Contemporary

Philippine Arts from

the Regions
How do you express Art?

What is your definition of

ART?
 The Nature of ART
Introduction: “Art in our lives”
ART plays a large part in making our lives infinitely RICH.

ART gives us a way to be creative and

express ourselves.

ART is functional and aesthetically pleasing

to our eyes.
 The Nature of ART
What is ART?
How would you define ART?
• For many people art is a specific thing; a painting,
sculpture or photograph, a dance, a poem or a play. It is all
of these things, and more. They are mediums of artistic
expression.

• Webster’s New Collegiate dictionary defines art as,

“ The conscious use of skill and creative
imagination especially in the production of aesthetic
objects.”
 The Nature of ART
What is ART?
…yet art is much more than a medium, or words on a page. It is the
expression of our experience.

Joseph Brodsky hints at a definition of art in his poem “New Life”:

“Ultimately, one’s unbound

curiosity about these empty zones,
about these objectless vistas,
is what art seems to be all about.”
 The Nature of ART
What is ART?
• Other definitions emphasize that

• Art is subjective and art is more subjective

than objective. (Art for art itself)

• Art is form and content. ( there is always a

concept)

• There is a connection between beauty and art

and beauty is the measure of quality of art.
 The Nature of ART
What is ART?

ART existed since man learned to draw and before he could

even start to talk as shown by the early paintings in prehistoric period.

The body of ART consisted of IDEAS, BELIEFS and

VALUES of the past, present and future.
ACTIVITY TIME!
 The Nature of ART
Purposes and Functions of ART
ALL ARTS have a function, for man, the maker, creates things because
he has a particular need for them.

Must Art Communicate?

What is communicated by a
church?
A vase?
A furniture?
A painting?
A dance?
 The Nature of ART
Purposes and Functions of ART
What do you think is the message of the artist in this masterpiece?

How did work make you feel?

“Kinupot” by Edgar Fernandez, 1978
 The Nature of ART
Purposes and Functions of ART
ART functions can be classified into:
1. Motivated (Function) this is the classification of art according
to its usefulness.
- architecture, weaving, furniture- making

2. Non- motivated (Non- Functional) this is the other

classification of which is “art for art’ sake and functions to give
pleasure in contemplation of beautiful and further leads to
contemplation where artwork comes before meaning and its
usefulness.
- painting, sculpture, literature, music and theater arts
 ACTIVITY

1. 2. 3.

3. 4. 5.
 The Nature of ART
Purposes and Functions of ART
What is the purpose of art?

ART objects provide visual delectation. People can make art objects
serve a wide variety of additional functions, and have done so. These other functions may
make them interesting for historical or intellectual reasons, but don't have
any goodness (or badness) in themselves. It happens, especially in contemporary art, that an
artist presents an object with poor visual qualities, with functions other than visual delectation.
Such objects often have the intention to provoke thought in some way. Whatever interesting
insights they may prompt.
 The Nature of ART
Purposes and Functions of ART
What is the purpose of art?
•CEREMONIAL: Artworks created to support
worship ceremonies or to use in rituals
and celebrations.

•NARRATIVE: Artworks that tell stories describe

and illustrate experiences or communicate
information. Art to document important or
historical events.
What is the purpose of art?
•FUNCTIONAL: Artistic objects used in
everyday life.

• ARTISTIC EXPRESSION: Artwork to

express or communicate emotions,
ideas or feelings. Used for self
expression or to decorate or
beautify.
 ACTIVITY TIME!
(group or individual)
• Look for spots(e.g. Architecture) or artworks with in your area. Take
an instagramable photo together with it and post it on your
Instagram/facebook with a caption (location).
• Create your own hashtag
• #discoverartin_____
• #ConArts2019
• #ABCSHS
• Don’t forget to tag ME!!! 
 The Nature of ART
Types of ART
VISUAL ART – Is a term used to describe a wide array of
artistic disciplines that are appreciated primarily through
sight. Visual Arts or spatial arts are those art forms that we
perceive with our eyes, and which occupy space.

Two-dimensional art consists of paintings, drawings, prints and

photographs while sculpture is considered as an example of three-
dimensional art.
 The Nature of ART
Types of ART: Visual Art
•FINE ARTS- Fine Arts or Aesthetic Art are ARTWORKS we readily
associate with art. The term “FINE ARTS” was first used to describe the
art forms created primarily for its appearance rather than its
practical use, especially visual and auditory. As time passed, this
term was used to include artworks that came about from emerging
technology and artistic innovations.

• Common Examples of FINE ARTS: drawing, painting, sculpture,

print, graphic art, calligraphy architecture, photography.
Types of ART
Visual ART
 Types of ART
Visual ART
DECORATIVE ART- decorative arts, also known as decorative
crafts, are artworks that are both aesthetically pleasing and
functional. Decorative arts are not only beautiful but are useful
as well. Many artist in the West consider the decorative arts as
lower version of art; makers of this artworks were not considered
as artists but rather as craftsmen. Practical or useful arts are
directed to produce artifacts and utensils for the satisfaction of
human needs.
There are multitude of examples of decorative arts, most common of
which are:
Textile art, glassware, jewelry, furniture,
earthenware, metal craft, embroidery, ceramics
 •Activity 2
•Base on “The Brief History of Philippine
Art”, read and find significant visual
artworks (fine and decorative) in the
period of the history assign to you.
•Make an illustration of the artworks found
( 2 dimensional, 3 dimensional, diorama)
•Base the theme of your design on the
period assign to you.
3. Give 2 examples of an artwork found with
in your community and discuss.
 Types of ART
Performing Arts

• PERFORMING ARTS- When artists use their voices and/or their

body movements to communicate artistic expression, this is an
example of PERFORMING ARTS. Performing arts come in many
kinds, but all are meant to be enacted in front of a live audience.

Performing Arts are often categorized into three types:

MUSIC, DANCE and THEATER

 Types of ART
Performing Arts

• MUSIC- Music is a universal form of art. It is defined as the

manipulation of sound and silence. It blends the different elements
such as RHYTHM, MELODY, DYNAMICS, HARMONY,

TEXTURE,FORM, COLOR and STYLE to create sound. It is performed

by utilizing different instruments, vocals techniques, and styles. It can
be performed live or recorded and can be prepared in advance or
improvised.
 Types of ART
Performing Arts: MUSIC

• MUSIC comes in a variety of MUSIC GENRES, with each genre

having subcategory.

Most common music genres are:

•ART MUSIC - Art music is the umbrella term used to

refer to music that stems from WESTERN
CLASSICAL MUSIC. It is usually presented and
preserved through written musical notations that
were developed in Europe.
 Types of ART
Performing Arts: MUSIC

•ART MUSIC- classical music, cultured music,

serious music, music that implies advanced
structural and theoretical considerations or
written musical traditions.
• It is in contrast with ordinary everyday music-
POP MUSIC
 Types of ART
Performing Arts: MUSIC
Different Cultural/Classical Periods are:

Baroque----------------------1600-1750
Classic------------------------ 1644-1793
Rococo----------------------- 1715-1744
Romantic-------------------- 1773-1848
Impressionist--------------- 1863-1900
Modern---------------------- 1895-1960
 Types of ART
Performing Arts: MUSIC
Famous Classical Music Composers:

Ludwig van Beethoven (1770-1827)

Johann Sebastian Back (1685-1750)
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756-91)
Johannes Brahms (1833-83)
Richard Wagner (1813-83)
Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky (1840-93)
Frederich Chopin (1810-49)
 Types of ART
Performing Arts: MUSIC
• Most common music genre are:
•POPULAR MUSIC – Popular music generally refers to music that is
accessible and commercially available to the public. It is
played or disseminated through different mass media
outlets such as radios, television, and the Internet.
•TRADITIONAL MUSIC- Traditional music are music forms that are
community and culturally based. It is diverse with one
community or group often having a different form from
another. It is learned and preserved by passing it to one
generation to another through oral communication and
actual performance.
• Examples: Harana, Folk music (Christian, Southern,
Indegenous) and Epic poetry
 Types of ART
Performing Arts: MUSIC
• Examples of Traditional Lowland Filipino Music:
• Diuna- work, nuptial song
• Talingdao- similar to the pandanggo
• Soliranin- sad, monotonous song sung on hot days
• Indolanin- rustic song, street song
• Dolanin- merry song of love, nuptial song
• Hila- hila-bangca song with qustions and answers
• Manigpasin- similar to munera, sequidillas,
manchegas
 Types of ART
Performing Arts: MUSIC
• Examples of Kundiman
• Madaling Araw (Santiago)
• Anak ng Dalita (Santiago)
• Bituing Marikit (music by Abelardo)
• Kundiman ng 1800 (Folk Kundiman)
• Himutok (music by Abelardo)
• Dalagang Pilipina (Balitaw
• Mariposa- Aliparo (1899) Danza
Activity 2:
•As a group, create a playlist of the 3
different genres of MUSIC.
• Popular Music in the Philippines
(development)
80’s, 90’s early 2000 and current pop
music
 Types of ART
Performing Arts: DANCE
• DANCE is defined as regulated and deliberated
order of body movements. These movements
have aesthetic value and are often performed
accompanied with music.

• DANCE is an expression in rhythmic

movements of an intensified sense of life,
arising from an inner perception that stimulates
both mind and body.
 Types of ART
Performing Arts: DANCE
• Depictions in prehistoric cave paintings in Europe suggest that some
form of dance already existed during the Paleolithic Period. In
the long, ensuing interrelation between dance and society, the
dance has served many purposes:

• Expressions of superstition
• Prayer
• Ritual
• Ceremony
• Social pleasure
• Entertainment
• art
 Types of ART
Performing Arts: DANCE
CLASSIFICATION of DANCE

•COMMUNAL DANCE- In primitive early tribal cultures dance was a

methodology for survival. Confronted by an environment
that could be rationally controlled nor evaded, members of
these tribes sought to transcend the consciousness of self
by achieving an ecstatic state, in which they would arrive at
a mastery over evil spirits through their dance.
 Types of ART
Performing Arts: DANCE
•PRIMITIVE DANCE – The search for magical mastery over nature
through loss of self is the distinctive characteristics of primitive
dance. The ecstatic state was reached by repetition of
monotonous movements in movements in powerful rhythm- the
rhythmic beat to every movement, usually accompanied by
drums; the hard stamping of the feet upon the ground with bent
knees; and the continuous, prolonged repetition of the basic
movements.
•RITUAL DANCE- The distinction between primitive dance and ritual
dance is that the latter is conscious dance, organized volitionally
in its design, purpose, and meaning. Ritual dance represents a
much later societal development, a level of civilization where
dance celebrated mythology rather than magic.
 Types of ART
Performing Arts: DANCE
•FOLK DANCE- Folk dance developed from the racial or regional
memories of old motifs in communal dance and reflected
social and recreational expression. Thus the chain dance,
the professional , the whirling dance, and the circling
dance all became characteristics of European folk dance.
•SOCIAL DANCE- Coupled dance emerged in the 15th century Europe
in a variety of vigorous adaptations and refinements of folk
dance developed by the dancing masters of the time. These
new dances are gay and lively in character and was developed
first as a social diversion among the aristocracy of France and
Italy.
 Types of ART
Performing Arts: DANCE
• THEATER DANCE: BALLET – Ballet is a dance system based on a set of
classic, fundamental principles of movement and training that
govern every aspect of its form and technique.

•French Ballet- Ballet originated in Italy, in the

princely courts of the 5th century. Louis XIV
become the most potent single influence in the
development of ballet when he established
Academic Royale de Dance in 1661. The
Academic Royale de Musique in 1669 survives
today as the Paris Opera.
 Types of ART
Performing Arts: DANCE
•RUSSIAN BALLET- The Imperial School of Ballet was
founded in Saint Petersburg (then Leningrad) in
1738 but did not receive official patronage until
1766, when Catherine II established the directorate
of imperial theatres, roughly a century after Louis
XIV had established the Paris Opera. The most
brilliant impresario of Russian ballet was Sergei
Diaghilev. Its debut in Paris changed the course of
ballet history.
 Types of ART
Performing Arts: DANCE

•WORLD BALLET- The United States, Great Britain with its Royal
Ballet and the USSR, with Bolshoi Ballet in Moscow and Kirov
Ballet in Leningrad, have the best known companies and the
largest audiences, but there are important ballet companies
throughout the world that continue to re-create the classics while
being enriched by contemporary repertoire.

• Other examples like:

• Break dance, Improvisational Dance , Hiphop, Modern and
Contemporary Dance
 Types of ART
Performing Arts: THEATER
•THEATER or PLAY- is branch of performing arts that
often involves the integration and combination of
the visual and performing arts. It is defined as a fine
art where actors or actresses perform experiences,
whether real or imagined, in front of a live
audience. The performers make use of gestures,
music, song, dance, and visual at to help
communicate the story in front of an audience.
 Types of ART
Performing Arts: THEATER
• DIFFERENT GENRES of PLAYS:

•COMEDY- Comedies are plays which designed to be humorous.

Comedies are often filled with witty remarks, unusual characters
and strange circumstances. Certain comedies are geared toward
different age groups.

• A Midsummer Night’s Dream (By William Shakespeare)

• William Shakespeare’s play, A Midsummer Night’s Dream, is a good
example of a romantic comedy, presenting young lovers falling
comically in and out of love for a brief period. Their real world
problems get resolved magically, enemies reconcile, and true lovers
unite in the end.
 Types of ART
Performing Arts: THEATER
•TRAGEDY- These plays contain darker themes such as death and
disaster. Often the protagonist of the play has a tragic flaw, a
trait which leads to their downfall. Tragic plays convey all
emotions and have very dramatic conflicts.

• Shakespeare, the most popular of all playwrights, knew the Greek

tragedy style well and he used several Greek themes but modified
them to his own purpose. He intentionally violates the unity of action
and mixes tragic actions with comical. Examples of tragedy written by
Shakespeare include:

• Hamlet, Othello, King Lear, Macbeth, Antony and Cleopatra,

Troilus and Cressida
 Types of ART
Performing Arts: THEATER

•HISTORICAL- These plays focus on actual historical events.

They can be tragedies or comedies, but are often neither of
these. History as a separate genre was popularized by William
Shakespeare.

• Examples of historical plays include

Friedrich Schiller's Demetrius and William Shakespeare's King
John.
 Types of ART
Performing Arts: THEATER
•MUSICAL THEATRE- Musical theater is a form of theater
combining music, songs, spoken dialog, and dance. The varied
emotional aspects of the production—humor, pathos, love, anger—as
well as the story itself, are communicated through the words, music,
dance, and staging of the entertainment as an integrated whole.

• Musical theater works, usually referred to as "musicals," are performed

around the world. They may be presented in large venues, such as big
budget West End and Broadway theater productions in London and New
York City, or in smaller off-Broadway or regional productions, on tour, or by
amateur groups in schools, theaters, and other informal stages. In addition
to Britain and the United States, there are vibrant musical theater scenes
in Germany, Austria, the Philippines, France, Canada, Japan, Eastern
Europe, Australia, and many other countries.
 Types of ART
Performing Arts: THEATER

•THEATER OF THE ABSURD- Theatre of the Absurd: This genre

generally includes metaphysical representations of existential
qualms and questions. Theatre of the absurd denies rationality,
and embraces the inevitability of falling into the abyss of the
human condition. Instead of discussing these issues, however,
theatre of the absurd is a demonstration of them. This leaves the
audience to discuss and question the content of the play for
themselves.

• Examples are
• Samuel Beckett’s – Waiting for Godot (1952) plot is eliminated, and a timeless,
circular quality emerges as two lost creatures, usually played as tramps, spend their
days waiting—but without any certainty of whom they are waiting for or of whether
he, or it, will ever come.
ACTIVITY 2

• Create a BROCHURE that shows different

FINE ARTS (at least 5 pictures) that are found
in your community. Each art form should have a
picture and a caption explaining the artwork,
artist, functions and purpose, and location.
2. Identify the type of VISUAL ART and discuss the purpose and function of
the artworks below: (2-3 each)
a. B. C. D.
Quiz:
1. Define ART base on the picture given (3-5)