Cybercrimes: Legal, Ethical, & Societal Issues in Media & Information

CYBERCRIMES
Legal, Ethical, & Societal Issues in

Media & Information
SO WHAT IS CYBER?
CYBER means … • relating to, or involving computers or computer networks (such as
the Internet)
Cyberspace - refers to the virtual computer world, and more specifically, is an
electronic medium used to form a global computer network to facilitate online
communication
Cybercrime - refers to the criminal activities carried out by means of computers or
the Internet
Cyberbullying - the use of electronic communication to bully a person, typically by
sending messages of an intimidating or threatening nature
Hacking - refers to the practice of modifying or altering computer software and
hardware to accomplish a goal that is considered to be outside of the creator's
original objective.
Phishing
- is the attempt to obtain sensitive information such as usernames, passwords, and
credit card details (and, indirectly, money), often for malicious reasons, by disguising as
a trustworthy entity in an electronic communication.
Illegal Downloading - refers to obtaining files that you do not have the right to use
from the Internet.
Digital Piracy - the practice of illegally copying and selling digital music, video,
computer software, etc.
Identity Theft - is the deliberate use of someone else's identity, usually as a method to
gain a financial advantage or obtain credit and other benefits in the other person's
name, and perhaps to the other person's disadvantage or loss
Cyber Defamation - is an unprivileged false statement of fact which tends to harm
the reputation of a person or company
CYBERSEX • also called computer sex, Internet sex, netsex • is a virtual sex encounter
in which two or more people (connected remotely via internet) send each other
sexually explicit contents or sexually explicit acts
Child Pornography - is a form of child sexual exploitation
CYBERSQUATTING • is registering, trafficking in, or using an Internet domain name
with bad faith intent to profit from the goodwill of a trademark belonging to
someone else. The cybersquatter then offers to sell the domain to the person or
company who owns a trademark contained within the name at an inflated price.
COPYRIGHT • a legal device that gives the creator of a literary, artistic, musical, or other
creative work the sole right to publish and sell that work. Copyright owners have the right to
control the reproduction of their work, including the right to receive payment for that
reproduction. Violation of a copyright is called infringement.
PLAGIARISM • an act or instance of using or closely imitating the language and thoughts of
another author without authorization; the representation of that author's work as one's own, as
by not crediting the original author
FAIR USE is a legal concept that allows the reproduction of copyrighted material for certain
purposes without obtaining permission and without paying a fee. Purposes permitting the
application of fair use generally include review, news reporting, teaching, or scholarly
research.
Computer Addiction
- the excessive use of computers to the extent that it interferes with daily life. This
excessive use may for example interfere with work or sleep, result in problems with
social interaction, or affect mood, relationships and thought processes.
Digital Divide
- an economic inequality between groups in terms of access to, use of, or knowledge
of ICT. The divide within countries can refer to inequalities between individuals,
households, businesses, and geographic areas at different socioeconomic (and other
demographic) levels
Virtual Self - The persona you create about yourself virtually
Netiquette • the correct or acceptable way of communicating on the Internet.
WHAT IS SOCIAL MEDIA ?
Social media refers to interaction among people in which they create, share, and/or
exchange information and ideas in virtual communities and networks.[1]
“Social” – refers to instinctual needs humans have to connect with other humans
“Media” – what we use to make connections with other humans
“Social Media” – Media used for social interaction
SOME OF THE POPULAR SOCIAL MEDIA
TOOLS/WEBSITES
Whatsapp Twitter Facebook Google+ Pinterest Blogging Platforms[Tumblr, Blogger]
MOBILE PLATFORM
There are 47.5 Million Internet users in the country.

Overall 35 Million (16%) users are active on social media networks.
The country has 44.6 million mobile internet users.
Out of 109.5 million unique mobile users, 32 Million are accessing social network
using mobile.
8 million mobile users are active on social networks.
Out of total population, 82% of people are mobile phone users.
31% are smartphone
10% of users have a laptop or a computer, however, only 1% is tablet computer users.
Every day at least 58% of people make use of the Internet.
31% user internet once a week.
8% use the Internet at least once a month.
71% of users access the internet over a smartphone, while 8% use them via computer.
On a weekly average, 7% of people use search engine via smartphone and 1% via computer.
12% visit a social network using a smartphone and 2% on a computer in a week.
25% of users watch online videos every day, while 22% users watch online videos every week.
32 million monthly active Facebook users.
91% use Facebook via mobile.
77% are male and 23% are female Facebook users.
04% is the average engagement rate on Facebook Page Posts.
27% is the average engagement rate on Facebook Video Posts.
36% is the average engagement rate on Facebook Photo Posts.
The country has 5.20 million monthly active Instagram users.
5 Million people are active on Twitter.
69% are male and 31% are female Instagram users.
4% of female and 3% of male prefer making payments online in Pakistan.
Imran Khan is most followed person with 7,706,080 plus follower on Twitter.
Atif Aslam has the largest audience on Facebook with a total of 20,097,972 fans as of
February.
Pakistani Journalist Hamid Mir has the 3rd largest fan following on Twitter with 4,734,545
followers.
ARY Digital Channel has the largest audience, crossing 1,412,531,392 views on YouTube.

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CYBERCRIMES

Legal, Ethical, & Societal Issues in

There are 47.5 Million Internet users in the country.

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