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    Kinematics

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    Muhammad Arif
    1. Uniform rectilinear motion with constant velocity can be described by the equation s = vt, where s is displacement, v is velocity, and t is time. 2. Accelerated uniform rectilinear motion occurs when an object moves in a straight line with constant acceleration. The equations relating displacement (s), initial velocity (vo), acceleration (a), and time (t) are s = vot + 1/2at2 and v = vo + at. 3. Vertical motion is an example of accelerated uniform rectilinear motion, with gravitational acceleration (g) as the constant acceleration. The equations of motion depend on whether the motion is upward, downward, or free fall.

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    Kinematics

    Uploaded by

    Muhammad Arif
    31 views9 pages
    1. Uniform rectilinear motion with constant velocity can be described by the equation s = vt, where s is displacement, v is velocity, and t is time. 2. Accelerated uniform rectilinear motion occurs when an object moves in a straight line with constant acceleration. The equations relating displacement (s), initial velocity (vo), acceleration (a), and time (t) are s = vot + 1/2at2 and v = vo + at. 3. Vertical motion is an example of accelerated uniform rectilinear motion, with gravitational acceleration (g) as the constant acceleration. The equations of motion depend on whether the motion is upward, downward, or free fall.

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    1. Uniform rectilinear motion with constant velocity can be described by the equation s = vt, where s is displacement, v is velocity, and t is time. 2. Accelerated uniform rectilinear motion occurs when an object moves in a straight line with constant acceleration. The equations relating displacement (s), initial velocity (vo), acceleration (a), and time (t) are s = vot + 1/2at2 and v = vo + at. 3. Vertical motion is an example of accelerated uniform rectilinear motion, with gravitational acceleration (g) as the constant acceleration. The equations of motion depend on whether the motion is upward, downward, or free fall.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    31 views9 pages

    Kinematics

    Uploaded by

    Muhammad Arif
    1. Uniform rectilinear motion with constant velocity can be described by the equation s = vt, where s is displacement, v is velocity, and t is time. 2. Accelerated uniform rectilinear motion occurs when an object moves in a straight line with constant acceleration. The equations relating displacement (s), initial velocity (vo), acceleration (a), and time (t) are s = vot + 1/2at2 and v = vo + at. 3. Vertical motion is an example of accelerated uniform rectilinear motion, with gravitational acceleration (g) as the constant acceleration. The equations of motion depend on whether the motion is upward, downward, or free fall.

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    UNIFORM RECTILINEAR MOTION

    Based on the velocity- time graph, if the object is moving at steady


    speed,
    We can write equation of distance related to its velocity and time taken is
    equal to the area, this is s = v x t

    t
    ACCELERATED UNIFORM RECTILINEAR MOTION

    2m/s 4m/s 6m/s 8m/s

    Beside the uniform rectilinear motion, in physics there is also another


    type of straight linear motion, that is motion with linear path and the
    acceleration is constant.
    Acceleration is defined as change of velocity per unit time. Acceleration
    can be found from changes of speed or changes of direction or both of
    them.
    Anything whose speed is increasing is accelerating
    Anything whose speed is decreasing is decelerating
    Calculating acceleration
    Acceleration = rate of change of velocity
    change in velocity
    Acceleration (a) =
    time taken
    Thus, we need to know two quantities, the change in velocity ∆v and the
    time taken ∆t.
    a = ∆v / ∆t
    The moving object accelerates from vo (for the initial velocity) to v (for
    the final velocity) in time t( this is the same as the time represented by ∆t
    above). Then the acceleration is given by
    v - vo
    a=
    t
    The units of acceleration are meter per second squared ( m.s-2)
    Deriving the equation of motion

    vo Fig.1.3 Constan acceleration

    1. Consider an object accelerated fro


    2. m initial velocity (vo) to final velocity (v) without change of direction. Let t be the
    time taken. Its velocity – time graph is shown in Fig. 1.3
    3. The acceleration (a) may be calculated from

    v - vo
    a= ; v = vo + at
    t
    2. The displacement ( s) may be calculated from
    v - vo v - vo

    S = because is the average velocity


    t 2
    By combining the above two equations by eliminating v, a we will
    get futher useful equation.
    To do this, firstly substitute vo + a.t into v in equation (2) , This give
    •
    • vo + vo + at
    • S={ } t
    • 2

    S = vot + ½ a t2
    1. S = vo .t + ½ a.t2

    The relation between speed ( velocity ), acceleration and distance of


    object which moves in accelerated uniform rectilinear motion can be
    determined from the equation of v = vo + a .t and S = vo t + ½ a.t2
    that is
    v2 = vo2 + 2aS

    Vertical Motion
    The vertical motion is an example of accelerated uniform
    rectilinear motion. It is because the object which moves
    vertically will be accelerated with constant acceleration and is
    called gravitational acceleration. The vertical motion is
    comprises of three kinds of motion, that are:
    1. Downward vertical motion
    If an object dropped from a high position with initial velocity is not
    zero ( vo0), then the object will move downward, and it is accelerated
    with constant acceleration. Such motion is called downward vertical
    motion.
    If the air friction and Other factor are neglected, then the equation
    of the accelerated uniform rectilinear motion valid in downward
    vertical motion is
    • h = vo t + ½ g t 2

    Meanwhile, the velocity equation of downward vertical motion is


    • v = vo + gt
    2. Upward vertical motion
    If an object is thrown perpendicularly upward, then the object will
    move and it has acceleration of approximately -9.8 m/s2.
    If the air friction and other factors are neglected, the equations of
    downward vertical motion valid for upward vertical motion, but by
    taking the gravitational acceleration negative (-g).
    The height equation of upward vertical motion is
    h = vo.t - ½ g t2
    Meanwhile, the velocity equation of upward vertical motion is

    v = vo - gt
    3. Free fall motion

    Everything on or near the Earth feels the pull of gravity.


    Where the only force on a given object is the pull of gravity,
    the object falls freely falling object is when a
    steel ball bearing is allowed to fall. Here the air resistance is
    so small that the pull of gravity is effectively the only force on
    the ball …..

    The initial velocity of object is equal to zero( vo = 0 ) therefore the


    equation of free fall motion is
    h = ½ gt2
    Meanwhile, the velocity equation of free fall motion is
    v = gt

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