MARCOS ADMINISTRATION AND

MARITAL LAW PERIOD

 PRES. FERDINAND E.
MARCOS
• The sixth president of the third
republic of the Philippines
• Born on September 11, 1917 in
Sarrat,Ilocos Norte
• Husband of Imelda Marcos and a
father of 4 children
• The university of the Philippines
granted him the law degree cum
laude. In the same school he finished
his secondary
• At a young age he was arrested as
suspect of the murder of Julio
Nalundasan
1948
• he was accepted as technical assistant to the president
and in the same year he ran for congress
• Became the youngest member of the house of
representatives
• Reelected two times and ran for senator

1965
• under the Nacionalista, he ran and won president,
• He defeat Macapagal in an overwhelming result
• Some of his accomplishment included the signing of
investment Incentive Act of 1967.
1972
he declared martial law. By suspending the 1935 he was
able to prolong his term. And he removed the office of
the vice president
1986
through the EDSA people power he was ousted from the
Philippines and took refugee in Hawaii
1989
Ferdinand Marcos died in huawaii, cause of death
LUPUS
2016
President Benigno Simeon Aquino III rejected the
request of the Marcos family to bury the former
strongman of the philippines in the libingan ng mga
bayani
 President Ferdinand Marcos’ First Term (1965 – 69)

• On December 30, 1965 President Marcos and Vice President Lopez

were sworned into office as President and Vice President of the
Philippines
• At the beginning of his administration, President Marcos inherited a
lot of problem in the government

Among the achievements of president Marcos during his first term

are the following:
 Stabilizing of government finance by means of more effective collection of
taxes, imposing new tax laws, and getting loans from foreign banks and
governments.
 Greater production of rice by promoting the cultivation of “miracle rice”
and other fast growing rice seeds, the construction of more irrigation
system and giving financial and technical assistance to the farmers.
 Building of more rode's and bridges, Schoolhouses, and public works. The
national railways was also improved to foster land transportation.
 Intensive drive against smuggling, crime syndicates, and the communist
new people ‘s army (NPA).
 Holding of the manila summit conference on October 24-25, 1996 attended
by the heads of state of australia, south korea, New zealand, Philippines,
South Vietnam, Thailand and the united states.
 REELECTION OF PRESIDENT FERDINAND
MARCOS (1969)
• Filipino people were satisfied by president
Marcos performance in the first term.
• November 14, 1967 that nacionalism party
almost won all seats in the senate Except for
one liberal party candidate, Benigno Aquino, jr
• November 11,1969 the nacionalista won again
when pres. Marcos and vice pres. Lopez were
reelected.
• Their liberal opponents were senator Sergio
Osmeña, jr., Presedential candidate, and
senator Genaro Magsaysay, vice presidential
candidate
 The reelection of president Marcos
was unique because of two reasons;
1. He was the only President of the
Philippines to be reelected for a second
term

2. He was the first Philippine President to

take his oath of office in the native
language.
 Problems during president
Marcos Second Term
• During his second term, prices of basic commodities
increased and the value of peso declined.
-Problems that plagued the country:
1. The prevalence of dirty politics.
2. The rampant graft and corruption
3. The increasing gap between the rich and the poor
4. The ineffectiveness of some provision of the 1935
Constitution to address the new socio-economic
problems of the times
5. Peace and order (crime,communism,subversion)
 1971 Constitutional Convention
• It was emerged during the second term of president marcos
• The constitution was believed to be anachronistic

The defects became apparent as follows:

1. It was relic of colocialism
2. To much power given to the president may spawn dictator.
3. Imbalance among the three branches.
4. lack of provision regarding election protests in the position of
president.
5. Its parity amendment was a memento of american imperialism
6. the COMELEC was not granted enough power to avoid
anomalies in election.
7. the GAO was virtually a watchdog without a teeth
8. And it had no provision on autonomy of local government
units.
 A. POLITICAL CONDITION UNDER
MARCOS ADMINISTRATION
ROAD TO MARTIAL LAW

• The creation of New people’s army by the

communist party of the philippines
• Attempt on life of Pope Paul IV when he visit
manila in November 1970.
• The bombing in plaza Miranda in quiapo on
august 21, 1971. proclaimed rally
• 8 persons were killed and over 100 others
were injured
 Legality of Martial Law
Martial Law- is an extra ordinary measure used by
heads of state to defend or protect the people from
extreme danger due to lawlessness, violence,
anarchy, rebellion, or invasion

under Article VII (section 10,paragraph 2)

• The President shall be commander-in-chief of all armed

forces of the Philippines and, whenever it becomes
necessary, he may call out such armed forces to
prevent or suppress lawless violence, invasion,
insurrection, or rebellion.
Martial law period (1972-1981)
• Using lawlessness and threat of communist
insurgency to justify the declaration of martial
law.
• President Marcos ruled the country as a dictator.
• he governed the nation, suppressing freedom of
press, shutdown media establishment and
closedown congress
• Senator Benigno Aquino Jr. and Senator Jose
Diokno was ordered to be arrested of opposition
leaders and activists.
Foreign Relations
• President Marcos inherited the territorial
dispute over Sabah
• 1968 he approve congressional bill
annexing Sabah to the Philippines.
• 1963 Sabah had joined the federation of
Malaysian.
• 1967 the Philippines became one of the
founding countries of the Association of
Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)
 B. ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
UNDER MARCOS ADMINISTRATION.
• GDP- (gross domestic product)
-1966-1986 the annual average growth of GDP was only
1.4% as compared to 3.5 from (1951-1965).
-the Marcos government engaged in borrowing money to
help finance various project and programs of the
government.
-he also embarked on a massive spending in infrastructural
development, such as roads, health centers, bridge, and
schools as well as intensifying tax collection which gave the
Philippine a taste of economic prosperity throughout the
1970’s
• KILUSANG KABUHAYAN AT
KAUNLARAN
- Was a program started in 1981. its aim was to promote the
economic development of the barangays by encouraging
the residents to engage in their own livelihood projects.
- Result In 1970 to 1980 the nations economical growth
increase from six percent to 7 percent.
- The Gross National Product increase 1972 from Php.55
billion ($7.7 billion) to Php.193 billion ($27 billion) in 1980
- Tourism rose contributing to the growth of the economy
most of there tourist were Filipinos returnees (balikbayans)
who came under the ministry of tourism balikbayans
program launched in 1973
FOREIGN DEBT

• The economic growth was largely financed

by united states economic aid and foreign
loans made by the Marcos government
• The countries debt was assumed only
US$1 billion, but when he left it ballooned
into US$28 billion.
• The government still being serviced by tax
payers assumed these loans.
OVERSEAS FILIPINO WORKERS
• The remittance of overseas Filipino
workers was another major source of
economic growth.
• Most of the OFW’s went to Middle East,
Singapore, Hong Kong and japan.
• These overseas filipino workers not only
helped ease the country unemployment
problem but also earned much-needed
foreign exchange for the philippines.
 ECONOMIC CONDITION ON MARCOS
LAST YEARS OF PRESIDENCY
• In August 1983 the assassination of Benigno
Aquino caused a great deterioration of Philippine
economy
• Marcos launched a national recovery program
he negotiate with the IMF and world bank for the
countries foreign debt to extend the duration to
pay the loans
• Marcos oredered a cut in government expenses
and used a portion of the savings to support the
“sariling sikap” a livelihood program he
established in 1984.
 C. Socio Cultural Condition UNDER
MARCOS ADMINISTRATION
RISE OF THE NEW PEOPLE ARMY (NPA)
• The communist Party of the Philippines,
which created the new people’s army, the
communist movement subdued by president
Magsaysay in 1950’s increased it number of
strengths.
• They infiltrated several student organization,
farmers and even professionals.
• NPA gradually increased its ranks and spread
to other parts of the country.
 D. EDUCATIONAL DEVELOPMENT
UNDER MARCOS ADMINISTRATION
STUDENT ACTIVISM
• Between 1960-1970 marked the radicilization of student
population. Students in various colleges and universities held
massive rallies and demonstrations to express their
frustration and resentment
• January 30, 1970 about 50,000 student – demonstrators and
laborers stormed the Malacañang place burning part of the
medical building, crashing through gate 4 with a fire truck
that had been forcibly commandeered by some laborers and
students.
• In October 1970, a series of violence occurred in numerous
campuses in the greater manila area, 18,000 student of the
university of the Philippines boycotted their classes to
demand academic and non academic reforms in the State
University resulting in the “ocupation of the office of the
president of the university by student leaders”.
 Schools who were involve in the student
demonstration where university of:

• University of East
• Letran College
• Mapua Institute of Technology
• University of Sto Tomas
• Feati University
• Polytechnic University