SARVAJANIK COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY ,SURAT

FACULTY OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

MASTER OF ENGINEERING (TOWN AND COUNTRY PLANNING)
Affiliated with
GUJARAT TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY

Graduate Report Presentation on

Storm water Collection

ME –TCP , YEAR -1, Semester -1
Under the subject of
INFRASTRUCTURE AND TRANSPORTATION PLANNING
(Subject Code :2714083)

Prepared by :
Guided by :
Ajay R. Patel
Prof. Zarana H. Gandhi
Enrollment no : 190420748016
Prof. Palak S. Shah

Prof.(Dr.) Pratima Patel

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STORM WATER COLLECTION ) 1
Content
⮚Introduction
⮚Storm water collection
⮚Components of stormwater collection
⮚Case study
⮚Concluding Remark
⮚References

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 Introduction
• Stormwater is the water that drains
off a land area from rainfall. This
includes rain that falls on rooftops,
directed through gutters and
downpipes onto land or into drains,
as well as rain falling on ground
surface areas such as roads,
driveways, footpaths, gardens and Figure 1: Storm-water (source: americanrivers.org)
lawns.

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• Rainwater refers only to the rain that falls on the roof, which can be harvested
into a storage tank prior to contact with the ground. Rainwater quality is much
higher, since groundwater generally contains many more contaminants including
soil, organic matter, fertilizers from gardens, oil residues from driveways and the
like.
• In natural landscapes, such as forests, soil absorbs much of the stormwater.
Plants also reduce stormwater by improving infiltration, intercepting
precipitation as it falls, and by taking up water through their roots. In developed
environments, unmanaged stormwater can create two major issues: one related
to the volume and timing of runoff (flooding) and the other related to potential
contaminants the water is carrying (water pollution).

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Storm water collection
❑ Stormwater is collected from a number of sources and you need to be
familiar with each one ,as it will influence the way you control the flow of
water.
1) Roof water : water collected from the roofs of buildings is called roof
water. In urban areas, this is an important source of stormwater and needs
to be managed to ensure the runoff goes where it should .
2) Surface water :- water that travels over paved or unpaved areas is surface
water. In this case , you will be concerned about the types of
surface(Pervious or impervious ) and the contour and fall of the surface.

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3) Subsoil water :- Water trapped in water bearing ground is referred to
as subsoil water. Subsoil water can
• Flow from an adjoins property.
• Be trapped behind a brick wall and it’s foundations
• Collect at a low spot.

4 ) Subsoil drain: -
A subsoil drain is laid underground and allows for the collection and
passage of subsoil water to a storm water drain. This can be used to
increase the stability of the land especially around building footings,
reduce surface water for example, under a lawn and reduce subsoil water
pressure such as in a building basement.

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Components of stormwater collection

❑ Green Roofs
❑ Bioretention / Rain Garden
❑ Pervious Pavements
❑ Vegetated Swale
❑ Infiltration Trench
❑ Infiltration Basin
❑ Wet Pond / Retention Basin

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Green roof
• Green roofs comprise a multi-layered system that covers the roof of a
building or structure with vegetation cover/landscaping. The roof is likely to
consist of an impermeable layer, a substratum or growing medium and a
drainage layer. Green roofs are designed to intercept and retain
precipitation, reducing the volume of runoff and attenuating peak flow

Figure 2: Green roof(Source: moorefrmbsg.org)

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❑Benefits :-
▪ Reduced & Delayed Runoff
▪ Insulation of buildings
▪ Lower energy Consumption
▪ Habitat for birds and insects
▪ Reduced carbon dioxide levels
❑Limitations :-
▪ Leakage
▪ Harsh conditions for Vegetation
▪ Higher cost
▪ Higher Maintenance
Figure 3: Green roof (Source: roofgenius.com )

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Bioretention / Rain Garden
• Bioretention areas (also referred to as bioretention cells or rain gardens) use
soil, plants and microbes to treat stormwater before it is infiltrated or
discharged. Bioretention areas are shallow depressions filled with sandy
soil, topped with a thick layer of mulch, and planted with dense vegetation.

Figure 3: Bioretention/ Rain garden(source: pinterest.com)

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❑ Benefits :-
▪ Reduce Runoff volume
▪ Filter Pollutants
▪ Recharge Groundwater
▪ Enhance Aesthetics
▪ Provide Habitat
❑ Limitations :-
▪ Regular Inspection
Figure 4: Bioretention area(Source: susdrain.org)
▪ Rain Garden may Require
Watering in dry season
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Pervious pavements
• Water that travels over paved or unpaved area is surface water. In this case,
you will be concerned about the types of surface it may be pervious or
impervious surface.

Figure 5: Pervious pavements (Source: nacto.org)

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❑ Benefits :-
▪ Good for impervious areas
▪ Reduces runoff
▪ Increased infiltration
▪ Healthier vegetation
❑ Limitations :-
▪ Higher construction & maintenance cost
▪ Depends on Infiltration Rates of Underlying soils
▪ Less durable

Figure 6: Pervious pavement(source: bigreddog.com)

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Infiltration trench
• Infiltration trenches are shallow excavations with rubble or stone that create
temporary subsurface storage of stormwater runoff, thereby enhancing the
natural capacity of the ground to store and drain water.

Figure 7: Infiltration trench (Source: susdrain.org)

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❑ Benefits :-
▪ Ground water Recharging.
▪ Stormwater Treatment.
▪ Good for small sites with Porous soils.

❑ Limitations :-
▪ Ground Contamination.
▪ High clogging Potential.
▪ Significant setback Requirements.
▪ Geotechnical testing required.
Figure 8: Infiltration trench (Source :help.innovyze.com)

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Infiltration Basin
• Infiltration basins are vegetated depressions designed to store runoff on the
surface and infiltrate it gradually into the ground. They are dry except in
periods of heavy rainfall.

Figure 9: Infiltration basin (Source: susdrain.org)

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❑ Benefits :-
▪ 100 % Reduction in the Load discharged to
Surface water.
▪ Approximation of pre-development hydrology.
▪ Channel Erosion control.

❑ Limitations :-
▪ Not appropriate for Industrial / spill sites.
▪ Not suitable on fill-sites or steeps slopes.
▪ Infiltration rate > 0.5 and < 2.4 inch/hr.
▪ Difficult to Restore once Clogged.

Figure 10: Infiltration basin (Source: prj.geosyntec.com)

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Wet pond / Retention Basin
• Retention ponds can provide both stormwater attenuation and treatment.
They are designed to support emergent and submerged aquatic vegetation
along their shoreline. Runoff from each rain event is detained and treated in
the pool.

Figure 11: Wet pond/ Retention pond (Source: susdrain.org)

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❑ Benefits :-
▪ Wildlife and wetlands habitat
▪ Aesthetic & Recreational value
▪ Public amenity when integrated into a park.
▪ Water quality improvement.

❑ Limitations :-
▪ Public safety concern.
▪ Mosquito breeding.
▪ Con not be placed on steep slopes.

Figure 11: Wet pond/ Retention basin(Source: pinterest.com)

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Case study
• The Gandhinagar is Green city and the capital Gujarat state. The
urbanization of city impact reduces the infiltration land, it occurs the
low infiltration of rainwater in ground.
• The stormwater runoff occurs when the rainfalls over the infiltration
land such as roadway, walk way, parking lots, rooftop and other
surface that prevent the infiltration of stormwater.
• The Stormwater management practice to prevent the pollution of
runoff and use in storing tank the and water infiltration in ground.

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Objective of study
1. To provide effective, economic, safe and sustainable Stormwater
managements practice. To Store and use Stormwater.
2. To use the stormwater, support the green infrastructure such as
irrigation.
3. To prevents stormwater impact such as flooding and water-logging.
4. To increase the infiltration by reducing paved surface and
developing green areas.

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Need of study
1. To manage Stormwater runoff it occurs flooding in Gandhinagar
city.
2. The lack of the proper drainage system it occurs the overflow into
sewer line.
3. Due to erosion of land it occurs sedimentation into sewer system.
4. The rain is main source of pure water, this rain water discharging
into river is already polluted by industrials west and sewer system its
west of Stormwater.
5. Lack of infiltration of rainwater in ground due to urbanization, its
require to recharging of groundwater.

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Study area
• Due to Urbanization increase the
land use in different sector such as
residual and public development.
This development reduces the
infiltration land, it causes the urban
storm problem Select the Area of
Gandhinagar the problem of the
Stormwater. Study area select East
side KH 7 to CH 7 And South side
CH 7 to CH 4. The total study area
7.21km2 in Include sector Figure 12: study area (source: irjet.net)
27,28,29,22,23,24,15,16 and 17.
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 Problems

Figure 13: Stormwater problem Figure 14 : Sedimentation in storm sewer

(Source: irjet.net) (Source: irjet.net)

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Solution

Figure 15: Existing Drainage Manhole Figure 16: Designed Drainage Manhole
(Source: irjet.net) (Source: irjet.net)

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Concluding Remark

• Water scarcity is serious problem throughout the world for both urban
and rural community.
• And due to the rapid urbanization that increase stormwater runoff that
increase stormwater runoff and that water is not infiltrate or penetrate
in a ground so that’s why ground water table level is also decreased.
• This problem can be solved by the providing a stormwater collection
components, such as infiltration trench , pervious pavement,
Infiltration basin etc..

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Reference
• Susdrain, The community for sustainable drainage,2019
• American River threats-solutions clean-water & stormwater-runoff,
2019
• Stormwater Management a Case Study of Gandhinagar City, Volume:
04 Issue: 12, Dec-2017

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