contain no font
smaller than thirty points.
Guy Kawaski

Colour

Use colour well

High quality images

Use images to
support your point

Use a consistent
theme

3. Practice

Feeling Nervous?

Lack of experience
Lack of preparation
Lack of enthusiasm
Negative self-talk

Presenting Fitness

Practice

Room
Everything
Technology

Its not about you

Focus on your goal
what you are going to say
Audience
Make them comfortable
Interesting

Becoming Confident

Be over-prepared
Rehearse and practice
Know your subject
Use relaxation techniques
Be positive +++
Avoid stressors

But most importantly

Presenting Fitness

We provide free presentation practice

4. Presenting

The most powerful visual aid

words

voice

body language

Make a strong start

Show your passion

 Eye contact

Smile

Dealing with Questions

TRACT technique
1. Thank the questioner
2. Repeat the question
3. Answer the question
4. Check with the questioner if they are
satisfied
5. Thank them again