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    Heaters Exchangers Designs & Equipment

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    anil kumar
    A heat exchanger transfers energy from one fluid to another by allowing the fluids to pass through separate channels in the heat exchanger while maintaining separation between the fluids. Heat exchangers come in different designs depending on their application and the required heat transfer area. The most common type is the shell and tube heat exchanger, which consists of a shell containing a bundle of tubes, allowing one fluid to pass through the tubes and the other through the shell to transfer heat between the two fluids through the walls of the tubes. Proper baffling and flow configuration is important for efficient heat transfer in shell and tube exchangers.

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    Heaters Exchangers Designs & Equipment

    Uploaded by

    anil kumar
    30 views22 pages
    A heat exchanger transfers energy from one fluid to another by allowing the fluids to pass through separate channels in the heat exchanger while maintaining separation between the fluids. Heat exchangers come in different designs depending on their application and the required heat transfer area. The most common type is the shell and tube heat exchanger, which consists of a shell containing a bundle of tubes, allowing one fluid to pass through the tubes and the other through the shell to transfer heat between the two fluids through the walls of the tubes. Proper baffling and flow configuration is important for efficient heat transfer in shell and tube exchangers.

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    A heat exchanger transfers energy from one fluid to another by allowing the fluids to pass through separate channels in the heat exchanger while maintaining separation between the fluids. Heat exchangers come in different designs depending on their application and the required heat transfer area. The most common type is the shell and tube heat exchanger, which consists of a shell containing a bundle of tubes, allowing one fluid to pass through the tubes and the other through the shell to transfer heat between the two fluids through the walls of the tubes. Proper baffling and flow configuration is important for efficient heat transfer in shell and tube exchangers.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    30 views22 pages

    Heaters Exchangers Designs & Equipment

    Uploaded by

    anil kumar
    A heat exchanger transfers energy from one fluid to another by allowing the fluids to pass through separate channels in the heat exchanger while maintaining separation between the fluids. Heat exchangers come in different designs depending on their application and the required heat transfer area. The most common type is the shell and tube heat exchanger, which consists of a shell containing a bundle of tubes, allowing one fluid to pass through the tubes and the other through the shell to transfer heat between the two fluids through the walls of the tubes. Proper baffling and flow configuration is important for efficient heat transfer in shell and tube exchangers.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 22

    Heaters Exchangers Designs &

    EQUIPMENT
    A 'heat exchanger' may be defined as an
    equipment which transfers the energy from a hot
    fluid to a cold fluid. Here, the process of heating or
    cooling occurs. In heat exchangers the temperature
    of each fluid changes as it passes through the
    exchangers.
    What are heat exchanger for?
    To get the fluid streams to the right
    temperature for the next process
    To condense vapors
    To evaporate liquids
    To recover heat to use else where
    To reject low grade heat
    To drive a power cycle
    General design of heat exchange equipment :
    The design of heat exchange equipment is based on
    general principles.

    From mass and energy balance HT area is


    calculated.

    Quantities to be evaluated are U,LMTD.

    Insimple devices these quantities can be calculated


    accurately but in complex processing units the
    evaluation may be difficult and the final design is
    always a compromise based on engineering
    judgment to give best overall performance.
    TYPES OF HEAT EXCHANGERS:
    1.Doble pipe heat exchangers:
    Itconsists of concentric pipes with standard return
    bends.
    One fluid flows through inside metal pipe and the
    second fluid flows through the annulus between the
    outside pipe and inside pipe.
    The flow directions may be either parallel or counter
    fashions.
    These exchangers are used when heat transfer area
    required is not more than 150 sq.ft
    Figure 1: a. Simple tube-within-a-tube counterflow heat exchanger.
    b. Shell-and-tube heat exchanger with segmental baffles: two-
    tube-passes-one-shell pass
    Shell and tube heat exchanger :
    The simple double pipe heat exchanger is inadequate
    for large flow rates. If several double pipes are used
    in parallel, the weight of metal required for the outer
    tubes becomes so large.
    When large areas are required we go for shell and
    tube heat exchangers.
    It is the most common type of heat exchanger in oil
    refineries and other large chemical processes.
    Shell and tube heat exchanger consists of a
    shell with a bundle of tubes inside it.
    One fluid flows through the tubes (the tube
    side) and the other fluid flows outside the
    tubes but inside the shell (the shell side).
    Heat is transferred from one fluid to the other
    through the tube walls, either from tube side to
    shell side or vice versa.
    The fluids can be either liquids or gases on
    either the shell or the tube side.
    Shell-and-Tube Heat Exchanger (Single Pass)
    (Condenser/Evaporation)

    Compactness?
    Material Weight Minimization?
    Reduction of Manufacturing Cost?
    Shell-and-Tube Heat Exchanger (Single Pass)
    Assembly of the Core of a Shell-and-Tube Heat Exchanger

    baffels

    Figure 2: Heat exchanger tube bundle with baffles (courtesy of the


    Aluminum Company of America)
    Construction and parts:

    Shell:
    It is usually a cylindrical casing through which one of
    the fluid flows. Shell is commonly made of carbon
    steel. The minimum thickness of shell made of carbon
    steel varies from 5 mm to 11 mm depending upon the
    diameter.
    TUBE:
    The wall thickness of tubes is usually expressed in
    terms of Birmingham Wire Gauge (BWG).
    Standard lengths of tubes for heat exchanger
    construction are 8, 12, 16 and 20 ft.
    Tube sheet:
    It is essentially a flat circular plate. A large
    number of holes are drilled in the tube sheet
    according to the pitch requirements.
    Baffles: 25% cutoff baffles
    The baffles are installed in the shell
    1) To increase the rate of heat transfer
    by increasing the velocity and
    turbulence of the shell side fluid
    2) It helps as structural supports for
    tubes and dampers against vibration.
    3) The baffles cause the fluid to flow
    through shell at right angles to the
    axes of the tubes (Cross flow). They
    promote cross flow
    Baffle Types in
    Shell-and-Tube
    Heat Exchangers

    Figure 4: Three types of baffles used in shell-and-tube heat


    exchangers:
    a. orifice baffle, b. disk-and-doughnut baffle
    Figure 4: Three types of baffles used in shell-and-tube heat
    exchangers:
    c. segmental baffle
    THANK YOU

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