Ellipse
Ellipse
Ellipse
𝑑 𝐹1 , 𝑃 + 𝑑 𝐹2 , 𝑃 = 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡
Q
𝑑 𝐹1 , 𝑄 + 𝑑 𝐹2 , 𝑄 = 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡 = 𝑑 𝐹1 , 𝑃 + 𝑑 𝐹2 , 𝑃
Conic Sections – The Ellipse
Foci – the two fixed points, 𝐹1 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐹2 , whose distances from a single
point on the ellipse is a constant.
Major axis – the line that contains the foci and goes through the center
of the ellipse.
Vertices – the two points of
Foci
intersection of the ellipse and the
major axis, 𝑉1 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑉2 .
Minor axis – the line that
is perpendicular to the
major axis and goes
through the center of
the ellipse.
Major axis
Minor axis
Vertices
Conic Sections – The Ellipse
Ellipse
• General Rules
– x and y are both squared
– Equation always equals(=) 1
– Equation is always plus(+)
– a2 is always the biggest denominator
– c2 = a2 – b2
– c is the distance from the center to each foci on the
major axis
– The center is in the middle of the 2 vertices, the 2
covertices, and the 2 foci.
Conic Sections – The Ellipse
Ellipse
• General Rules
– a is the distance from the center to each vertex
on the major axis
– b is the distance from the center to each vertex
on the minor axis (co-vertices)
– Major axis has a length of 2a
– Minor axis has a length of 2b
– Eccentricity(e): e = c/a (The closer e gets to 0,
the closer it is to being circular)
Conic Sections – The Ellipse
Conic Sections – The Ellipse
Conic Sections – The Ellipse
Find the vertices for the major and minor axes, and the foci using the
following equation of an ellipse.
𝑥2 𝑦2
+ =1
25 9
Major axis is along the x-axis
Vertices of major axis:
𝑎2 = 25 𝑎 = ±5 −5,0 𝑎𝑛𝑑 (5,0)
Vertices of the minor axis
𝑏 2 = 9 𝑏 = ±3 0,3 𝑎𝑛𝑑 (0, −3)
Foci
𝑐2 = 𝑎2 − 𝑏2 𝑐2 = 25 − 9
𝑐 2 = 16 𝑐 = ±4
−4,0 𝑎𝑛𝑑 (4,0)
Section 7.3 – The Ellipse
Find the vertices for the major and minor axes, and the foci using the
following equation of an ellipse.
4𝑥 2 + 9𝑦 2 = 36
4𝑥 2 9𝑦 2 𝑥2 𝑦2
+ =1 + =1
36 36 9 4
Major axis is along the x-axis
Vertices of major axis:
𝑎2 = 9 𝑎 = ±3 −3,0 𝑎𝑛𝑑 (3,0)
Vertices of the minor axis
𝑏 2 = 4 𝑏 = ±2 0,2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 (0, −2)
Foci
𝑐 2 = 𝑎2 − 𝑏 2 𝑐2 = 9 − 4
𝑐2 = 5 𝑐=± 5
− 5, 0 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ( 5, 0)
Conic Sections – The Ellipse
Find the equation of an ellipse given a vertex of 0,12 and a focus of
(−2 11). Graph the ellipse.
Vertices of major axis:
0,12 𝑎𝑛𝑑 (0, −12)
Vertices of the minor axis
𝑎 = ±12 𝑎2 = 144
𝑐 = ±2 11 𝑐 2 = 44
𝑏 2 = 𝑎2 − 𝑐 2
𝑏 2 = 144 − 44
𝑏 2 = 100 𝑏 = ±10
−10,0 𝑎𝑛𝑑 (10,0)
𝑥2 𝑦2 𝑥2 𝑦2
2
+ 2=1 + =1
𝑏 𝑎 100 144
Conic Sections – The Ellipse
Conic Sections – The Ellipse
Find the center, vertices, and foci given the following equation of an
ellipse.
(𝑥 − 3)2 (𝑦 − 9)2
+ = 1 Center: (3,9)
25 9
Major axis is along the x-axis Foci
Vertices: 𝑎2 = 25 𝑎 = ±5 𝑐 2 = 𝑎2 − 𝑏 2
3 − 5,9 𝑎𝑛𝑑 (3 + 5,9) 𝑐 2 = 25 − 9
−2,9 𝑎𝑛𝑑 (8,9) 𝑐 2 = 16
Vertices of the minor axis 𝑐 = ±4
𝑏 2 = 9 𝑏 = ±3 3 − 4,9 𝑎𝑛𝑑 (3 + 4,9)
3,9 − 3 𝑎𝑛𝑑 (3,9 + 3) −1,9 𝑎𝑛𝑑 (7,9)
3,6 𝑎𝑛𝑑 (3,12)
Conic Sections – The Ellipse
Find the center, vertices, and foci given the following equation of an
ellipse.
(𝑥 − 3)2 (𝑦 − 9)2
+ =1
25 9
Center:
(3,9)
Vertices:
−2,9 𝑎𝑛𝑑 (8,9)
Foci
−3, −2.464 𝑎𝑛𝑑 (−3,4.464)
Seatwork:
Conic Sections – The Ellipse
ASSIGNMENT:
Express the following ellipse in standard
form. Identify the vertices of the major and
minor axis, vertices of the foci and sketch
the graph.
1. x2 + 4y2 = 4
2. 4x2 + 25y2 = 100
3. 25x2 + 36y2 = 900
4. 49x2 + y2 = 49
5. 36x2 + 16y2 = 576