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    China

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    sumit kumar singh
    Humans have lived in China for at least 19,000 years, with farming beginning around 7,000 BCE. Early Chinese civilization developed along the Yellow River in dynasties like the Xia and Shang, who began keeping records. Confucianism and Daoism emerged as dominant philosophies. The Qin and Han dynasties unified much of China. The Silk Road opened trade with the West. Buddhism arrived in the 1st century CE. European powers gained control of China in the 19th century through treaties following the Opium Wars. A civil war in the 20th century resulted in a communist government under Mao Zedong on mainland China, while the nationalist government fled to Taiwan. Modern China

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    China

    Uploaded by

    sumit kumar singh
    18 views33 pages
    Humans have lived in China for at least 19,000 years, with farming beginning around 7,000 BCE. Early Chinese civilization developed along the Yellow River in dynasties like the Xia and Shang, who began keeping records. Confucianism and Daoism emerged as dominant philosophies. The Qin and Han dynasties unified much of China. The Silk Road opened trade with the West. Buddhism arrived in the 1st century CE. European powers gained control of China in the 19th century through treaties following the Opium Wars. A civil war in the 20th century resulted in a communist government under Mao Zedong on mainland China, while the nationalist government fled to Taiwan. Modern China

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    China ppt

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    Humans have lived in China for at least 19,000 years, with farming beginning around 7,000 BCE. Early Chinese civilization developed along the Yellow River in dynasties like the Xia and Shang, who began keeping records. Confucianism and Daoism emerged as dominant philosophies. The Qin and Han dynasties unified much of China. The Silk Road opened trade with the West. Buddhism arrived in the 1st century CE. European powers gained control of China in the 19th century through treaties following the Opium Wars. A civil war in the 20th century resulted in a communist government under Mao Zedong on mainland China, while the nationalist government fled to Taiwan. Modern China

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    18 views33 pages

    China

    Uploaded by

    sumit kumar singh
    Humans have lived in China for at least 19,000 years, with farming beginning around 7,000 BCE. Early Chinese civilization developed along the Yellow River in dynasties like the Xia and Shang, who began keeping records. Confucianism and Daoism emerged as dominant philosophies. The Qin and Han dynasties unified much of China. The Silk Road opened trade with the West. Buddhism arrived in the 1st century CE. European powers gained control of China in the 19th century through treaties following the Opium Wars. A civil war in the 20th century resulted in a communist government under Mao Zedong on mainland China, while the nationalist government fled to Taiwan. Modern China

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 33

    History of China

    Humans have been living


    in China since at least
    19,000 BCE
    Farming of grains begins
    approx 7,000 BCE, with
    rice and soybeans at
    5,000 BCE.
    Chinese history begins
    along the Yellow River
    (3,000 BCE).
    Cultural Hearth for East
    Asia
    Early civilization
    Earliest form of
    writing dates back
    to 5,500 BCE.
    Pictographic
    Later used in
    Chinese character
    symbols
    Early States of China
    Most early Chinese governments
    were Dynasties (ruled by a select few
    or royal family).
    Xia- (2100-1600BCE) Probably
    oldest, but poorly recorded or
    understood.
    Shang Dynasty- (1600-1046BCE)
    Known for keeping records on
    Oracle Bones
    Development of Chinese Pictograms
    Shang Dynasty
    Fought constant wars with
    nomads of the steppes
    Developed bronze as a metal
    Shang Zhou is the last Emperor-
    faces rebellion, commits suicide.
    Lost the “Mandate of Heaven”-
    fell out of favor with the Gods and
    could be replaced by the Gods.
    Zhou Dynasty- (1027-221BCE)
    Longest of the Chinese Dynasties
    Tended to weaken over time; rival
    warlords and governors created
    chaos and disorder
    Kung-fu Tzu (551-479BCE)
    Philosophy based on
    Relationships (Filial Piety)
    Proper rituals time the day
    Known as Confucianism
    Rise of Daoism
    Sometimes spelled Taoism
    Developed by Lao Tzu (600sBCE)
    Means “the Path” or “Way”
    Focus on nature, and living in
    harmony with nature
    Man is unhappy because he is
    unbalanced
    Live in moderation, simplicity,
    compassion
    Belief in spirits and many gods.
    Qin Dynasty (221-206BCE)
    Brutal warlords that unite much of
    northern China
    Legalism- EVERYTHING must be put
    into law, under the power of the
    Emperor.
    Qin: Ying Zheng became Shi Huangdi
    after uniting China- possibly crazy, built
    both the Great Wall of China and a
    Terra Cotta Army.
    Wanted to be immortal, and burned
    books and banned any ideas other than
    Legalism.
    Qin Accomplishments
    Han Dynasty (202BCE-220CE)

    Continue to unify
    China
    Open the Silk Route
    to the West.
    Confucianism
    becomes the
    dominant Chinese
    philosophy.
    The Silk Road
    Buddhism arrives in 1st Century
    Heated debates as to
    whether Buddhists should
    be allowed into China
    Granted in the 400’sCE.
    Becomes the dominant
    religion during the 600’CEs.
    Rise and fall of Chinese Dynasties
    Various families take control of
    China from 220-1211.
    Mongols invade in 1211-1376
    Ming Dynasty (1300’s-1644)are
    vast builders-
    Canals connecting the Rivers
    Completed the Great Wall
    Built a huge military Navy and
    Army.
    “Forbidden City”
    Ming Dynasty Construction
    Forbidden City
    The Ming Navy-
    Set out under Admiral He
    to explore the Indian and
    Pacific Oceans in 1403
    Visited and traded with
    Africa, India…and North
    America!
    So..why didn’t China colonize
    America?
    Think about and
    this and share with
    the class.
    So, why don’t we speak Chinese?
    After the death of Admiral He,
    money is diverted to other
    projects
    Conquest of Vietnam draws
    off troops and funds
    Court distrust of men like He
    (he’s Muslim)
    Mongol invasions in the North
    Results:
    Chinese ships pulled out of water; allowed to
    rot.
    Court records about He’s expeditions are
    burned.
    All trade with the outside world was cut.
    Canals were allowed to be filled.
    Other Ming innovations ended.
    End of the Ming Dynasty

    Europeans arrive in 1513


    Reign of Wan Li (1572-1620)
    Emperor withdraws into studying
    Confucianism
    Earthquakes, plagues, crop failure
    and economic collapse
    Manchu soldiers revolt; overthrow
    the Emperor
    Manchu Qing Dynasty
    (1644-1912)
    Will rule China until
    overthrown in the 20th
    Century
    “Queue Order”- get a
    haircut- on pain of death!
    Writing heavily censored
    Reigns are marked with
    serious rebellions
    Growing outside control of
    China
    Europeans gain control of China
    1793- China refuses to buy
    European goods; only wants
    silver, gold
    1838- Opium War
    1842- China surrenders; Treaty of
    Nanking open ports to Europeans
    Europeans divide China into
    Mandate areas
    “Boxer Rebellion” (1898-1901)
    Monarchy Overthrown (1911)

    Revolution is led by Dr. Sun Yat-


    Sen
    Republic of China declared
    Republic begins to dissolve into
    warlordoms
    Power passes to Nationalist and
    Communist Rivals
    Chinese Civil War
    Fought between 1927-1950
    Stopped during WWII (1937-45)
    Fought between General Chang Kai-Shek
    (Nationalists)
    Mao Tze Dung (Mao Zedong)- leading the
    Communists
    China & WWII (1937-45)
    Invaded by Japan in 1937
    Major war crimes
    committed by Japanese
    Liberated by Russian
    forces, 1945
    Allied nation during the
    War
    Member of the United
    Nations Security Council
    End of the Chinese Civil War
    Chang Kai-Shek’s Nationalists are defeated
    after WWII
    Flee to Formosa (Taiwan)
    China becomes a Communist People’s
    Republic of China
    Fights in the Korean War against the United
    Nations/United States
    China in Korean War
    Images of the Civil War
    Modern China
    China remains divided between Taiwan and
    Mainland China
    Chinese Communist Party remains in control of
    China
    Communism abandoned in the 1990’s- moving
    toward market economy
    Major industrial and financial leader today
    Own’s over half of the United States Debt.
    Modern China
    The world’s most
    populous country.
    In the 1870’s there
    was a terrible drought.
    Crops failed and
    people began to starve.
    10 million die of
    starvation.
    Modern China
    In the 1980’s, China became
    the first country to reach 1
    billion people.
    Feeding a huge population is
    challenging.
    China is working to achieve a
    zero population growth. This
    happens when a the number of
    births match the number of
    deaths each year.
    Modern China
    China is working to achieve a
    zero population growth. This
    happens when a country’s
    population stops growing.
    One-Child Policy
    implemented by Mao Zedong.
    Families receive benefits,
    including cash, for having just
    one child.

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