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Control of Synchronous Motor

This presentation discusses speed control methods for 3-phase synchronous motors (SMs). It describes separate and self control using voltage source inverters (VSIs) and current source inverters (CSIs). For self control, the inverter acts as both a VSI and CSI. Closed loop control and applications of SM drives are also covered, including advantages like high efficiency and ability to operate in four quadrants. Common applications include blowers, fans, pumps and industrial machinery.

Uploaded by

Saravanan T Y
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© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
656 views

Control of Synchronous Motor

This presentation discusses speed control methods for 3-phase synchronous motors (SMs). It describes separate and self control using voltage source inverters (VSIs) and current source inverters (CSIs). For self control, the inverter acts as both a VSI and CSI. Closed loop control and applications of SM drives are also covered, including advantages like high efficiency and ability to operate in four quadrants. Common applications include blowers, fans, pumps and industrial machinery.

Uploaded by

Saravanan T Y
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 12

A Presentation on

Speed Control of SM

By
Saravanan T Y
Assistant Professor
EEE Department
NEC Gudur 1
Separate Control of 3-Φ Synchronous Motor
• Separate control of Synchronous motor can be done by VSI.

2
• Here the series inductor (L) which reduces AC ripples and
discontinuous period, capacitor (C) act as a voltage source for
the Inverter.

• In source side a rectifier is connected and load side a inverter is


connected.

• At starting, the speed of the synchronous motor is collected and


is given to the crystal oscillator there if provides the frequency
of the SM.

• By this value the supply frequency is going to be changed and


such that speed control can be done.

3
Self Control of 3-Φ Synchronous Motor
• Self control of Synchronous motor can be done by CSI.

4
• Here from CSI, we have option to feed only one SM and the
inverter can act as both VSI and CSI.
• By using sensor the rotor position is to be identified, and it
produces two mmf’s i.e., field and armature mmf.
• Initially the angle between field and
armature mmf is 1200.
• Whenever rotor rotates, the field mmf
reaches the armature mmf. If it
reaches to 600 then thyristor T1 in the
inverter circuit should starts to
conduct.
• If it conducts again mmf jumps to 600
away from the rotor position then
angle between If and Ia is 1200.

5
• The procedure is repeated up to all thyristors in inverter for
conduction.
• In general, VSI is to get ripple free DC voltage and where as
CSI the voltage source is first converted to current source then it
supplies power to inverter.
• VSI is having a DC source, it has negligible impedance. So that
the terminal voltage of inverter remains constant with variation
in load. Therefore it is suitable to operate at single and multi
motor drives. (short circuit creates large current in drive
circuit)
• CSI is fed from voltage source of high internal impedance, a
phase controlled thyristor, field inverter with regulated current
trough large series inductor.

6
Applications of VSI and CSI

• Air Craft power supply


• UPS
• Variable speed AC drives
• Battery vehicle drives

7
Self Control of 3-Φ SM by using Load Commutated Inverter

8
• For high power applications, wound rotor SM is used. For
Medium and lower power applications, salient pole SM is used.
• The fundamental component of
motor phase current is given by
Fourier series is

• Source side converter thyristors are conducted based on the


forward voltage appears across each thyristors. Similarly load
side converter thyristors are conducted by motor induced
voltage.
• Here motor is taken as load, so it is called as load commutated
converter. The magnitude of the torque depends on (Vd1 – Vd2)

9
• The speed control of SM is done by varying the firing angle in
source side converter.
• The converter act as a inverter when the firing angle is > 900
and < 1800. So we have to take care of commutation over lap
angle.

Merits:
• It does not requires any commutation elements.
• It can be operated at higher frequencies.
• Operates at high power level.

De-Merits:
• When SM is operates at lower speeds i.e., 10% rated value, the
motor induced voltage is insufficient to commutate the thyristors
in inverter.
10
Closed loop control of SM

11
Advantages and Applications of SM Drives
Advantages
• Very high efficiency
• Four Quadrant operation is possible
• Operate for high speed applications
• High power applications

Applications
• Blowers
• Fans
• Pumps
• Elevators
• Conveyers
• Steel Rolling mills
12

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