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Digital Signal Processing: Shi Ping

Digital Signal Processing

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Gagandeep Singh Dhingra
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80 views

Digital Signal Processing: Shi Ping

Digital Signal Processing

Uploaded by

Gagandeep Singh Dhingra
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 31

Digital Signal Processing

Shi Ping
School of Information Engineering
CUC

Copyright 2005. Shi Ping CUC

Course outline
Text books

2006
Reference books
<Digital Signal Processing Using MATLAB>

Vinay K. Ingle John G. Proakis 2003

Copyright 2005. Shi Ping CUC

Course outline
Reference books

,1997

A.V. R.W. J.R.


2
2001

2003

Copyright 2005. Shi Ping CUC

Course outline

Relationship with other courses


About MATLAB Software
Requirements

Copyright 2005. Shi Ping CUC

Chapter 1
Introduction to DSP
Content
Signal, System, Signal Processing
The Constitution of DSP System
How to implement the DSP
The Application of DSP
The advantages of DSP
Copyright 2005. Shi Ping CUC

Signal, System, Signal Processing


Signal
A signal is a function of independent variables such as
time, distance, position, temperature and pressure
Signals play an important role in our daily life.
Most signals we encounter are generated naturally.
However, a signal can also be generated synthetically
or by a computer.
Depending on the nature of the independent variables
and the value of the function, we can classify the
signals as follows
Copyright 2005. Shi Ping CUC

Signal, System, Signal Processing


scalar signal
A signal generated by a single source
vector signal (or multichannel signal)
A signal generated by multiple sources
one dimensional (1-D) signal
A function of a single independent variable
multidimensional (M-D) signal
A function of more than one independent variables
sound

Image

Video
Copyright 2005. Shi Ping CUC

Signal, System, Signal Processing


continuous-time signal

x(t )

see

The independent variable is continuous

discrete-time signal (sequence)

x(n)

The independent variable is discrete

analog signal
A continuous-time signal with a continuous amplitude

quantized-boxcar signal
A continuous-time signal with a discrete-value amplitude

digital signal
A discrete-time signal with a discrete-value amplitude

Sampled-data signal
A discrete-time signal with a continuous amplitude
Copyright 2005. Shi Ping CUC

Signal, System, Signal Processing


deterministic signal
A signal that can be uniquely determined by a
well-defined process, such as a mathematical
expression or rule, or table look-up.

random signal
A single that is generated in a random fashion
and cannot be predicted ahead of time.

Copyright 2005. Shi Ping CUC

Signal, System, Signal Processing


periodic signal
A signal that repeats itself in a periodic fashion from
negative to positive infinity.

x ( t ) x ( t kT )
x ( n) x ( n kN )
aperiodic signal
A signal that extends to both positive and negative
infinity without repeating in a periodic pattern.

Copyright 2005. Shi Ping CUC

Signal, System, Signal Processing


power signal
An infinite energy signal with finite average power.

1
P lim
T T

x ( t ) dt

1
P lim
N N

N 1

x ( n)

n 0

energy signal
An finite energy signal with zero average power.

x ( t ) dt

E x ( n)
2

a periodic sequence power signal


a finite-length sequence energy signal
Copyright 2005. Shi Ping CUC

Signal, System, Signal Processing


System
A system is any process that produces an output signal
in response to an input signal.
Depending on the types of the signal processed, we
can classify the systems as follows:

Copyright 2005. Shi Ping CUC

Signal, System, Signal Processing


analog system
input and output analog signals
digital system
input and output digital signals
continuous-time system
input and output continuous-time signals
discrete-time system
input and output discrete-time signals
Copyright 2005. Shi Ping CUC

Signal, System, Signal Processing


Signal Processing
A signal carries information !
The objective of signal processing:
To extract, enhance, store and transmit the useful
information carried by the signal.
Digital signal processing:
To implement the signal processing by a digital means.
return
Copyright 2005. Shi Ping CUC

The Constitution of DSP System


Equivalent to an analog signal processor
analog

analog
PrF

ADC

DSP

DAC

PoF

waveform

PrF: antialiasing filtering

example

PoF: smooth out the staircase waveform


return
Copyright 2005. Shi Ping CUC

How to Implement the DSP

To handle the DSP algorithms in a general-purpose


microprocessor by means of software programming
To handle the DSP algorithms in a specifically
designed Digital Signal Processors (DSPs)

return
Copyright 2005. Shi Ping CUC

The Application of DSP


The main tasks of DSP

Signal Analysis

Measurement of signal properties


Spectrum (frequency/phase) analysis
Target detection, verification, recognition

Signal Filtering

Signal-in-signal-out, filter
Removal of noise/interference
Separation of frequency bands
Copyright 2005. Shi Ping CUC

The Application of DSP


DSP application examples

Telecommunications

Multiplexing
Compression
Echo control

Audio Processing

Music
Speech generation
Speech recognition
Copyright 2005. Shi Ping CUC

The Application of DSP


DSP application examples

Echo Location

Radar
Sonar
Reflection seismology

Image Processing

Medical
Space
Commercial Imaging Products
Copyright 2005. Shi Ping CUC

The Application of DSP


Demonstration
FM synthesis of sound
chirp

clarinet

brass

bell

Digital image processing


Deblurring
Edge detection
Noise reduction
return
Copyright 2005. Shi Ping CUC

The Advantages of DSP

Absence of drift in the filter characteristics


Improved quality level
Reproducibility
Ease of new function development
Multiplexing
Modularity
Total single chip implementation using VLSI technology
return
Copyright 2005. Shi Ping CUC

The sound signal is an example of a 1-D signal


where the independent variable is time

return
Copyright 2005. Shi Ping
CUC

A black-and-white image signal is an example of a


2-D signal where the 2 independent variables are the
2 spatial variables.

I ( x, y)

Copyright 2005. Shi Ping CUC

A color image signal is a 3-channel signal composed of three


2-D signals representing the three primary color: red, green
and blue (RGB)

I R ( x , y )
u( x , y ) I G ( x , y )
I G ( x , y )

return
Copyright 2005. Shi Ping
CUC

A black-and-white video signal is an example of a 3-D signal


where the 3 independent variables are the 2 spatial variables
and the time variable.

I ( x, y, t )

Copyright 2005. Shi Ping CUC

A color video signal is a 3-channel signal composed of three


3-D signals representing the three primary color: red, green
and blue (RGB)

I R ( x , y , t )

u( x , y , t ) I G ( x , y , t )
I B ( x , y , t )

return
Copyright 2005. Shi Ping
CUC

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Copyright 2005. Shi Ping


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