Alkanes 2
Alkanes 2
Alkanes 2
Prefixes -
Alkyl group Structure IUPAC name Abbreviation
C6 H 5 - phenyl Ph
Alkanes - Nomenclature
Also note that if there are two chains of equal length, pick the
chain with more substituents. In the following example, two
different chains in the same alkane have seven C atoms. We
circle the longest continuous chain as shown in the diagram
on the left, since this results in the greater number of
substituents.
Alkanes - Nomenclature
For now: Alcohol > Alkyne > Alkene > alkane=alkyl halide
4.The longest chain must contain the suffix functional group – even if not
the longest chain overall
5.Numbering gives this functional group the lowest number – even if there
are other groups that would be lower
6.If an alkene has stereochemistry, it must be specified in the prefix
Alkyl Halides - Nomenclature
Alcohols - Nomenclature
Alcohols - Nomenclature
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Alcohols - Nomenclature
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Alkenes - Nomenclature
Alkenes - Nomenclature
• Compounds that contain both a double bond and a hydroxy group are
named as alkenols and the chain (or ring) is numbered to give the OH
group the lower number.
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Alkenes - Nomenclature
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Alkenes - Nomenclature
Cl
Cl Cl Cl
cis-1,2-Dichloroethene trans-1,2-Dichloroethene
Alkenes - Nomenclature
Alkynes - Nomenclature
• Alkynes are named in the same general way that alkenes are
named.
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Alkynes - Nomenclature
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