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    Theory 1poultry Industry

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    Ramesh Beniwal
    The document discusses the history and growth of the Indian poultry industry. It details how chicken domestication began over 5000 years ago. The commercialization of the industry began in the 1950s with the introduction of hybrid egg and broiler strains from other countries. Genetic improvements have led to higher egg production and faster growth rates. Key factors enabling the industry's commercialization include poultry's high prolificacy, short generation interval, adaptability, high stocking density compatibility, and minimal land and water requirements.

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    Theory 1poultry Industry

    Uploaded by

    Ramesh Beniwal
    830 views15 pages
    The document discusses the history and growth of the Indian poultry industry. It details how chicken domestication began over 5000 years ago. The commercialization of the industry began in the 1950s with the introduction of hybrid egg and broiler strains from other countries. Genetic improvements have led to higher egg production and faster growth rates. Key factors enabling the industry's commercialization include poultry's high prolificacy, short generation interval, adaptability, high stocking density compatibility, and minimal land and water requirements.

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    Theory 1Poultry Industry

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    The document discusses the history and growth of the Indian poultry industry. It details how chicken domestication began over 5000 years ago. The commercialization of the industry began in the 1950s with the introduction of hybrid egg and broiler strains from other countries. Genetic improvements have led to higher egg production and faster growth rates. Key factors enabling the industry's commercialization include poultry's high prolificacy, short generation interval, adaptability, high stocking density compatibility, and minimal land and water requirements.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    830 views15 pages

    Theory 1poultry Industry

    Uploaded by

    Ramesh Beniwal
    The document discusses the history and growth of the Indian poultry industry. It details how chicken domestication began over 5000 years ago. The commercialization of the industry began in the 1950s with the introduction of hybrid egg and broiler strains from other countries. Genetic improvements have led to higher egg production and faster growth rates. Key factors enabling the industry's commercialization include poultry's high prolificacy, short generation interval, adaptability, high stocking density compatibility, and minimal land and water requirements.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 15

    Indian Poultry Industry

    TANUVAS, 2011
    Introduction

    Growth of Poultry Industry


    History of Domestication
    Strength / Achievements of Poultry Industry
    Genetic potentiality Hybrid Layers & Broilers
    Factors responsible for commercialization of
    Poultry

    TANUVAS, 2011
    HISTORY OF DOMESTICATION CONTD..

    Chicken -Most numerous and popular among the domesticated poultry


    species and account for 92 per cent of the total poultry.
    Chicken has also received more attention in India's planning, research and
    developmental process.
    India's chicken industry of today is not only vibrant and self reliant but is
    one of the best in the world.
    Ducks - 7 per cent of poultry population and are mostly found in coastal
    states of the country and in states with more lakes and rivers like West
    Bengal, Orissa, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Assam, Jammu &
    Kashmir and Tripura.
    Duck raising - primitive stage and indigenous ducks outnumber exotic ducks
    in spite of their inferior performance.
    Quail eggs and meat have also become popular. Growth of quail farming is
    progressing but the progress is slow due to insistence on wild life licensing,
    high cost of production and non-availability of superior quail germplasm.
    Turkey, Guinea fowl farming, Emu and Ostrich farming are in their infancy
    and has good potential for commercial exploitation.

    TANUVAS, 2011
    Growth of Poultry Industry
    Scientific Poultry keeping in India - first advocated by Christian
    Missionaries towards the beginning of the 20th Century A.D.
    Organized effort to develop poultry in India was first started in
    1957 when second five year plan (1956-61) was launched.
    Hybrid egger strains were introduced into India in 1955 and
    broiler strains in 1961.
    An All India Poultry development Project was initiated by setting
    up of regional poultry farms at Bangalore, Mumbai, Bhuvaneswar,
    Delhi and Simla to acclimatize imported good quality stock under
    their respective agro-climatic conditions to propagate them
    extensively in these regions.
    The period between II and IV Five-Year plan was actually the
    turning point in the history of poultry industry in India.

    TANUVAS, 2011
    Growth of Poultry Industry contd

    Central Poultry Breeding Farms at Mumbai, Bhuvaneswar and


    Hasserghatta -produced high egg producing strains and
    Chandigarh farm has evolved fast growing broiler strains
    Random Sample units at Hasserghatta, Mumbai and Bhuvaneswar
    - conducting egg laying and broiler quality test -provided useful
    information to poultry farmers and breeders regarding the
    performance of various stocks available in the country.
    Central Training Institute for poultry production and management
    at Hasserghatta and also CARI at Izatnagar - imparting training to
    the officers of the SAU and Veterinary Universities engaged in
    various aspects of poultry farming.
    ICAR-All India coordinated research projects on poultry breeding
    and poultry nutrition in number of research institutes including
    Agricultural and Veterinary Universities of the country.
    NAFED - marketing of egg and poultry meat at national and
    regional levels

    TANUVAS, 2011
    HISTORY OF DOMESTICATION

    Historical and Archaeological evidences reveal that chickens


    were domesticated during 5400 B.C., though distribution
    throughout the world occurred only from times of the Indus
    Valley culture during 2500 -2100 B.C.
    Commercial exploitation of chickens and other domesticated
    birds is very recent which started with the application of
    scientific principles in breeding for improving the meat and
    egg production potential of birds.
    Poultry meat and eggs have now become easily available
    protein in the diet of the people.
    "Poultry" - all domesticated species of birds like chicken,
    ducks, turkeys, Japanese quail, guinea fowls, geese, pigeons,
    ostrich, emu etc.,

    TANUVAS, 2011
    HISTORY OF DOMESTICATION CONTD..

    Chicken -Most numerous and popular among the domesticated poultry


    species and account for 92 per cent of the total poultry.
    Chicken has also received more attention in India's planning, research and
    developmental process.
    India's chicken industry of today is not only vibrant and self reliant but is one
    of the best in the world.
    Ducks - 7 per cent of poultry population and are mostly found in coastal
    states of the country and in states with more lakes and rivers like West
    Bengal, Orissa, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Assam, Jammu & Kashmir
    and Tripura.
    Duck raising - primitive stage and indigenous ducks outnumber exotic ducks in
    spite of their inferior performance.
    Quail eggs and meat have also become popular. Growth of quail farming is
    progressing but the progress is slow due to insistence on wild life licensing,
    high cost of production and non-availability of superior quail germplasm.
    Turkey, Guinea fowl farming, Emu and Ostrich farming are in their infancy and
    has god potential for commercial exploitation.

    TANUVAS, 2011
    Strength / Achievements of Poultry Industry

    Improved Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR), quality control, upgraded


    management.
    New feed milling technologies.
    Purchase of feed raw materials and supply of better quality materials.
    Better breeding stocks.
    Rationalised pricing of breeder and commercial stocks.
    Pelleted feeds with increasing market share.
    Availability of feed additives viz. enzyme, probiotics.
    Positive role of Integrators and corporates in industry.
    Distribution of feed units in all regions.
    Increase in percentage of processed foods.
    Marketing of branded eggs.
    Tapping of export potentials.
    Advancement in disease diagnosis and screening procedures.

    TANUVAS, 2011
    Genetic potentiality Hybrid Layers & Broilers

    Improvement in genetic potentiality and productivity of


    hybrid layers and broilers accounted for 60 per cent of the
    increase in production of egg and meat
    Hybrid layers of today lay on an average of 310 eggs per
    year compared to 240-250 eggs 30 years back.
    Genetic improvement in broilers
    Broilers which achieved mean body weight of 1500 g at
    8 weeks of age with FCR of around 3.0 during early eighties
    of 20th century attain 1.8-2.0 kg mean body weight with a
    FCR of 1.6-1.8 at present in about 35 days of age
    India 3rd largest producer of eggs in the world next only
    to China and USA.
    Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra, Haryana and Tamil Nadu are
    the major egg producing states that account for more than
    60 per cent of the eggs produced in the country.
    India ranks 4th in the world in respect of poultry meat
    production with the highest production recorded for USA
    followed by China, Brazil and Mexico in that order

    TANUVAS, 2011
    Factors responsible for commercialization of Poultry

    Highly prolific in nature


    Shorter generation interval (i.e.) in chicken, about 2
    generations are obtained in a year
    It is adaptable to various agro-climatic conditions, i.e.
    chicken can be reared at temperatures as low as 0oC and as
    high as 40oC
    Chicken can be reared under high stocking density (number
    of birds/unit area)
    Land required for poultry need not be fertile, further the
    water requirement is also less when compared to other
    species of livestock
    Poultry can be managed under varied systems and also it
    easily adapts to automation, enabling large numbers to be
    reared in one farm

    TANUVAS, 2011
    Factors responsible for commercialization of Poultry
    contd

    Poultry meat is the best lean meat suitable for sick and convalescing
    patients. It provides more than 20% protein and less than 3% fat; mutton,
    beef and pork contain more than 10% fat and less than 20% protein.
    Egg protein has the highest biological value and is easily digestible and 100%
    assimilable.
    Poultry meat and egg are food materials universally acceptable without
    being forbidden by any religious taboos
    Chicken are the most efficient converters of feed into meat and egg

    TANUVAS, 2011
    TANUVAS, 2011
    TANUVAS, 2011
    TANUVAS, 2011
    TANUVAS, 2011

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