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    Differential Amp: DR Manish Goswami

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    vijeta diwan
    This document discusses differential amplifiers and provides design guidelines. It begins by defining single-ended and differential signaling, noting advantages of differential signaling like noise immunity. It then discusses circuit analysis and design considerations for differential amplifiers. Key steps in the design process are outlined, such as selecting device sizes to meet gain, bandwidth, input common mode range, and other specifications. An assignment is provided to design a differential amplifier meeting given parameters. Sources used are also cited.

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    Differential Amp: DR Manish Goswami

    Uploaded by

    vijeta diwan
    16 views20 pages
    This document discusses differential amplifiers and provides design guidelines. It begins by defining single-ended and differential signaling, noting advantages of differential signaling like noise immunity. It then discusses circuit analysis and design considerations for differential amplifiers. Key steps in the design process are outlined, such as selecting device sizes to meet gain, bandwidth, input common mode range, and other specifications. An assignment is provided to design a differential amplifier meeting given parameters. Sources used are also cited.

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    This document discusses differential amplifiers and provides design guidelines. It begins by defining single-ended and differential signaling, noting advantages of differential signaling like noise immunity. It then discusses circuit analysis and design considerations for differential amplifiers. Key steps in the design process are outlined, such as selecting device sizes to meet gain, bandwidth, input common mode range, and other specifications. An assignment is provided to design a differential amplifier meeting given parameters. Sources used are also cited.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    16 views20 pages

    Differential Amp: DR Manish Goswami

    Uploaded by

    vijeta diwan
    This document discusses differential amplifiers and provides design guidelines. It begins by defining single-ended and differential signaling, noting advantages of differential signaling like noise immunity. It then discusses circuit analysis and design considerations for differential amplifiers. Key steps in the design process are outlined, such as selecting device sizes to meet gain, bandwidth, input common mode range, and other specifications. An assignment is provided to design a differential amplifier meeting given parameters. Sources used are also cited.

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    Differential Amp

    BY
    Dr Manish Goswami

    Sunday, April 26, 2020 1


    Single-Ended and Differential Operation
    • A “single-ended” signal is one that is measured
    with respect to a fixed potential while a
    differential signal is one that is measured
    between two nodes.
    • The “center” potential in differential signaling is
    called the “common-mode” (CM).
    • Advantages of Differentail- Higher immunity to
    “environmental” noise in differential operation
    as compared to single-ended signaling
    Sunday, April 26, 2020 2
    • CM rejection also occurs with noisy supply voltages
    • The differential circuit is more robust to supply noise
    than its single-ended counterpart
    • Differential operation is as beneficial for sensitive
    signals (“victims”) as for noisy lines (“aggressors”)
    • With perfect symmetry, the components coupled
    from CK and CC̅K to the signal line cancel each other.
    • Differential signaling increases maximum achievable
    voltage swings

    Sunday, April 26, 2020 3


    Circuit & Analysis

    Sunday, April 26, 2020 4


    Sunday, April 26, 2020 5
    Sunday, April 26, 2020 6
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    Sunday, April 26, 2020 8
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    Sunday, April 26, 2020 12
    • Differential amplifier forms the first stage in
    operational amplifier.
    • It’s function is to amplify only the difference
    between the two signals and reject any
    common between them.
    • Figure 1 shows typical structure of active load
    MOS differential amplifier

    Sunday, April 26, 2020 13


    vp = vicm + vd vn = vicm−vd

    Differential Gain = vout/( vp−vn) = gm(ro2||ro4)

    Common mode gain = − 1/ 2gm3ro5


    |CMRR| = gm(ro2||ro4)/( 2gm3ro5−1)= 2gm1∗gm3∗ro5(ro2||ro4)

    Sunday, April 26, 2020 14


    Frequency Response
    • The simplified small signal circuit of differential
    amplifier is shown Figure 4. The circuit has two
    capacitances Cm and CL. Cm is mainly formed
    by Cgs3 and Cgs4 but also includes Cgd1,Cdb1
    and Cdb3.
    • Cm = Cgd1 + Cdb1 + Cdb3 + Cgs3 + Cgs4
    Capacitance CL includes Cgd2, Cdb2, Cdb4 and
    Cgd4.
    • CL = Cgd2 + Cdb2 + Cdb4 + Cgd4
    Sunday, April 26, 2020 15
    • The transfer function of differential amplifier
    is given by

    Sunday, April 26, 2020 16


    Design of Differential Amplifier

    • Specifications might consists of:


    • Small signal gain (Av)
    • Frequency response for the given load
    capacitance (f−3dB)
    • Input common mode range
    • Slew rate for given load capacitance
    • Power dissipation

    Sunday, April 26, 2020 17


    STEPS FOR DESIGN
    • Select I5 based on slew rate specification and Vdd,vss &
    Pdiss.
    • To meet the given f−3dB calculate the required Ro and
    modify the I5
    • Select (W L )3,4 to meet the upper ICMR.
    VSG3 = VDD −VICMR + Vtn
    • Select (W L )1,2 to attain the specified gain.
    Av= gm1Ro =gm1 /(gds2 + gds4)
    =
    • Select (W L )5 to meet the lower ICMR.
    Vds5 = VICMR −Vgs
    • Repeat the above steps if all design specifications are not
    met.
    Sunday, April 26, 2020 18
    Assisgment-1
    • Design a differential amplifier for the following
    specifications
    • Parameter Value
    • Av 50dB
    • SR 15V/µs
    • f−3dB 300kHz
    • ICMRmin 1.7V
    • ICMRmax 4.5V
    • Pdiss 1.5mW
    • CL 3pF
    Sunday, April 26, 2020 19
    Books Used as Source
    • Allen Holberg-
    • Razavi

    Sunday, April 26, 2020 20

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