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    System Design Calculation

    Uploaded by

    Tomilayo Samuel Adeyemi
    This document provides guidelines for sizing the key components of a solar PV power system, including: 1) Determining the consumer energy demand based on electrical loads and running times. 2) Sizing the solar panel to meet the consumer energy demand based on the performance ratio and peak sun hours. 3) Calculating the battery capacity needed based on the consumer energy demand, desired days of autonomy, and depth of discharge. 4) Sizing the charge controller based on the maximum power point current from the solar panels and panel voltage. 5) Selecting appropriate cable sizes based on voltage drop, length, current, and material.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    System Design Calculation

    Uploaded by

    Tomilayo Samuel Adeyemi
    250 views16 pages
    This document provides guidelines for sizing the key components of a solar PV power system, including: 1) Determining the consumer energy demand based on electrical loads and running times. 2) Sizing the solar panel to meet the consumer energy demand based on the performance ratio and peak sun hours. 3) Calculating the battery capacity needed based on the consumer energy demand, desired days of autonomy, and depth of discharge. 4) Sizing the charge controller based on the maximum power point current from the solar panels and panel voltage. 5) Selecting appropriate cable sizes based on voltage drop, length, current, and material.

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    material on solar pv installation

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    This document provides guidelines for sizing the key components of a solar PV power system, including: 1) Determining the consumer energy demand based on electrical loads and running times. 2) Sizing the solar panel to meet the consumer energy demand based on the performance ratio and peak sun hours. 3) Calculating the battery capacity needed based on the consumer energy demand, desired days of autonomy, and depth of discharge. 4) Sizing the charge controller based on the maximum power point current from the solar panels and panel voltage. 5) Selecting appropriate cable sizes based on voltage drop, length, current, and material.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    250 views16 pages

    System Design Calculation

    Uploaded by

    Tomilayo Samuel Adeyemi
    This document provides guidelines for sizing the key components of a solar PV power system, including: 1) Determining the consumer energy demand based on electrical loads and running times. 2) Sizing the solar panel to meet the consumer energy demand based on the performance ratio and peak sun hours. 3) Calculating the battery capacity needed based on the consumer energy demand, desired days of autonomy, and depth of discharge. 4) Sizing the charge controller based on the maximum power point current from the solar panels and panel voltage. 5) Selecting appropriate cable sizes based on voltage drop, length, current, and material.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
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    The key takeaways from the document are the main components and sizing requirements of a solar PV system including system voltage, consumer energy demand, solar panel sizing, battery sizing, charge controller sizing and cable sizing.

    The main factors that determine the system voltage of a solar PV system are the electrical devices loads, the energy demand, and the cable lengths between the PV array, battery and electrical loads.

    The main factors that determine the consumer energy demand in a solar PV system are the real power rating and running time of devices, the efficiency of the inverter, the inverter standby consumption and its running time.

    NATIONAL POWER TRAINING INSTITUTE OF NIGERIA

    SOLAR POWER SYSTEM

    (PV SYSTEM SIZING)


    PV SYSTEM SIZING REQUIREMENT

    1. Site survey (structures, electrical consumers, meteorological


    data)
    2. Determine consumer energy demand
    3. System voltage (12V, 24V, 48V)
    4. Determine PV array power
    5. Determine battery capacity and system voltage
    6. Determine charger controller voltage and current
    7. Determine inverter power
    8. Determine cable size
    SYSTEM VOLTAGE
     The system voltage depends on:

    1. Electrical devices loads (ac or dc)

    2. Energy demand (approx. up to 1KVAh 12V, up to 2.5KVAh


    24V)

    3. Cable lengths which includes:

    a. PV – battery

    b. Battery – electrical consumer (dc devices & inverter)


    CONSUMER ENERGY DEMAND

     The consumer energy demand depends on:

    1. Real power rating of devices (apparent power in case


    of ac)

    2. Running time of devices

    3. Efficiency of inverter (app. 85% - 95%)

    4. Inverter standby consumption (app. 1% of rated


    power)

    5. Inverter standby running time


    CONSUMER ENERGY DEMAND
    CALCULATION

     Inverter output energy (VAh) = Device wattage x hrs. of usage


    cosθ

     Inverter input energy (VAh) = Inverter output energy


    Inverter efficiency

     Inverter standby consumption (VAh) = Standby wattage x runtime

     Therefore, Consumer Energy Demand is given as:

    Inverter input Inverter standby


    CED = + consumption
    energy (VAh)
    (VAh)
    EXAMPLE
     A family load audit runs as follows: 6CFL bulb(20W), 1TV set
    (50W), 1DSTV decoder (12W), 3fans (100W) and 1 fridge
    (222KWh/annum) running for 5hrs per day. What is the total daily
    energy demand of the family?
    LOAD CALCULATION/ SIZING
    Energy
    Device QTY Watts Cos θ App. power (VA) Hrs.
    (VAh)

    Television 1 50 0.6 83 5 415

    CFL bulbs 6 40 0.6 400 5 2000

    DSTV 1 12 0.6 20 5 100

    Fan 3 100 0.6 500 5 2500

    Fridge 1 25 1 25 5 125

    Miscellaneous 1 100 1 100 5 500

    TOTAL 1128 5640


    Consumer Energy Demand =
    amount of energy discharge from battery

    Device
    energy
    Solar energy demand
    generation

    Battery charge Consumer energy demand


    C (Ah) (battery discharge)
    INVERTER SIZING

    Apparent power
    (VA) of devices
    (ac or dc)
    PERFORMANCE RATIO (PR)= 65%
    PR depends on:
    1. Operating voltage = battery
    Out of MPP voltage is app. 25% less than
    operation losses
    MPP
    = 25%
    2. Losses due to dust
    Performance

    3. Battery charging losses


    4. Charge controller losses
    5. Wiring losses

    Electrical
    losses = 3% Charging
    Ratio = 65%
    losses = 7%
    PANEL SIZING
     Solar energy demand from the panel is given as:

    Solar Energy demand = Consumer energy demand


    Performance Ratio = 65%

     Thus, Solar Power (Wp) is given as:

    Solar Power (Wp) = Solar energy demand


    Peak Sun Hour (PSH) – worst month
    8,676Wh
    5,640Wh
    Solar energy demand
    Consumer energy demand

    Losses = 35%
    8676Wh x 65% = 5640

    5640/PR=65% = 8,676Wh
    BATTERY SIZING

     Battery capacity of a Solar system depends on:

    1. Daily consumer energy demand or battery discharge (Ah)

    2. Desired lifespan in cycles or Depth of Discharge (DoD)

    3. Days of Autonomy

     Thus, Battery capacity (C) is given as:

    C= Consumer energy demand x Days of autonomy


    DoD x System voltage
    Battery capacity (C) can also be given as:

    C = battery discharge x Days of autonomy


    DoD

    C (Ah) = +

    Consumer energy demand


    (battery discharge)
    CHARGE CONTROLLER SIZING

     Charge controller rating depends on:


    1. Current at MPP from the PV modules
    2. Panel voltage
    3. Plus 20% oversize factor
    CABLE SIZING
     Cable rating depends on:
    1. Desired max voltage drop
    2. Length
    3. Material
    4. Current
     Thus, Cable rating is given as:

    ΔV = 2L x I
    ρA
     The max allowable voltage drop from PV to battery and from
    battery to loads is 3%

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