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    Modern Society and Globa L Language: (Chapter 2)

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    dosvutheam
    This document provides an overview of the historical contexts of how English spread from its origins in the UK to other parts of the world. It focuses on the spread of English to America, beginning with early settlements in Virginia and Massachusetts in the 17th century. The document notes that different dialects developed from the various regions in England that settlers originated from and that additional waves of immigration from other parts of Britain, Ireland, and other countries introduced more linguistic influences. It traces the population growth and westward migration that established English as the dominant language while acknowledging influences from Spanish, French, Dutch, German and African languages.

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    Modern Society and Globa L Language: (Chapter 2)

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    dosvutheam
    51 views11 pages
    This document provides an overview of the historical contexts of how English spread from its origins in the UK to other parts of the world. It focuses on the spread of English to America, beginning with early settlements in Virginia and Massachusetts in the 17th century. The document notes that different dialects developed from the various regions in England that settlers originated from and that additional waves of immigration from other parts of Britain, Ireland, and other countries introduced more linguistic influences. It traces the population growth and westward migration that established English as the dominant language while acknowledging influences from Spanish, French, Dutch, German and African languages.

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    Modern Society and Global Language

    Original Title

    MSGL_ppt2_1

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    This document provides an overview of the historical contexts of how English spread from its origins in the UK to other parts of the world. It focuses on the spread of English to America, beginning with early settlements in Virginia and Massachusetts in the 17th century. The document notes that different dialects developed from the various regions in England that settlers originated from and that additional waves of immigration from other parts of Britain, Ireland, and other countries introduced more linguistic influences. It traces the population growth and westward migration that established English as the dominant language while acknowledging influences from Spanish, French, Dutch, German and African languages.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    51 views11 pages

    Modern Society and Globa L Language: (Chapter 2)

    Uploaded by

    dosvutheam
    This document provides an overview of the historical contexts of how English spread from its origins in the UK to other parts of the world. It focuses on the spread of English to America, beginning with early settlements in Virginia and Massachusetts in the 17th century. The document notes that different dialects developed from the various regions in England that settlers originated from and that additional waves of immigration from other parts of Britain, Ireland, and other countries introduced more linguistic influences. It traces the population growth and westward migration that established English as the dominant language while acknowledging influences from Spanish, French, Dutch, German and African languages.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 11

    Modern Society and Globa

    l Language
    (Chapter 2)
    Instructor: Professor Yong-Won Lee
    Department of English Language and Literature
    Seoul National University
    Office: Building 3, Room 316
    Email: ylee01@snu.ac.kr
    Phone: 02-880-2536

    Fall 2015
    1

    WHY English?
    The Historical Contexts
    Why is English the Global Language?
    - Two Answers: (a) Geographical-Historical one (Chapter 2);
    (b) Socio-Cultural one (Chapters 3 & 4);
    - Combination of (a) & (b) resulted in Many Varieties of English
    (Chapter 5).

    Historical Account: Traces the movement of English around t


    he world; - The 19th-century colonial developments; - Adoption as an (or
    a semi)-official language of newly independent states in mid 20th centur
    y; - Spread of representation in every continent and islands in three maj
    or Oceans.

    Socio-Cultural Account: - Looks at the way people have co


    me to depend on English for their economic and social well-being; P
    enetration into the international domains of political life, business, s
    afety, communications, entertainment, and the media & education;
    Several domains total dependence on English computer software i
    ndustry.

    Overview: Historical Context

    Origin (UK)
    America
    Canada
    The Caribbean
    Australia & New Zealand
    South Asia
    Former Colonial Africa
    South Africa

    South East Asia & The South Pacific


    A world view

    Origin (UK)

    Origin
    Movement of Anglo-Saxons in 5th Century:
    - Northern Europe to England (Strongholds of the Celtic languages);
    - Entered Part of Wales, Cornwall, Cumbria, and southern Scotland.

    Norman Invasion in 1066: Many nobles fled to Scotland and

    were welc

    omed (along with the English language).

    Expansion into Ireland, beginning in 12th Century:


    - Anglo-Norman nights were sent across the Irish Sea;
    - Ireland fell under English rule.

    The First Significant Step in the End of 16th Century:


    - Colonial Expansions into North America and further developments
    - Between the Elisabeth I and II period (1603-1952);
    - 5-7 million => 250 million speakers of English.
    5

    America

    America
    Early English-Speaking Settlements in America
    - The First Expedition (1584): Commissioned by Walter Raleigh (1584);
    A group of explorers established a small settlement near Roanoke Island (North
    Carolina); Conflicts with the native people; Disappearance of settlement.
    - The Second Expedition (1607): The first permanent settlement built in the
    Chesapeake Bay area; Called the settlement Jamestown and the area Virginia.
    - The Third Expedition (1620): The first group of puritans on Mayflower landed
    at Cape Cod Bay and established a settlement at Plymouth, Massachusetts; The
    near area called New England.

    Different Linguistic Backgrounds of Settlers:


    - Virginia: Most of settlers from West County (Somerset, Gloucestershire);
    Zummerzet voicing of s sounds & r pronounced strongly after vowels;
    Tidewater accents in Tangier Island.
    - New England: Settlers from Eastern counties of England (Lincolnshire,
    Nottinghamshire, Essex, Kent, and London) and Midlands:
    Not pronouncing r after vowels.
    7

    America

    America
    Dialectal Distinctions in American English
    - Originated from early patterns of settlements and migration routes.
    - Northern (New England): Moved west into the Great Lakes area.
    - Southern (Virginia): Moved along the Gulf coasts into Texas
    - Midland: Spread throughout the mid-western area, across the
    Mississippi into California.

    Additional Waves of Immigration:


    - The 17th Century: New shiploads of immigrants; Pennsylvania
    settled mainly by Quakers from the Midlands and the North of England;
    - The 18th Century: A vast wave of immigration from northern
    Ireland; 50,00 Irish and Scots-Irish in 1720; Scots-Irish - One sevenths of
    colonial population by 1776 ; Seen as frontier people with the broad accent;
    Some stayed in Philadelphia and others moved inland to the west and the
    South in search for land.
    9

    America
    Population Increase between 1770-1870: 4 millions (the first censu
    s) to 50 millions; Settlers spread throughout the continent; The broad acc
    ent was heard all over the Sunbelt (from Virginia to southern California); It is
    closely associated with present-day American speech.

    Non-English influence on the English language


    - The Spanish: occupied large parts of the west and south-west;
    - The French: the northern territories, around St. Lawrence River
    and throughout the middle region (French Louisiana) as far as the
    Gulf of Mexico;
    - The Dutch: in New York (originally New Amsterdam) and the
    surrounding area;
    - The German: Settling in Pennsylvania and hinterland.
    - Africans: Slave trade; from 2, 500 in 1700 to 100, 000 by 1775.
    10

    America
    The 19th Century: A massive increase in American migration;
    - Irish following potato famine in 1840s;
    - Germans and Italians escaping from the failed 1848 revolutions;
    - Central European Jews fleeing from the pogroms of the 1880s;

    The 20th Century: 75 millions (1900) to about 150 millions (1950); about 50 m
    illions; Settlers spread throughout the continent; The broad accent was heard a
    ll over the Sunbelt (from Virginia to southern California); It is closely associated w
    ith present-day American speech.

    Functions of the English Language in America


    - English language as a Glue: Within one or two generations of arrival, most im
    migrants came to speak English through assimilation; A massive increase of mot
    her-tongue speakers of English (198 m. in 1990 to 215 m. in 2000) ; Maintainin
    g American unity;
    - Minority groups concerns: preservation of their cultural & linguistic heritage; T
    he seeds of conflicts between the need for intelligibility and the need for identit
    y.
    11

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