Energy
Energy
Energy
RANJEET KUMAR
GCT/110781
Why do we need energy ?
Transportation
Heating homes
Cooking
Power machinery used for agriculture,
industry/business, homes.
History of Energy Usage
Fire
Muscle power from
animals
Wind & water usage
Steam engines powered by
wood fires
Steam engines powered by
coal
Now we use oil more
because it is easier to ship,
store & burn.
Energy Sources
Primary Energy sources-
Fossil fuels (oil, natural gas, coal)
Nuclear energy
Falling water, geothermal, solar
Secondary Energy sources-
Sources derived from a primary source like
Electricity
Gasoline
Alcohol fuels (gasohol)
World Energy Production
How is energy lost ?
About of all primary energy is lost when converted to more
useful forms
Coal
66% is lost to thermal conversion when energy in coal is
converted to electricity.
10% is lost when transmitted at home.
Oil
75% lost during distillation, transportation, storage,
combustion in vehicles
Natural Gas
10% lost in shipping & processing
Most efficient and least polluting (has more H than C so
produces less CO2 when burned so contributes less to
global warming.)
Problems with Fossil Fuels
Non-renewable
At projected consumption
rates, natural gas &
petroleum will be depleted
by the end of the 21st century
Impurities are major source of
pollution
SO2 travels on air currents &
falls with precipitate as acid
rain
Mercury bio-accumulates &
biomagnifies thru ecosystems
when it travels on air
currents and fall as
particulate dust or with
precipitation elsewhere.
Burning fossil fuels produces
large amounts of CO2, which
contributes to global warming.
TYPES OF FOSSIL FUELS