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    Discourse and Grammar

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    novita azzahra
    The document discusses discourse grammar and cohesion. It argues that traditional explanations of grammar do not fully capture grammatical patterns in long texts. It outlines two important attributes of texts - unity of texture and cohesion. Cohesion involves lexical and grammatical elements that link parts of a text together, such as repetition, synonyms, antonyms, conjunctions and reference.

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    Discourse and Grammar

    Uploaded by

    novita azzahra
    128 views21 pages
    The document discusses discourse grammar and cohesion. It argues that traditional explanations of grammar do not fully capture grammatical patterns in long texts. It outlines two important attributes of texts - unity of texture and cohesion. Cohesion involves lexical and grammatical elements that link parts of a text together, such as repetition, synonyms, antonyms, conjunctions and reference.

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    discourse and grammar

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    The document discusses discourse grammar and cohesion. It argues that traditional explanations of grammar do not fully capture grammatical patterns in long texts. It outlines two important attributes of texts - unity of texture and cohesion. Cohesion involves lexical and grammatical elements that link parts of a text together, such as repetition, synonyms, antonyms, conjunctions and reference.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    128 views21 pages

    Discourse and Grammar

    Uploaded by

    novita azzahra
    The document discusses discourse grammar and cohesion. It argues that traditional explanations of grammar do not fully capture grammatical patterns in long texts. It outlines two important attributes of texts - unity of texture and cohesion. Cohesion involves lexical and grammatical elements that link parts of a text together, such as repetition, synonyms, antonyms, conjunctions and reference.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 21

    Discourse and

    Grammar
    DISCOURSE GRAMMAR

    Hughes and McCarthy ( 1998 ), argued that


    traditional explanations of grammar do
    not adequately capture grammatical
    selection in longer, real-world texts.
    Grammar from a discourse
    perspective

    Hasan ( 1989a , 1989b ) discusses


    two crucial attributes of texts and
    which are important for the analysis
    of discourse.
    Grammar from a discourse
    perspective
    Unity of texture

    EX:
    Janed : Tata? why your book, pen and
    pensil on my table?
    Tata : oh i am sorry janed, can you put
    them into my bag please?
    COHESION AND DISCOURSE

    LEXICAL
    REFERENCE
    COHESION

    CONJUNCTION

    SUBSTITUION ELIPSIS
    REFERENCE

    ANAPHORIC

    EX : Fares went to the canteen. He was


    annoyed because it was closed.
    REFERENCE
    Cataphoric

    Ex : The book was there on the table. I’d never


    read the practice of english language teaching
    and I didn’t intend to do so now.

    The book refers to the practice of english


    language teaching
    REFERENCE

    Exophoric

    Ex :
    Custmer : what kind of book would you
    say this is ? where would you put it on
    your bookshelves?
    REFERENCE

    Homophoric

    Ex : The Queen
    Lexical Cohesion
    Lexical Cohesion is a linguistic
    device which helps to create
    unity of text and discourse.
    a. Repetition
    Example :

    1. Ghaziyah met a cat. The cat is so cute.


    2. I lost my pen. The color of the pen is purple.
    b. Synonymy
    Example:

    1. I hear Munif Said,’’ listen to me!’’.


    c. Antonymy
    Example:

    1. Vany likes the cold tea rather than the hot one.
    d. Hyponymy & Meronymy
    Example:

    1. Munif loves cat, especially the Persian cat.

    2. The touch screen of Nopita’s phone is broken.


    Collocation
    The term collocation, as McCarthy et.al. put it,
    describes “[…] a natural combination of words;
    it refers to the way English words are closely
    associated with each other.” (2005: 4).
    Example:

    Natural English Unnatural


    English
    The fast train The quick train
    Conjunction
    Conjunction acts as a cohesive tie
    between clauses or sections of text in
    such a way as to demonstrate a
    meaningful pattern between them.
    a. Addition
    Example: and, besides, in addition

    1. Vany do an assignment and listen to music at


    the same time.
    b. Comparison
    Example: like, as if, similarly, but, whereas, on the other hand

    1. Vany likes the cold tea rather than the hot one.
    c. Time
    Example: then, after, subsequently, before

    1. Ghaziyah always turn the lamp off before she


    sleep.
    d. Consequence
    Example: so, because, since, therefore, by, thus,
    by this means, if, provided that, unless

    1. Vany has learnt English since elementary


    school.

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