Functions in Administration

Administrative
Functions
Mistal, Kristel Anne P.
BSSW II
Planning
A plan is a course of action for
reaching a goal beginning now or at
any predetermined time in the future.
Planning is the process of anticipating
goals and targets and then preparing
a pal for reaching them.
A plan may be short range/ medium
term or long range/ medium term, or
long range/ long term.
Reasons of Planning
1. Efficiency- This means to achieve goals
with a minimum of cost and effect.
2. Effectiveness- this means to achieve the
desired result which is to help people in
need
3. Accountability- Planning is needed for
evaluation and accountability to the
public, to families and to the clients.
4. Morale- Every staff needs to understand
exactly what to do and how to do the
job.
Types of Plans
1. Substantive Plan
This plan is designed to achieve program
objectives. It class for the formulation of
broad issues confronting the program.
2. Procedural Plan
this plan is designed fro the
organizational structure within which are
embodied the various administrative
mechanisms such as rules, guidelines
and alike.
Essential Planning
Elements
1. Goal or the what
2. Resuorces, means, procedures, and
the methods or the how
3. People involved in achieving the
goals or the who
4. Method of evaluation and review
5. Conditions under which the plan
will be implemented
Organizing
Organizing is the function of
administration that involves
developing an organizational
structure and allocating human
resources to ensure the
accomplishment of objectives.
The structure of the organization is
the framework within which effort is
coordinated.
Organizing
The structure is usually represented

by an organization chart, which
provides a graphic representation of
the chain of command within an
organization. Decisions made about
the structure of an organization are
generally referred to as
organizational design decisions.
Models of Organization
Bureaucratic- this is the form of
organization which can be seen as a
pyramid, that is, there is one
authority on the top and base is
under. The chain of command,
therefore, is from top to bottom.
Democratic- this is a form of
organization where employees
participate and share in decision-
making policy-making, and so forth.
Models of Organization
Adhocracy- this modified
organizational structure is a blend of
the bureaucratic and democratic
characteristics.
Collegial- this model, emphasizes
the group of professional
colleagues organized in a
collaborative lifestyle that prizes
well-used channels of
communication.
Leading
Leading involves the social and
informal sources of influence that
you use to inspire action taken by
others. If managers are effective
leaders, their subordinates will be
enthusiastic about exerting effort to
attain organizational objectives.
Leading
The behavioral sciences have made
many contributions to understanding
this function of management.
Personality research and studies of
job attitudes provide important
information as to how managers can
most effectively lead subordinates.
For example, this research tells us
that to become effective at leading,
managers must first understand
their subordinates personalities,
Controlling
Controlling involves ensuring that
performance does not deviate from
standards.
Controlling consists of three steps,
which include (1) establishing
performance standards, (2)
comparing actual performance
against standards, and (3) taking
corrective action when necessary.
Controlling
This function does not imply that
managers should attempt to control
or to manipulate the personalities,
values, attitudes, or emotions of their
subordinates. Instead, this function of
management concerns the managers
role in taking necessary actions to
ensure that the work-related activities
of subordinates are consistent with
and contributing toward the
accomplishment of organizational and
departmental objectives.
Controlling
Effective controlling requires the
existence of plans, since planning
provides the necessary performance
standards or objectives. Controlling
also requires a clear understanding of
where responsibility for deviations
from standards lies.
The administrative functions of
planning, organizing, leading, and
controlling are widely considered to
be the best means of describing the
administrators job, as well as the
best way to classify accumulated
knowledge about the study of
administration. Although there have
been tremendous changes in the
environment faced by administrations
and the tools used by administrators
to perform their roles, managers still

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The structure is usually represented

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