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Lab Report

This document describes a method for extracting DNA from broccoli. The objectives are to extract and observe DNA from broccoli. The method involves blending broccoli to break open cells, adding soap to remove cell membranes, using enzyme powder to cut proteins, and adding alcohol to precipitate DNA out of solution. The resulting DNA strands can be seen rising into the alcohol layer, demonstrating successful extraction.

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JamriKallun
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
304 views

Lab Report

This document describes a method for extracting DNA from broccoli. The objectives are to extract and observe DNA from broccoli. The method involves blending broccoli to break open cells, adding soap to remove cell membranes, using enzyme powder to cut proteins, and adding alcohol to precipitate DNA out of solution. The resulting DNA strands can be seen rising into the alcohol layer, demonstrating successful extraction.

Uploaded by

JamriKallun
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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DNA EXTRACTION USING BROCCOLI

OBJECTIVES:
 To be able to extract DNA using broccoli
 To be able to observe the formation of
chromosome
INTRODUCTION

 DNA is a blueprint for life, everything living


organisms contains DNA.
 DNA isolation is one of the most basic and
essential techniques in the study of DNA.
 The extraction of DNA from cells and its
purification are of primary importance to the field
of biotechnology and forensics.
 Extraction and purification of DNA are the first steps
in the analysis and manipulation of DNA that allows
scientist to detect genetic disorders, produce DNA
fingerprints of individuals and even create
genetically engineered organisms that can
produce beneficial products such as insulin,
antibiotics, and hormones.
RESULT AND DISCUSSION
ACTIVITY: Blending of Broccoli

 Itis broken down by motion and physical force of


the blender.

 The blender separates the broccoli cells from


each other and therefore, through breaking
down into pieces, we would probably see
chromosomes.
ACTIVITY: Soapy Broccoli
 Soap molecules and grease molecules are made
of two parts: Heads, which like water and tails,
which hate water. Both soap and grease molecules
organize themselves in bubbles with their heads
outside to face the water and their tails inside to
hide from the water.

 These solutions break down and emulsify the fat


and protein that make up a cell membrane.
ACTIVITY: Enzyme Powder
 Mostcommon enzymes used in tenderizing
enzymes are Bromelian and Papain. These two
enzymes are extracted from pineapple and
papaya respectively. They are both proteases,
meaning they break apart proteins.
ACTIVITY: Alcohol Separation
 Ethanolis added because DNA is soluble in water.
The alcohol causes DNA to precipitate, or settle
out of the solution, leaving behind all the cellular
components that are not soluble in alcohol.

 Furthermore, DNA normally stays dissolved in


water, but when salty DNA comes in contact with
alcohol it becomes undissolved. This is called
precipitation. The physical force of DNA clumping
together as it precipitates pulls more strands with it
as it rises into the alcohol.
DISCUSSION
 Each
broccoli cell is still surrounded by cell
membrane.

 The
DNA is stored within this membrane so we must
remove the membrane to access DNA.

 Justas soap is able to remove dirt from your hands,


the detergent molecules surround particles in the
cell membrane to remove them.
 Without
the cell membrane the DNA is able to
remove freely within the liquid mixtures.

 Although
the DNA is no longer protected by the
cell membrane, it is still protected by proteins.

 Thepineapple juice contains enzymes which are


able to cut away the proteins and further expose
the DNA.
 When the alcohol is added, the protein and other
parts of all cell remain in the water layer, but the
DNA rises into the alcohol layer.

 Whitestringy stuff collected on the wooden stick is


the DNA
CONCLUSION
 The extraction of DNA from cell is often a first step
fro scientist who needed to obtain and study
gene.
 The application of the activity may lead for a
further studies such as;
 Gene Therapy
 Cloning
 Genetic Engineering
 DNA Recombinant

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