Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) are standardized protocols that

transfer multiple digital bit streams synchronously over optical fiber.

The basic unit of framing in SDH is a STM-1 (Synchronous Transport
Module, level 1), which operates at 155.520 megabits per second (Mbit/s).
STM-1 carries 21 E1

Dense wavelength division multiplexed (DWDM) system can be viewed as a

parallel set of optical channels, each using a slightly different wavelength,
but all sharing a single transmission medium.
A

DWDM 1530 1563 Lamda C band , 1570-1620 Lamda

Non Zero Dispertion Shifted fiber (NZDSF) fiber is used mainly for DWDM
Optimum dispersion at 1550 nm & attenuation at between 0.18 db/km to 0.21 db/km
WHY DWDM
To increase the Transport capacity of the Network

-What it does
-Transports more than one/multiple optical channels over a single
optical fibre cable
-Transmits simultaneously multiple carriers of different wave lengths
over a single fibre
-Different wave length carriers are combined/multiplexed together in
a passive optical coupler on the transmit end
-Reverse happens at the receive end i.e..
decombining/demultiplexing takes place
- Enables transmission of data from different sources simultaneously
at same time with different carrier wave lengths

Optera Metro 5000 Building Blocks

Wavelength Plan

Band 8
Band 7
Band 6
Band 5
Band 4
Band 3
Band 2
Band 1

Long Band
Conventional Band

1604.02 nm 186.9 THz

1605.73 nm 186.7 THz

1602.31 nm 187.1 THz
1600.60 nm 187.3 THz
1598.89 nm 187.5 THz
1597.19 nm 187.7 THz
1595.49 nm 187.9 THz
1593.80 nm 188.1 THz
1592.10 nm 188.3 THz
1590.41 nm 188.5 THz
1588.73 nm 188.7 THz
1585.36 nm 189.1 THz

1587.04 nm 188.9 THz

1583.69 nm 189.3 THz
1582.02 nm 189.5 THz
1580.35 nm 189.7 THz
1578.69 nm 189.9 THz
1577.03 nm 190.1 THz
1573.71 nm 190.5 THz

1575.37 nm 190.3 THz

1572.06 nm 190.7 THz
1570.42 nm 190.9 THz
1568.77 nm 191.1 THz
1567.13 nm 191.3 THz
1563.86 nm 191.7 THz

1565.48 nm 191.5 THz

1562.23 nm 191.9 THz
1560.61 nm 192.1 THz
1558.98 nm 192.3 THz
1557.36 nm 192.5 THz
1555.75 nm 192.7 THz
1554.13 nm 192.9 THz
1552.52 nm 193.1 THz
1550.92 nm 193.3 THz
1547.72 nm 193.7 THz

1549.32 nm 193.5 THz

1546.12 nm 193.9 THz
1544.53 nm 194.1 THz
1542.94 nm 194.3 THz
1541.35 nm 194.5 THz
1539.77 nm 194.7 THz
1538.19 nm 194.9 THz
1535.04 nm 195.3 THz

1536.61 nm 195.1 THz

1533.47 nm 195.5 THz
1531.90 nm 195.7 THz
1530.33 nm 195.9 THz
1528.77 nm 196.1 THz

DWDM for Optical Converged Transport

Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing
Any signal from 16Mbps to 10Gbps

DWDM wavelengths

TDM
O/E/O
GigE
O/E/O
ESCON

DWDM Fiber
O/E/O

Other
O/E/O

Non-DWDM In, such as:

Ethernet: GbE, 10GE LAN, WAN PHY
fiber Channel, FICON, ESCON, ISL,
ISC3
SONET, ATM, FDDI
D1 video, DV6000, HDTV
SD/ HD/ 3G Video Signal

DWDM Out
Each input turns into
a colored wavelength

DWDM combines various optical streams into one fiber

Working of SDH over DWDM Ring

>Switch/Router
/Modem/Ethern
et

SDH

DWD
M

DWD
M

>Switch/Router
/Modem/Ethern
et

SDH

DWDM
SDH
SDH

Nortel OM 5200
STM1-OME 6110

DWDM

DWDM

DWDM

STM4-OM 4150/OME 6130

>Switch/Router /
Modem/Ethernet

SDH

Optera Metro 5200 General Overview

Flexible architecture
OADM, rings, mesh or

hub,Interconnected rings
Unidirectional/bi-directional
architecture

Field Proven Metro Optics

32 wavelengths in C-Band
16 wavelengths in L-Band
Optimised DWDM/CWDM solutions

for both short reach & amplified

networks 0-600km

Ring
Pt to Pt

Richest Service offering

16Mb to 10G, Support for multiple

services

Forecast tolerant solution

Low first in cost, low incremental

Mesh

costs

Simplified Network Planning

Proven Reliability
15,000 NEs deployed Globally

#1 market share 5 years in a row!

(Source DellOro Group)

Hub

Optera Metro 5200 Optics

OM 5200 Basic Architecture

OMX Filters

West Ring
Interface
Core/Line DWDM I/Fs
E/O Conversion
ITU Grid Compliance

Channel or Band

O
C
L
D

O
C
L
D

O
C
L
D

Switch Matrix

Any Bit rate/Protocol

O
C
L
D

O
C
L
D

O
C
L
D

O
C
L
D

O
C
I

O
C
I

O
C
I

East Ring
Interface

Channel or Band

OCM

Protection,
Drop & Continue

Client/Access
Adaptation, Sub
Rate Muxing (SRM)

OMX Filters

O
C
I

O
C
I

O
C
I

O
C
I

O
C
I

O
T
R
/
M
O
T
R

O
T
R
/
M
O
T
R

OTR (Transponder)
MOTR (Muxponder)
Combines OCI/OCLD
For enhanced
Shelf density

>OMX

>OMX
>DWDM Signals
>Channel/Band

>Channel/Band

>West ring interface

>East ring interface

>
>O
O
C
C

>
>O
O
C
C

>
>O
O
C
C

>
>O
O
C
C

>
>O
O
C
C

>
>O
O
C
C

>
>O
O
C
C

>
>O
O
C
C

L
L
D
D

L
L
D
D

L
L
D
D

L
L
D
D

L
L
D
D

L
L
D
D

L
L
D
D

L
L
D
D

>Core Line interface

>Switch matrix
protection
ADD/DROP

>Client access
>SDH/ATM Switch/router

>A

>
B

OCM

>
>O
O
C
C

>
>O
O
C
C

>
>O
O
C
C

>
>O
O
C
C

>
>O
O
C
C

>
>O
O
C
C

II

II

II

II

II

II

>SDH/ATM Switch/ro

Optera Metro 5200 Optics

Logical Signal Flow

OPTera Metro 5200

Client
OCI

Shelf
Backplane

OCM
OCM

Shelf
Backplane

Outside Plant

OCLD
OMX

OTR/MOTR
Optical

Electrical

Optical

An OTR/MOTR does not use the OCM (crossconnect) in the 5200. Customer signals are
mapped directly from the client port to the DWDM
port, all on a single card.
OCIs, OLCDs, OTRs, and MOTR cards can all be
mixed within a single shelf.

Optera Metro 5200

West Side
East Side
Components
OCI/OCLD/OTR
cards

Maintenance panel
OCI/OCLD/OTR cards
Shelf Processor
OSC Card

OCM cards

OCI/OCLD/OTR cards

OCI/OCLD/OTR
cards

Fiber Management
Cooling unit
West
East
19

16 slots to house any service interface: client or line cards

(OCI, OCLD, OTR, MOTR)

OMX Drawers

Optera Metro 5200 Commons

Optical Metro 5200 Maintenance Panel

The maintenance panel faceplate has Telcordia-compliant:
fault indicators
alarm indicator lamps
alarm cut-off control
connectors for Ethernet and RS-232 interfaces
electrical breakers for redundant power feeds
Ground
point

COTEL
Card

OMX
Interface

Power

VAC

RS-232 ports

ESD
Jack

Where
Used

10Base-T
ports

Integrated part of the OM5200 shelf, located

directly above service slots.

Optera Metro 5200 Commons

Optical Metro 5200 Cooling unit

Two fans in the cooling unit draw air through the front of the
shelf to cool the OPTera Metro 5200 circuit packs. The air
exits through the top back of the shelf.

Both the air filter and the cooling unit are field-replaceable. If
a fan fails the cooling unit must be replaced. You cannot
replace individual fans.

Air Flow

Where
Used

Integrated part of the OM5200 shelf, located

directly below the fiber trough.

Optera
Metro
5100/
Enhanced Shelf
Processor
(eSP)
5200 Commons
The eSP provides the following:

Local management
Alarm consolidation and telemetry connections
Software and configuration management
Shelf visibility
Performance monitoring
Inventory control for the shelf
System communication
Protection switch control for OTR circuit packs
The Enhanced SP is required for securing the
Internet Protocol communications through IPsec

eSP
(1 slot)

Where
Used

One eSP circuit pack is required on each

Optical Metro 5200 shelf in slot 19

Optera
Metro
5100/
Optical Channel
Manager
(OCM)
5200 Commons

The Optical Channel Manager (OCM) circuit packs bridge the

data channel between the Optical Channel Interface (OCI)
circuit packs and the Optical Channel Laser Detector (OCLD)
circuit packs through the backplane
Has no external connectors
Stores shelf database
The OCM circuit pack does
path protection switching in
the Optical Metro 5200
network
Switches if there is an
optical fiber cut, shelf failure
or performance degradation

OCM
(1 slot)

Where
Used

Two OCM circuit packs are required on each

Optical Metro 5200 shelf in slots 9 and 10.

Pigtails
Or
Jumpers

Optera
Metro 5100/
Filler Card
5200 Commons
The filler card is installed in slots on
the Optical Metro 5100/5200 shelf
that do not have active circuit packs
Blank Filler card

Where
Used
Filler
(1 slot)

All Vacant Slots

OM 5200 Card Overview

SP/eSP
Filler
OSCup
CardsOCM
Supported

OTR

OCI 11.00
to Release

OFA / APBE

OCLD

MOTR

OCLD

OCLD

OCI SRM
OCI

OCI Optical Channel Interface

Client signals

Optera Metro 5200 Optics

1
2
3
4

OM5200
OM5200
OMX
OMX

Optical Channel Interface OCI

Connects to customers subtending equipment

Protocol & bit rate independent
O E conversion of incoming customer signal
E O conversion of outgoing customer signal
Supports both single-mode fiber and multi-mode fiber
Performs full clock recovery for jitter reduction (3R System)
fiber Channel extension solution - allowing data centers to
be 900 km apart at full rate and 5400 km apart for STS3c/STM-1 sub-rate

OCI
(1 slot)

SRM
(1 slot)

ESCON
(1 slot)

GE/FC
(1 slot)

Where
Used

One OCI card is used per client signal. One

SRM card is used for multiple client signals.
OCIs may be placed in any slot, 1-8 and 11-18.

Optera Metro 5200 Optics

OCI cards: Protocol/bit rate independence

SRM
OM5000

Universal
Optical
Interfaces

OCI 1.25 Gbit/s (1310 nm)

ETR
Asynch FOTS (150, 565 Mbit/s)
ATM OC-1/3
D1 Video
Fast Ethernet
FDDI
fiber Channel
FICON
Gigabit Ethernet
ESCON
OC-1, OC-3/STM-1
SRM-125

OCI 1.25 Gbit/s (850 nm)

fiber Channel
FICON
Gigabit Ethernet

OM5000

OM5000
OM5000

OCI 622 Mbit/s

(1310 nm)
Any protocol between
50 Mbit/s - 622 Mbit/s

OCI ISC (1310 nm)

ISC
Gigabit Ethernet

OCI SONET/SDH
IR (1310 nm)
ATM OC-3/12/48
OC-3/12/48/STM-1/4/16

4:1 Agile 1310 nm LC SRM

(up to 270 Mbit/s)
Asynch FOTS (150, 565 Mbit/s)
ATM OC-1/3
D1 Video
DVB-ASI
Fast Ethernet
FDDI
fiber Channel
GLink
ESCON
OC-1, OC-3/STM-1

8:1 ESCON SRM

200 Mbit/s per port

2:1 GE/FC Enhanced SRM

(850 or 1310 nm)
fiber Channel, FICON
GbE

4:1 SONET/SDH SRM

OC-3/STM-1 per port and/or
OC-12/STM-4 per port

Optera Metro 5200 Optics

OCLD Optical Channel Laser Detector

The OCLD provides DWDM interfaces for line optics

OCLD
(1 slot)

functionally
Supports rates from 8 Mbit/s to 2.5 Gbit/s, and is used
in conjunction with the OCI and OCI SRM cards.
Receives electrical client signal from the backplane via
OCM.
Converts electrical signal to optical DWDM wavelength
Output connects to Std OMX via FC pigtail and
Enhanced OMX via SC jumper
Card options: C-band (32 ch.), L-band (16 ch.), CWDM
(8 ch.), ITU CWDM (8 ch.) or CPL (36 ch.)
Where
Used

One OCLD card is used per OCI/SRM card.

OCLDs may be placed in any slot, 1-8 and 11-18.

Optera Metro 5200 Optics

OFA (Optical fiber Amplifier)

Provide protocol and bit-rate independent optical
amplification of the wavelengths for the C-band or Lband
Provide receive and transmit optical interfaces to the
Optical Metro 5200 ring for the C-band or L-band
Provide a backplane interface common to the Optical
Metro 5200 network
Provide the common S-Bus software and hardware
interface to allow intercard communications within the
shelf
Output power is the same for both VGA and HIP but the
input power for the VGA is -2 dBm compared to -7 dBm
for the HIP which give the HIP an overall higher gain
The VGA has a lower OSNR than the HIP which allows
for a greater number of amplifiers that can be cascaded

Variable Gain
Amplifier (VGA)
(3 slot)

High Input
Power (HIP)
Amplifier
(4 slot)

Where
Used

Amplifiers are housed in standard

OM5200 shelves. Line interfaces are SC.
Recommended slots 4, 8, 14 and 18

Optera Metro 5200 Optics

OFA (Optical Fiber Amplifier)

Site A

Site B
Post Amp

Site C
Pre Amp

Line Amp

OADM
Pre Amp

OADM
Post Amp

OFAs are used to boost signals that have degraded over some distance of
fiber. This degradation is due to the properties of the fiber itself and is referred
to as attenuation. Amplification is generally less expensive than regeneration
of each signal. These OFA cards are housed in a separate OPTera Metro 5200
shelf than traffic terminating shelves.
Post Amps are placed just after an OADM transmitter
Line Amps are in a span between OAMD sites
Pre Amps are placed just prior to an OADM receiver
Optical Seams Optical seams are required in all optically amplified networks.
These seams are used to break the optical path around a ring to prevent
destruction of component on the ring through noise feedback. Optical seams
are inserted in DWDM networks through the use of regenerators. SONET
devices are inherently optical seams and no need for special precaution to
ensure an optical seam is inserted.
The OFA icon indicates the direction of the signal flow

Optera Metro 5200 Optics

APBE (Active Per Band Equalizer)

APBEs provide centralized power management for C-band or L-band traffic
in an amplified network
Band demultiplexing filters to split the incoming optical signals into four
bands
Provides optical power control at the band level
Four electronic variable optical attenuators (eVOAs) to control the optical
power of the bands
Couplers to recombine bands after attenuation
Optical power monitoring on the input and output signal for each band
without affecting traffic
Optical power monitoring on the aggregate output signal
Signal power can be remotely attenuated using the Optical Metro 5200
System Manager, or through a TL1 interface
Performance monitoring

APBE
(2 slot)

Where
Used

Generally one APBE per OFA. C and L Band APBE resides in

slots 1 to 8 and 11 to 18, LC connectorized.

Optera Metro 5200 Optics

C&L Splitter/Coupler

The C&L splitter/coupler tray contains optical filters that split the
wavelengths in the C-Band from the wavelength in the L-Band, and
recombines the bands into one signal. The C&L splitter/coupler can
be deployed anywhere in the network (OADM, terminal, or OFA sites)
where you need to separate the C-band from the L-band

Where
Used

C&L Splitter/Coupler tray is 1 Rack Unit and installed in the next

highest position in the rack, first rack only.

Optera Metro 5200 Optics

OSC and C&L Splitter Application

OPTera Metro 5200 OFA Shelf
32 Channels

Channels
17-32

32 Channels
+OSC Channel
OSC
Splitter

L Amp

Channels
17-32

32 Channels
32 Channels
+OSC Channel

C&L
Splitter

C&L
Splitter

Outside
Plant

OSC
Splitter
Outside
Plant

C Amp
Channels
1-16
OSC Channel

Channels
1-16
OSC
Card

OSC Channel
Unidirectional shown for simplicity

Where
Used

The C&L splitter is required to direct the correct channels to the

appropriate amplifier or ADMs. The OSC splitter is use to direct
the OSC channel to the OSC card for communications with a site.

Optical Multiplexer (OMX)

OCI OCM OCLD OMX

Performs Optical Add Drop MUXing (OADM)

OMX Types:
DWDM (200GHz, 100GHz): OMX 4CH Enhanced, OMX 16CH
CWDM (200GHz, 100GHz): OMX 1CH, OMX 4CH
ITU CWDM: OMX 4CH, OMX 8CH, OMX 1CH OADM, OMX 4CH OADM

Contains Tx and Rx fiber pigtails for connecting to OCLD/OTR/MOTR

circuit packs
Completely passive OADM devices
Auto-detected and auto-provisioned by shelfs SP

Where
Used

Each is 1 Rack Unit and placed below the shelf it

supports. One unit for East and one for West direction.

Optera Metro 5200 Optics

4 Chnl OMX

OCI OCM OCLD OMX

Pass-Through
Wavelengths

OM5200 Cabled Layout

O
S
C

L-BAND

West
OSP

O
S
C

C
&
L

C
&
L

O
S
C

East
OSP

C-BAND
The numbered squares in the middle represent OMXs. The number
indicates the Band. The C&L splitter/coupler must be used to split the
OMXs into the two bands. Amplifiers and APBEs may be added in any of
the locations shown.

Hub-and-Spoke Access Star

Dual-Homed Access Star

Point-to-Point Link

OM5200
Core Ring

OM5100
Access Star

Interconnected Ring

Hubbed Access Ring

Dual-Homed Access Ring

OM5100
Access Ring

OM5200
Core Ring

OM5100
Access Star

OM5100
Access Ring

OM5200
Core Ring