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    Erich Fromm Presentation For Advanced TOP

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    Erich Fromm was a German-American psychoanalyst who developed humanistic psychoanalysis. He was influenced by teachings of humanistic rabbis, Marxism, Freudian psychoanalysis, Zen Buddhism, and writings of Johann Jakob Bachofen. Fromm believed that humanity's separation from nature produced feelings of loneliness and isolation, or "basic anxiety." He saw five basic human needs as relatedness, transcendence, rootedness, identity, and orientation. Fromm developed concepts of positive and negative freedom, character orientations, and personality disorders like necrophilia. He emphasized the interpersonal aspects of psychotherapy and investigated social character through fieldwork and studies of historical figures like Hitler. However, Fromm

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    Erich Fromm Presentation For Advanced TOP

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    kay ly
    160 views26 pages
    Erich Fromm was a German-American psychoanalyst who developed humanistic psychoanalysis. He was influenced by teachings of humanistic rabbis, Marxism, Freudian psychoanalysis, Zen Buddhism, and writings of Johann Jakob Bachofen. Fromm believed that humanity's separation from nature produced feelings of loneliness and isolation, or "basic anxiety." He saw five basic human needs as relatedness, transcendence, rootedness, identity, and orientation. Fromm developed concepts of positive and negative freedom, character orientations, and personality disorders like necrophilia. He emphasized the interpersonal aspects of psychotherapy and investigated social character through fieldwork and studies of historical figures like Hitler. However, Fromm

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    Erich Fromm was a German-American psychoanalyst who developed humanistic psychoanalysis. He was influenced by teachings of humanistic rabbis, Marxism, Freudian psychoanalysis, Zen Buddhism, and writings of Johann Jakob Bachofen. Fromm believed that humanity's separation from nature produced feelings of loneliness and isolation, or "basic anxiety." He saw five basic human needs as relatedness, transcendence, rootedness, identity, and orientation. Fromm developed concepts of positive and negative freedom, character orientations, and personality disorders like necrophilia. He emphasized the interpersonal aspects of psychotherapy and investigated social character through fieldwork and studies of historical figures like Hitler. However, Fromm

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    160 views26 pages

    Erich Fromm Presentation For Advanced TOP

    Uploaded by

    kay ly
    Erich Fromm was a German-American psychoanalyst who developed humanistic psychoanalysis. He was influenced by teachings of humanistic rabbis, Marxism, Freudian psychoanalysis, Zen Buddhism, and writings of Johann Jakob Bachofen. Fromm believed that humanity's separation from nature produced feelings of loneliness and isolation, or "basic anxiety." He saw five basic human needs as relatedness, transcendence, rootedness, identity, and orientation. Fromm developed concepts of positive and negative freedom, character orientations, and personality disorders like necrophilia. He emphasized the interpersonal aspects of psychotherapy and investigated social character through fieldwork and studies of historical figures like Hitler. However, Fromm

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    The key takeaways are that Erich Fromm developed humanistic psychoanalysis which focuses on human needs, freedom, and character orientations. He discussed concepts like basic anxiety, existential dichotomies, and productive vs non-productive character orientations.

    Fromm believed that the discussion of the human situation and existence must precede personality and psychology. He saw people as experiencing a human dilemma due to being separate from nature yet aware of their own isolation.

    Fromm discussed human needs for relatedness, transcendence, rootedness, identity, and a frame of orientation.

    Erich Fromm :

    Humanistic
    Psychoanalysis
    Outline of the Topic
    • Overview of Humanictic Psychoanalysis
    • Biography of Erich Fromm
    • Fromm’s Basic Assumptions
    • Human Needs
    • The Burden of Freedom
    • Character Orientations
    • Personality Disorders
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    Outline of the Topic
    • Psychotheraphy
    • Fromm’s Methods of Investigation
    • Critique
    • Concept of Humanity

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    Overview of Humanistic Psychoanalysis

    Humanity’s separation from the natural world


    has produced feelings of loneliness and
    isolation – a condition called the basic anxiety

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    Life of Erich Fromm

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    Erich Seligmann Fromm

    Born on March 23, 1900


    Frankfurt, Germany
    Only child
    Mother: Rosa Krause
    Fromm (niece of a well-
    known Talmudic scholar)
    Father: Napthali Fromm
    (son of a rabbi and
    grandson of 2 rabbis)

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    Studied
    World War I
    Psychoanalysis
    Lectures at Married Henny

    1933-1934
    1914-1918

    1925-1930
    Married Gurland
    Chicago
    Frieda
    Psychoanalytic
    Reichmann Interest in

    1944
    Institute
    Zen Buddism 1980
    1900

    Birth Death

    1941-1943

    1953
    1922/1925

    Separated Joined the


    Married
    1930
    with AAP
    Reichmann Annis
    Obtained his PhD Dissension Freeman
    in Sociology at Joined the with
    the University International the
    of Heidelberg Institute of association
    Social
    2 Research 4 6 7

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    Influences on Fromm’s Thinking
    • Teachings of humanistic rabbis;
    • Revolutionary spirit of Karl Marx;
    • Revolutionary ideas of Sigmund Freud;
    • Rationality of Zen Buddhism; and,
    • Writings of Johann Jakob Bachofen.

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    Basic Assumptions

    “The discussion of the human situation must


    precede that of personality, [and] psychology
    must be based on an anthropologic-
    philosophical concept oh human existence”

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    Human Dilemma
    People experience this dilemma because they
    have become separate from nature and yet
    have the capacity to be aware of themselves
    as isolated beings.

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    Existential Dichotomies
    • Between Life and Death;
    • Conceptualizing the Goal of Complete Self-
    Realization; and,
    • People are ultimately alone, but cannot
    tolerate isolation

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    Human Needs
    • Relatedness
    • Transcendence
    • Rootedness
    • Sense of Identity
    • Frame of Orientation

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    Burden of Freedom = Basic Anxiety

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    Mechanisms of Escape
    • Authoritarianism
    • Destructiveness
    • Conformity

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    Positive Freedom
    “A person can be free and not alone,
    critical and yet not filled with doubts,
    independent and yet an integral part of
    mankind”
    (Fromm 1941)

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    Character Orientations
    Non-productive Orientations
    • Receptive;
    • Exploitative;
    • Hoarding; and,
    • Marketing

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    Productive Character Orientation

    Dimensions:
    • Working
    • Loving
    • Reasoning

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    Personality Disorders
    • Necrophilia
    • Malignant Narcissism
    • Incestuous Symbiosis

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    Psychotherapy
    • Compared with Freud, Fromm was much
    more concerned with the interpersonal
    aspects of therapeutic encounter.
    • Basic Human Needs
    • Dreams

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    Methods of Investigation
    • Social character in a Mexican Village
    -Fromm and his associates spent several years
    investigating social character in an isolated
    farming village in Mexico and found evidence of
    all the character orientations except the
    marketing one
    • A Psychohistorical Study of Hitler
    -applied the techniques of psychohistory to study
    several historical people, including Adolf Hitler-
    regarded as the world’s mot conspicuous
    example of someone with the syndrome of decay,
    necrophilia, malignant narcissism and incestuous
    symbiosis.

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    Related Research
    • Estrangement from Culture and Well-Being;
    and,
    • The Burden of Freedom and Political
    Persuasions

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    Critique of Fromm

    Global approach to theory construction,


    highly abstract model that was more
    philosophical than scientific.

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    Critique of Fromm
    • Ideas are nearly sterile as a generator of
    empirical research;
    • Too philosophical to be either falsifiable or
    verifiable;
    • Breadth of his theories enables it to organize
    and explain human personality;
    • Guide to action;
    • Low on internal consistency; and,
    • Low on the criterion of parsimony.

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    Concept of Humanity
    • Both pessimistic and optimistic;
    • Middle on the dimension of free choice
    versus determinism;
    • Slightly favour teleology;
    • Middle stance in conscious vs unconscious
    motivation;
    • Social influences; and,
    • Moderate emphasis on similarities among
    people.
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