The Elements of Visual Arts.. Denmark

THE ELEMENTS
OF VISUAL ART
The elements of visual art
 Visual arts refer to still, unmoving pictures, paintings,
sculpture, photographs, digital images, installation or
architecture that are created by artists. They are the
representation or embodiment of an idea, an experience, a
concept, a stage of vitality, emotion, feeling or a result of
interaction with the environment, and a product of human
thinking
 Visual art includes paintings, sculpture, calligraphy,
photography and architecture.
 Visual images are made arranging elements and organizing
the design using selected materials of art-making.
1. Lines
2. Shape and Forms
3. Texture
4. Color
5. Space and Management
Lines
 Line is used to lead the viewer’s eyes throughout
the artwork. It can lead your eyes into, around,
and out of the visual images within the artistic
frame. A line has width as well as length, but
usually, it is the length that occupies more space
than its width. The use of the line also evokes
expressive feelings and ideas.
 There are five basic kinds of lines:
1. Vertical
2. Horizontal
3. Diagonal
4. Curves
5. zigzag
Lines (five basic kinds of lines)
1. Vertical lines move up and down. They express
stability and show dignity, poise, stiffness, formality
and upward mobility.
2. Horizontal lines are parallel to the horizon. They
express feelings of rest, peace, quiet and stability,
permanence or solidarity. They make you feel
relaxed and calm.
3. Diagonal lines slant, they are either rising or falling.
Diagonal lines suggest action and movement. They
convey dynamism, vitality, and animation.
Lines (five basic kinds of lines)
4. Curved lines slowly change direction and form wiggly
curves, spirals or circles.
5. Zigzag lines combined diagonal lines that form angles
and suddenly change directions.
Organic lines are the types of lines found in nature. They

are irregular, curved, and often fluid. They convey a sense
of gracefulness, dynamism, and spontaneity.
Lines (VARIATIONS OF LINES APPEARANCE )
1) Length-lines can either be long or short.
2) Width- lines can be thick or thin.
3) Texture-lines can be rough or smooth.
4) Direction-lines can move in any direction, such as
vertical, horizontal or diagonal.

5) Degree of curve- lines can curve gradually or not all,
form spirals or circles.

Shapes and form
1. Shape is a two-dimensional area that shows the form of an
object and how it is laid out in space.
2. Dimensional refers to the amount of shapes an object
takes up in one direction. A shape may be geometric or
free form.
3. Geometric shapes are kind of shape that can be studied
mathematically because they possess sides and angles.
Some examples of this are circles, square, triangle, oval,
rectangle, etc.
4. Free-form shape are those that are not studied
mathematically. They have outlines that are unpredictably
curve or angular or are a combination of different lines and
forms.
Texture
 Texture refers to how things feel when touched. Tactile
texture is experienced when you touch something to
feel its texture. Visual texture is felt when you look at
a photograph or an image that has texture, and it
reminds you how those objects actually feel. Visual
texture is the illusion of a three-dimensional surface.
 Roughness or smoothness of a visual texture is
determined by the light or dark values it has. A rough
texture is characterized by a surface that reflects light
unevenly. Smooth surface, on the other hand, reflects
light evenly.
Color
 Color is an element or art that results from the light
waves reflected from objects to your eyes.
 Warm colors: (red, orange, and yellow) are associated
with warm things such as fire or sunlight.
 Cool colors: (blue, green and violet) are associated
with cool things like ice, snow, water or grass.
 Warm colors seem to moving close to the viewer while
cool colors have a recording effect.
Color
(three properties of color that make up the colors we see)
1. Hue
2. Value
3. intensity
Color (HUE)
 Hue is the name of specific color in the spectrum or
the band of color that are present in a color wheel.

 Primary hues: red, yellow, blue
 Secondary hues: are made by mixing two primary hues,
ex. Red + yellow =orange, red + blue=violet, blue +
yellow= green. The resulting colors, orange, violet and
green are secondary hues.
 Intermediate color: are made by mixing a primary
and secondary color, ex. Red (primary color) and
orange (secondary color) make red-orange.
Color (HUE)
 Yellow is the lightest hue because it reflects the most
light.
 Violet is the darkest hue because it reflects the least
light.
 Black, White and Gray are neutral colors. The colors of
the all the light create white. White reflects all the
colors of the visible light spectrum to the eyes.
Color (VALUE)
 Value is indicated through the lightness or darkness of
a color. The amount of light a color reflects determines

the color value. When a pencil pressed hard to draw a
line, it produces dark value. When it is used lightly, it
makes a line of light value. You can change the value
of any hue by adding black and white.
 Tint is a light value of a hue. Its cark value is called a
shade. The arrangement of light and shadow is called
chiaroscuro. In Italian, chiaro means “bright” and “oscuro”
means dark.
Color (VALUE)
 Intensity is the brightness or dullness of a hue.
 High-intensity color is a pure or bright hue.
 Dull-intensity color is a dark or dull hue.
 Many artists organize colors following a color scheme

to avoid a confusing or unpleasant way of putting
colors together.
 Color Schemes: monochromantic, analogous,
complementary or split-complement.
 Monochromantic color scheme uses only one hue. White and
black added in varying degrees to show the different shades
and tints of the hue.
Color (VALUE)
 Analogous colors are found side within the color wheel. Ex.
Red. Red-orange: red and orange are close to one another
in the color wheel. They are different hues but they are
related in color.
 Complementary colors are colors opposite each other. Ex.
Red and green are located opposite each other in color
wheel in the cart.
 Split complement is the combination of one hue and the
hues on each side of its complement. Ex. Red-orange , blue
and green from a split-complementary scheme.
Space and Movement
 Space refers to both outer and inner space, the emptiness
and area between, around, above, below or within
objects. It may be flat or two-dimensional, such as in
painting, or three-dimensional, such as in monumental
sculpture. Positive space is the area occupied by shapes
or forms. Negative spaces are the empty spaces between
the shapes or forms.
 Movement is show through the direction of line or
arrangement of color within the artistic frame. The size of
the objects arranged from smallest to the biggest also
suggests movement. When objects are repeated within
the artistic frame, they make the viewer’s eye follow a
certain movement.
Thank you!!

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What are the five basic elements of visual art?

What are the five basic kinds of lines?

THE ELEMENTS

Organic lines are the types of lines found in nature. They

2) Width- lines can be thick or thin.

3) Texture-lines can be rough or smooth.

4) Direction-lines can move in any direction, such as

vertical, horizontal or diagonal.

form spirals or circles.

the band of color that are present in a color wheel.

a color. The amount of light a color reflects determines

 Dull-intensity color is a dark or dull hue.

 Many artists organize colors following a color scheme

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