Presentation ON Fire Hazards in Power Plant

PRESENTATION
ON
FIRE HAZARDS IN POWER PLANT
COAL HANDLING PLANT
1
TYPE OF COAL
01 BITUMINOUS COAL (Eastern Coal Fields)
02. SEMI BITUMINOUS COAL (Western Coal Fields)
03. LIGNITE COAL
04. ANTHRACITE COAL
05. GRAPHITE COAL

2
TRANSPORTATION OF COAL
By Road, Rail, Ship/ Barges And Conveyor Belts
STORAGE OF COAL
In Open Storage- 30 To 35 Days Even Up To 90 Days.
3
SYSTEM COMPONENTS OF COAL HANDLING
PLANT
• Track Hopper
• Dragline Scrapper Stacker And
• Dozers / Reclaimers
• Wagon Tippler
• Belt Conveyors
• Magnetic Separators.
• Crusher House
• Ground Hoppers.
4
SYSTEM COMPONENTS OF COAL HANDLING
PLANT
• Vibrator Feeders.
• Storage Bunkers
• Weight Bridges And Weighing Scale
• Transfer Points
• Peddle Feeder
• CHP Control Room
• Conveyor/Cable Gallery
• CHP Work Shop
5
• CHP Pump House

CONVEYOR BELTING SYSTEM
Most common , effective and Economical
means for continuous movement of coal in
thermal power plant between points.
RISK:
Injury- fatal accident- Serious, severe damage
to Life & Property.
Break in chain may cause production loss.
6
Excessive spillage -loss, waste of material
Occupational safety, health problem
HAZARDS:
• Design defect, mechanical failure
• Unguarded pulleys and idlers
• Belt slippage.
7
POOR OPERATIONAL PRACTICES
• Inadequate/ Poor Maintenance

• Poor House Keeping
• Spillage Of Material
• Fire From Friction, Over Heating, Static Charge
• Hot Coal Carried Or Spilled On The Belt.
• Other Electrical Sources.
• Un Controlled Hot Work
8
GENERAL FEATURES OF CONVEYER BELT
Speed 3 M/Sec.
Width 1200 MM
Indention UP TO 17 O
Carrying Capacity 1800 T/ Hours.

9
Pulverized Coal
 The use of pulverized coal for firing
furnaces/burners results in better
utilization of coal, because each fine
particle of coal gets enveloped in air and
its combustion is complete, resulting in
higher heat output, higher temperature
and no appreciable formation of smoke.
But pulverized coal has a higher fire
hazard as compared to coal in lump
form.
10
Cont..
 It may also cause serious explosions if
adequate precautions are not taken
during the process of pulverization and
while it is being used for firing the
furnace. Due care must, therefore, be
taken in the selection, installation and
maintenance of coal handling, coal
pulverization and associated equipment
and in the operation of coal pulverization
plants.
11
 Coals received from more than one
sources may vary in size and
impurities that may exceed the
capability of the plant equipment. In
all such cases, therefore, care must
be taken to ensure that the coal is
well within the requirements of coal
handling and coal burning
equipment. Wide variations in the
size of raw coal may result in
12
 Errartic or uncontrollable coal
feeding with its attendant hazards.
 Coal stored in bulk is susceptible to
spontaneous combustion. Care must
also be taken to ensure that
spontaneously heated coal is not fed
into the system along with other
coal.
13
 Raw coal may contain foreign
materials, such as scrap iron, wood
shoring, rags and stones, which can
interrupt the coal feed, damage or
jam the equipment, or may cause
ignition of coal dust within the
pulverizer. Interruption in coal flow
may also cause total or partial
flame-out at the burners followed by
14
 Possible re-ignition, which may result in
a dangerous furnace puff or explosion. It
is therefore, essential to remove all
foreign materials from the raw coal
before it is fed into the pulverizer.
 When coal dust in the open is disturbed
or when it leaks from a pipe or machine,
it gives rise to a coal dust cloud which
can lead to serious explosion if ignited.
All dust accumulations and leaks of coal
15
 Dust must, therefore, be eliminated
through careful design and maintenance
of the plant.
 Methane gas released from freshly
crushed or pulverized coal may
accumulate in enclosed spaces and
explode when ignited by a chance spark
or naked flame. Efficient mechanical
ventilation of pulverizing plant rooms
and elimination of all sources of ignition
are therefore, essential.
16
 Coal dust-air mixture flowing
through pipes and other equipment
gives rise to the generation of static
electrical charges, which can cause
ignition of the mixture unless
necessary precautions are taken to
prevent accumulation of static
electrical charges.
17
 An efficient operating system shall
be incorporated in the plant design
to ensure that the correct operating
sequence is followed at all times and
that the fuel is admitted to the
burners only when sufficient ignition
energy and correct air flow available
to ensure trouble-free continuous
burning within the furnace.
18
No Opening In Separating Wall , If Unavoidable
An Automatic Fire Check Door May Be
Installed, Wall, Ceiling And Floors Of Coal
Crushing Room Shall Be Highly Polished to
Prevent The Coal Dust From Sticking
On Them Dust Extractors Shall Be Installed,
Flame Proof & Dust Proof Electrical Fitting,
Proper Earthing & Bounding of Equipment.
19
Recommendations of IS 3595: 2002
(Fire safety of Industrial Buildings: Coal Pulverizers and
Associated Equipments)
1. Coal Storage in Open area

2. Coal stock shall be
Average Size Stack height
15 cm 4.5 m
7.5 cm 3m
less than 7.5 cm 2m
Width shall not exceed 90 m
3. Stacks shall be inspected for – smoke, odour of coal gas or
20
Recommendations of IS 3034
(Fire safety of Electrical Generating and Distributing Stations)
4. For larger installation thermometer in metal pipes

5. temp. of 60 °C of Coal stock shall be considered dangerous
6. Conveyor belts shall be enclosed type.
7. All openings through which the conveyor passes shall be
adequately protected
8. Water spray for entire length of conveyor.
9. Hydrant network along with sprayer.
10. Regular inspection of conveyor system.
21
STORAGE OF RAW COAL
 When stored in bulk, coal is susceptible
to spontaneous heating/ignition. High
grade anthracite, under certain
conditions, is an exception. It cannot be
said with certainty which kind of coal has
a higher hazard, because coal from
different sources varies widely in its
composition. Thus, coal from certain
collieries has a greater tendency to heat
up/ignite spontaneously as compared to
others.
22
Cont..
 Coal shall be stored in the open in
heaps/stacks or in bins (bunkers).
 The ground shall be rolled hard and
shall preferably have a hard base of
bricks or concrete.
 Entire storage area shall be kept
clear of all vegetation and foreign
matter, such as leaves, weeds and
oily/greasy rags.
23
Cont..
 A minimum of 15 m separation shall
be maintained between the coal
heaps/stacks and other
structures/open storage. Where this
is no practicable, a masonry wall of
not less than 45 cm thickness shall
be erected between the coal heaps
and other structures; the height of
the wall must not be less than 1 m
24
Cont…
 More than the height of the largest
heap/stack.
 No individual heap/stack shall
contain more than 200 t of coal.
 Where a coal heap/stack contain
mixed sizes of coal and also
contains dust, its height shall be
restricted to a maximum of 2 m.
25
Cont..
 Maximum width of coal
heaps/stacks shall be determined in
accordance with the availability of
fire hydrants.
26
Recommendations of IS 3595:2002
(Fire safety of Industrial Building: Coal Pulverizers and
Associated Equipments)
Maximum Permissible Width of Coal Heap/Stack in Relation

to the Availability of Fire Hydrants
S.No Fire Hydrants Width of Stack

1. On one side of the heap/stack 45 m
2. On two sides of the heap/stack 90 m
27
Cont..
 At the time of building a coal
heap/stack, each successive layer of
coal shall be compacted by
mechanical means so that no
cavities are left in the heap/stack.
The slope on the sides of the
heap/stack shall not exceed 30
degree.
28
Cont..
 Inside temperature of each coal
heap/stack shall be monitored by
suspending thermometers inside
metal pipes placed vertically at 4.5
m intervals in the heap/stack. Each
metal pipe shall be of a length
enable its bottom end to reach
within 10 cm of the bottom of the
heap with a projection of not less
than 1 m above the top surface
29
Cont..
 Of the heap/stack; the pipes shall be
closed and pointed at their lower ends.
At least one reading shall be taken daily
at each pipe. But if the temperature at
any location is 5 degree higher than the
ambient temperature, particular
attention shall be paid to that heap,
keeping a watch over it by increasing the
frequency of temperature monitoring;
30
Cont..
 If the temperature at any location
rises to 60 degree C, it shall be
considered dangerous. In all such
cases, the heap/stack shall be
opened up to expose the heated
region and hot coal removed for
immediate consumption.
 As far as possible, coal must not be
stored for more than 3 months.
31
ANY QUESTIONS
?
32

Presentation ON Fire Hazards in Power Plant

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Presentation ON Fire Hazards in Power Plant

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Presentation ON Fire Hazards in Power Plant

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

PRESENTATION

COAL HANDLING PLANT

02. SEMI BITUMINOUS COAL (Western Coal Fields)

03. LIGNITE COAL

04. ANTHRACITE COAL

05. GRAPHITE COAL

• CHP Pump House

• Inadequate/ Poor Maintenance

Carrying Capacity 1800 T/ Hours.

1. Coal Storage in Open area

4. For larger installation thermometer in metal pipes

Maximum Permissible Width of Coal Heap/Stack in Relation

S.No Fire Hydrants Width of Stack

You might also like