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    Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) : Features and Functionality of RFID

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    Vanshika Khare
    This document discusses radio frequency identification (RFID) technology, including its features, functionality, applications, standards, and specifications. RFID uses radio waves to uniquely identify objects and can operate in both passive and active modes. Key points covered include common RFID applications, operating frequencies and related ISO standards, advantages and shortfalls of the technology, and an overview of RFID systems and components.

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    Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) : Features and Functionality of RFID

    Uploaded by

    Vanshika Khare
    35 views15 pages
    This document discusses radio frequency identification (RFID) technology, including its features, functionality, applications, standards, and specifications. RFID uses radio waves to uniquely identify objects and can operate in both passive and active modes. Key points covered include common RFID applications, operating frequencies and related ISO standards, advantages and shortfalls of the technology, and an overview of RFID systems and components.

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    Original Title

    RFID (1)

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    This document discusses radio frequency identification (RFID) technology, including its features, functionality, applications, standards, and specifications. RFID uses radio waves to uniquely identify objects and can operate in both passive and active modes. Key points covered include common RFID applications, operating frequencies and related ISO standards, advantages and shortfalls of the technology, and an overview of RFID systems and components.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    35 views15 pages

    Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) : Features and Functionality of RFID

    Uploaded by

    Vanshika Khare
    This document discusses radio frequency identification (RFID) technology, including its features, functionality, applications, standards, and specifications. RFID uses radio waves to uniquely identify objects and can operate in both passive and active modes. Key points covered include common RFID applications, operating frequencies and related ISO standards, advantages and shortfalls of the technology, and an overview of RFID systems and components.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 15

    Radio Frequency Identification

    (RFID)

    Features and Functionality of RFID


    Including application specific ISO specifications

    Presented by:
    Chris Lavin
    Sarah Clark
    Spencer Prows
    What is RFID?
     RFID is a technology, whose origins are found in
    the WWII era, that incorporates electromagnetic
    or electrostatic coupling in the RF portion of the
    EM spectrum to uniquely identify an object,
    animal or person. It is also gaining increasing use
    in industry as an alternative to the bar code.
     Requires a transceiver, antenna, and transponder
     Can operate in Passive or Active Modes

    Source: http://searchmobilecomputing.techtarget.com/gDefinition/0,294236,sid40_gci805987,00.html
    What is RFID?
     RF signals transmitted by the transceiver activates
    the transponder, which transmits data back to the
    transceiver.
     Transponder is powered by EM waves emitted by the
    transceiver
     Various frequencies are used depending on the
    application
     Requires no line-of-sight (like bar-codes)

    Source: http://searchmobilecomputing.techtarget.com/gDefinition/0,294236,sid40_gci805987,00.html
    RFID Applications
     Tracking Books in Libraries
     Inventory Tracking
     Walmart required it of their top 100 vendors
     Authorized building access (Prox Cards)
     Passports (US passports recently)
     AmEx Blue credit card
     Prison inmates (embedded)
    RFID Applications
     For toll booths (or any “pay for entry” system)
     Airport Baggage ID
     Car keys, wireless entry and ignition
     Animals
     Hospital Patients
     Instant history tracking
    RFID Shortfalls
     Cost
     Transceiver ~ $1000
     RFID Tags $0.20 each
     Not competitive with cost of barcode
     UHF signals problematic near metal and water
     Reader Collisions
     Can be overcome using TDMA
     Tag Collisions
     Required some engineering of tag transmit timing
     Security Concerns
    RFID
    Standards and Specifications

    Application specific ISO standards


    RFID Standards

     Tracking Animals
     ISO 11784 – Specifies the structure of the ID code
     ISO 11785 – Specifies how transponder is activated
     ISO 14223/1 – Specifies RF code for advanced transponders
     Credit Cards
     ISO 15693 – Specifies modulation and coding schemes
     Passports and proximity cards
     ISO 14443 – Specifies modulation and coding schemes
     General Frequency bands
     ISO 18000 series
    Standard RFID Operating Frequencies

     ISO 18000-2
     <135 KHz
     ISO 18000-3
     13.56 MHZ
     ISO 18000-4
     2.45 GHz
     ISO 18000-6
     860-960 MHz
     ISO 18000-7
     433 MHZ (active)
    Standard RFID Operating Frequencies
    ISO 18000-2 ~ 135 kHz ISO 18000-6 ~ 800-960 MHz
    ISO 18000-3 ~ 13.56 MHz ISO 18000-4 ~ 2.45 GHz
    ISO 18000-7 ~ 433 MHz
    ISO 18000-2
     Operates at >135 KHz
     Inductive
     Unaffected by presence of water
     Short range (a few centimeters)
     Fairly costly because of coil in transponder
    ISO 18000-3
     Operates at 13.56 MHz
     Inductive
     Lower cost ~ 35 cents
     Thin flexible form factor ( smart label )
     Read / write capable
     Unaffected by water (but has to be tuned to item)
     Mid range, 70 – 125 cms
     Two flavors:
     Mode 1 Standard ISO 15693 data rate (26 kb/s)
     Mode 2 High speed interface (848 kb/s)
    ISO 18000-4
     Operates at 2.45 GHz
     Propagating
     Dual Mode
     Passive Backscatter
     Passive tag currently out of fashion
     Active High data rate
     Long range in active version (100 m+)
     Affected by water (signal absorbed…microwave)
     Read / write capable
     Moderate cost
     Small antenna
    ISO 18000-6 A/B
     Operates between 860 – 960 MHz
     Propagating
     Long range 2-5 meters
     Low cost
     High data rates
     “Frequency agile”
     Read / write capable
     Relatively large antenna
     The future for mass application RFID
    ISO 18000-7
     Operates at 433 MHz
     Active
     Long range - many meters
     High cost
     High data rates
     Read / write capable
     Manifest tags- DoD

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