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    2D Transformations

    Uploaded by

    Ram Ac
    2D transformations include translation, rotation, and scaling. Translation moves all points by a constant amount in a given direction. Rotation turns objects around a fixed point by a given angle. Scaling enlarges or shrinks objects uniformly or differentially. Matrix math provides an efficient way to represent and combine transformations using multiplication. Common transformation matrices include the translation matrix, rotation matrix, and scaling matrix. Multiple transformations can be combined by multiplying their respective matrices in sequence.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    2D Transformations

    Uploaded by

    Ram Ac
    317 views15 pages
    2D transformations include translation, rotation, and scaling. Translation moves all points by a constant amount in a given direction. Rotation turns objects around a fixed point by a given angle. Scaling enlarges or shrinks objects uniformly or differentially. Matrix math provides an efficient way to represent and combine transformations using multiplication. Common transformation matrices include the translation matrix, rotation matrix, and scaling matrix. Multiple transformations can be combined by multiplying their respective matrices in sequence.

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    2D_TRANSFORMATIONS.ppt

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    2D transformations include translation, rotation, and scaling. Translation moves all points by a constant amount in a given direction. Rotation turns objects around a fixed point by a given angle. Scaling enlarges or shrinks objects uniformly or differentially. Matrix math provides an efficient way to represent and combine transformations using multiplication. Common transformation matrices include the translation matrix, rotation matrix, and scaling matrix. Multiple transformations can be combined by multiplying their respective matrices in sequence.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    317 views15 pages

    2D Transformations

    Uploaded by

    Ram Ac
    2D transformations include translation, rotation, and scaling. Translation moves all points by a constant amount in a given direction. Rotation turns objects around a fixed point by a given angle. Scaling enlarges or shrinks objects uniformly or differentially. Matrix math provides an efficient way to represent and combine transformations using multiplication. Common transformation matrices include the translation matrix, rotation matrix, and scaling matrix. Multiple transformations can be combined by multiplying their respective matrices in sequence.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 15
    At a glance
    Powered by AI
    The key takeaways are that there are different types of 2D transformations including translation, rotation, and scaling. These transformations can be represented using matrix math to manipulate object coordinates.

    The different types of 2D transformations discussed are translation, rotation, and scaling. Translation moves all points along a straight path. Rotation repositions points along a circular path. Scaling changes the size of objects.

    A rotation transformation is defined by rotating each point around a pivot point. The new x-coordinate is calculated as the original x multiplied by the cosine of the angle minus the original y multiplied by the sine of the angle. The new y-coordinate is the original x multiplied by the sine of the angle plus the original y multiplied by the cosine of the angle.

    2D& 3D TRANSFORMATIONS

    2D Transformations
    What is transformations?
    The geometrical changes of an object from a
    current state to modified state.

    Why the transformations is needed?


    To manipulate the initially created object and to
    display the modified object without having to
    redraw it.

    2D Transformations
    2 ways
    Object Transformation
    Alter the coordinates descriptions an object
    Translation, rotation, scaling etc.
    Coordinate system unchanged

    Coordinate transformation
    Produce a different coordinate system

    Matrix Math
    Why do we use matrix?
    More convenient organization of data.
    More efficient processing
    Enable the combination of various
    concatenations

    Matrix addition and subtraction


    a
    b

    c
    d

    a c
    b d

    Matrix Math
    Matrix Multiplication
    Dot product

    a
    c

    b
    d

    e
    g

    f
    = a.e + b.g
    h
    c.e + d.g

    a.f + b.h
    c.f + d.h

    Translation
    A translation moves all points
    in an object along the same
    straight-line path to new
    positions.
    The path is represented by a
    vector, called the translation or
    shift vector.
    We can write the components:
    p'x = px + tx
    p'y = py + ty
    or in matrix form:
    P' = P + T
    tx
    x
    x
    y = y + ty

    ?
    ty=4
    (2, 2)

    tx = 6

    Rotation
    A rotation repositions
    all points in an object
    along a circular path in
    the plane centered at
    the pivot point.
    First, well assume the
    pivot is at the origin.

    Rotation

    Review Trigonometry

    => cos = x/r , sin = y/r


    x = r. cos , y = r.sin
    => cos (+ ) = x/r
    x = r. cos (+ )
    x = r.coscos -r.sinsin
    x = x.cos y.sin
    =>sin (+ ) = y/r
    y = r. sin (+ )
    y = r.cossin + r.sincos
    y = x.sin + y.cos

    P(x, y)

    P(x,y)

    x
    Identity of Trigonometry

    Rotation

    We can write the components:


    p'x = px cos py sin
    p'y = px sin + py cos

    P(x, y)

    or in matrix form:
    P' = R P
    can be clockwise (-ve) or
    counterclockwise (+ve as our
    example).
    Rotation matrix

    cos
    sin

    sin
    cos

    P(x,y)

    Rotation
    Example
    Find the transformed point, P, caused by
    rotating P= (5, 1) about the origin through an
    angle of 90.
    cos
    sin

    sin

    x x cos y sin

    cos y x sin y cos


    5 cos 90 1 sin 90

    5 sin 90 1 cos 90

    5 0 1 1

    5 1 1 0

    Scaling

    Scaling changes the size of an


    object and involves two scale
    factors, Sx and Sy for the xand y- coordinates
    respectively.
    Scales are about the origin.
    We can write the components:
    p'x = sx px
    p'y = sy py
    or in matrix form:
    P' = S P
    Scale matrix as:
    sx
    S
    0

    0
    s y

    Scaling

    If the scale factors are in between 0


    and 1 the points will be moved
    closer to the origin the object
    will be smaller.
    Example :
    P(2, 5), Sx = 0.5, Sy = 0.5
    Find P ?

    P(2, 5)

    Scaling

    If the scale factors are in between 0


    and 1 the points will be moved
    closer to the origin the object
    will be smaller.
    Example :
    P(2, 5), Sx = 0.5, Sy = 0.5
    Find P ?
    If the scale factors are larger than 1
    the points will be moved away
    from the origin the object will be
    larger.
    Example :
    P(2, 5), Sx = 2, Sy = 2
    Find P ?

    P(2, 5)

    Scaling
    If the scale factors are the same,
    Sx = Sy uniform scaling
    Only change in size (as previous
    example)
    If Sx Sy differential scaling.
    Change in size and shape
    Example : square rectangle
    P(1, 3), Sx = 2, Sy = 5 , P ?

    P(1, 2)

    What does scaling by 1 do?


    What is that matrix called?
    What does scaling by a negative value do?

    Concatentation - Combining transformations

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