Dna - Cot

Prepared by :
HAIDE O.BANGCAYA
1. Each group will be given a Thumbs up and Thumbs do
placard.
2.A set of questions (5 questions) will be given to the class
3.The thumbs up placard means that the group agrees with

given statement while the thumbs down placard means dis
4.To answer the given questions, a member of the group w

the placard after the 10-second time.
5.The group with the highest score will be the winner.

CONCEPT CHECKING
Question 1
DNA stands for Deoxyribonucleic acid.

CONCEPT CHECKING
Question 1

CONCEPT CHECKING
Question 2
The hydrogen bonds between complementary

nucleotides are what keeps the two strands of a
DNA helix together.
CONCEPT CHECKING
Question 2
The hydrogen bonds between complementary

nucleotides are what keeps the two strands of a
DNA helix together.
CONCEPT CHECKING
Question 3
Considering DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid) structure,

the backbone outside double helix is made-up of
sugar and nitrogen.
CONCEPT CHECKING
Question 3
Considering DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid) structure,

the backbone outside double helix is made-up of
sugar and nitrogen.
CONCEPT CHECKING
Question 4
The four nitrogenous bases present in DNA are adenine

(A), guanine (G), cytosine (C) and uracil (U).
CONCEPT CHECKING
Question 4
The four nitrogenous bases present in

DNA are adenine (A), guanine (G),
cytosine (C) and uracil (U).
CONCEPT CHECKING
Question 5
In DNA, Adenine is paired with Thymine.

Guanine is paired with Cytosine.
CONCEPT CHECKING
Question 5
In DNA, Adenine is paired with Thymine.

Guanine is paired with Cytosine.
OBJECTIVE/S:
 At the end of the lesson the students will be
able to;
1.Identify the structure of a DNA molecules
2. explain the rules of base pairing
3. construct an edible model of molecule of
DNA
4. Appreciate the importance of DNA
UNLOCKING
DIFFICULTIES
CONCEPTS:
 DNA is composed of chains of
nucleotides,which are molecules built up
from three basic parts: a five carbon sugar ,a
phosphate group,and nitrogenous base or
nitrogen containing base.
 The nitrogenous bases include adenine and
guanine,which belong to a group of
compounds called purines ;and cytosine and
thymine which belong to pyrimidines
CONCEPTS
 The bases pair in the process known as
complementary base pairing . Adenine pairs
with thymine (A-T) and guanine pairs with
cytosine (G-C)
 DNA is very important in living systems
.DNA serves as the genetic material of all
living things.
CONCEPTS
 The american biochemist James D.Watson
and British biophysicist and genetics Francis
Crick describe the DNA molecule as double
helix.
 The backbone of the helix consist of
alternating sugar and phosphate groups
connected by sugar-phosphate bonds ,while
the steps of the ladder consists of the pair of
nitrogenous bases.
DNA Structure
 DNA consists of two molecules that are arranged
into a ladder-like structure called a Double
Helix.
 A molecule of DNA is made up of millions of

tiny subunits called Nucleotides.
 Each nucleotide consists of:

1. Phosphate group
2. Pentose sugar
3. Nitrogenous base
Nucleotides
Phosphate
Nitrogenous
Base
Pentose
Sugar
Nucleotides
 The phosphate and sugar form the backbone
of the DNA molecule, whereas the bases form
the “rungs”.
 There are four types of nitrogenous bases.

Nucleotides
A T
Adenine Thymine
C G
Cytosine Guanine
Nucleotides
 Each base will only bond with one other
specific base.
 Adenine (A)
Form a base pair.
 Thymine (T)
 Cytosine (C)
Form a base pair.
 Guanine (G)
DNA Structure
 Because of this complementary base pairing,
the order of the bases in one strand
determines the order of the bases in the other
strand.
A T
C
G
T A
C
G
A T
G C
T A
DNA Structure
 To crack the genetic code found in DNA we
need to look at the sequence of bases.
 The bases are arranged in triplets called

codons.
AGG-CTC-AAG-TCC-TAG
TCC-GAG-TTC-AGG-ATC
DNA Structure
 A gene is a section of DNA that codes for a
protein.
 Each unique gene has a unique sequence of

bases.
 This unique sequence of bases will code for the

production of a unique protein.
 It is these proteins and combination of proteins

that give us a unique phenotype.
DNA
Gene
Protein
Trait
 VIDEO ANALYSIS
GUIDE QUESTIONS
1.What is DNA?
2.What are the four pairs of DNA
bases that form in the double helix?
3.Where is the DNA located in a
cell?
4.Why is the DNA important?
APPLICATION
 The teacher will divide the class into 4
groups. Each group will be given different
activity
 Group 1- Constructing a Paper Helix
 Group 2 Make an edible DNA Model
 Group 3 Make a DNA MODEL out of paper
 Group 4 Make a DNA out of Origami.
 Group 5 Compose a song about DNA using
the concepts.
 FEEDBACK
Generalization
DNA is composed of chains of nucleotides
built on a sugar and phosphate backbone and
wrapped around each other in the form of a
double helix.The backbone supports four
bases: guanine,cytosine,adenine,and thymine.
Guanine and cytosine are complementary
,always appearing opposite each other on the
helix.,as are adenine and thymine.
IV. EVALUATION
In a 1/2 Crosswise paper . 20 points each.
 1.What are the two common parts of a nucleotide?

 2.What is the one part of a nucleotide that differs
among the other different nucleotides?
 3.List the four different kinds of nitrogen bases?
 4.What is the pairing arrangement of nitrogen bases?
5.Are there always going to be an equal number of
adenine and thymine nucleotides in a molecule?
Why?
ASSIGNMENT:
On a 1/2 crosswise paper for
20 points write the summary
of the process of DNA
replication.

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Prepared by :

2.A set of questions (5 questions) will be given to the class

3.The thumbs up placard means that the group agrees with

4.To answer the given questions, a member of the group w

5.The group with the highest score will be the winner.

DNA stands for Deoxyribonucleic acid.

DNA stands for Deoxyribonucleic acid.

The hydrogen bonds between complementary

The hydrogen bonds between complementary

Considering DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid) structure,

Considering DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid) structure,

The four nitrogenous bases present in DNA are adenine

The four nitrogenous bases present in

In DNA, Adenine is paired with Thymine.

In DNA, Adenine is paired with Thymine.

 A molecule of DNA is made up of millions of

 Each nucleotide consists of:

 There are four types of nitrogenous bases.

 The bases are arranged in triplets called

 Each unique gene has a unique sequence of

 This unique sequence of bases will code for the

 It is these proteins and combination of proteins

 1.What are the two common parts of a nucleotide?

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