Ipa PDR
Ipa PDR
Ipa PDR
Team IPA
Kirill Belyayev
Amjad Chaudhry
Arush Dhawan
Aditya Kaundinya
Bilal Yousufi
Amjad Chaudhry
Introduction/Zigbee Outline
In-Car Automation and
Monitoring System
Sensors are placed throughout a car and
wirelessly send data back to a central
terminal
– Data displayed on LCD
– Zigbee is used to transmit and receive Data
– Audio and Visual Warnings will be given if a
sensor detects something has fallen below the
threshold.
What is Zigbee?
Zigbee is a short-range wireless connectivity option ideal
for low- power and low data rate applications based on the
IEEE 802.15.4 standard
Zigbee devices may run for several years with an original
battery because of its low power consumption.
It works well in noisy environments, mesh networking
Zigbee operates at 2.4 GHz
Implementation
We will use Zigbee technology to measure different
components of a car and display the data on a main
LCD screen.
– Tire Pressure
– Temperature
– Battery Voltage
– Proximity Sensor
– Fluid Sensor
If any of the sensors detect a critical level our
system will be used to provide audio/visual
warnings to the driver.
Implementation
The basic steps in order to accomplish this goal are to:
Implement Zigbee Wireless Configuration. We send one digital value
from one chip to other chip.
Send Multiples Values and store them in some database.
A/D Converter – Convert Some Analog Signal to Digital
Display the data on an LCD screen
Our primary goal would be to make this system modular.
– For example, we could add any type of sensor, and it would integrate into the
system
Goals
Minimum
– Zigbee Based Tire Pressure Monitor that
transmits data to a central terminal where it can
be displayed on a LCD
Optimal
– Multiple Sensors that transmit through Zigbee
Wirelessly to a central terminal, where that data
can be stored, manipulated, and displayed on a
LCD
Safety Increase Reliability
Motivation
Save Fuel. Increase Efficiency
Battery
voltage Main Terminal Temperature
sensors sensors
Keypad Speaker
LCD Screen
Bilal Yousufi
Power
Physical Issues
The Final Build will need to be hardened
against the elements such as
– Shock (i.e. Bumpy Roads)
– Extreme Weather (Operating Temperature
between -20 °C to 50 °C
» Sensors should have small temperature coefficients
or will need compensated based on environmental
factors
– Waterproofed
Power System
Power Architecture for Primary
Terminal
5V LCD Screen
Buck
Car Battery
Converter
Main Terminal
3.3V
Voltage Sensor Auto-Off
Issues with using a Car Battery
Battery Drain
– Auto-Off Switch if Battery Voltage drops too
low
– Mechanical Hard Switch when not in use
Power Surges on Car Start-Up
– Possible Solutions
» Capacitors in parallel with Battery
» UPS Connected to Battery
Development Phase Overview
We will use AC/DC Power Supplies to
power up our system
Actual Build Overview
The Car Battery will be the main source of
power.
A DC-DC Converter will be used to step-
down to the appropriate voltages
A Voltage Regulator will be used to ensure
the the microchips are safe from variations
in the battery voltage, temperature, and
other environmental factors
Zigbee, Sensors, and
Microcontrollers
Burst Transmissions
Development Phase
– Power Adapters
Final Build
– Main Board will be Connected to Car Battery
– Sensors, and attached Zigbee will be powered
by battery
Zigbee, Sensors, and
Microcontrollers
Sensor and Zigbee Power Supply Issues
– The Wireless Sensors that are placed
throughout the car will need an independent
power source
– Sensors’ Maximum Power Dissipation 20mA
» Zigbee Transmitters Run at 3.3V. The sensors we
will using will run at voltage between 3V to 6V
Solution: Buck-Boost Converter
Kirill Belyayev
User Interface/Software
Main Terminal
EEPROM
(optional)
MC9S08GT60 RS 232
PLD DB9
Freescale 8 bit
Serial Port
Speaker or buzzer
F-51851
(+ D/A if required)
LCD Screen
Keypad
LCD
OPTREX F-51851
Graphic Monochrome LCD
240 x 64 dots
8 bit parallel
Development Board
13192DSK-A0E
Two 2.4 GHz wireless nodes compatible with the IEEE 802.15.4 standard
MC13192 2.4 GHz RF data modem
MC9S08GT60 low-voltage, low-power 8-bit MCU for baseband operations
Integrated sensors
MMA6261Q 1.5g X-Y-axis accelerometer + MMA1260D 1.5g Z-axis accelerometer
Printed transmit-and-receive antennae
Onboard expansion capabilities for external application- specific development activities
Onboard BDM port for MCU Flash reprogramming and in- circuit hardware debugging
RS-232 port for monitoring and Flash programming
LEDs and switches for demonstration, monitoring and control
Connections for nine-volt battery or external power supply
* Hardware supports Freescale's IEEE 802.15.4 MAC and example SMAC software
* Preprogrammed accelerometer demonstration and additional downloadable sample applications
* Metrowerks' CodeWarrior Development Studio for HCS08 special edition * Includes USB HCS08 BDM Multilink Programmer
(13192DSK-BDM only) NOTE: Requires a HCS08 BDM Multilink Programmer for debug and program capability
Development Board
Software Overview
We will use CodeWarrior (developed by Freescale
Semicondoctor) as our programming environment.
The Microcontroller utilizes MAC(Media-
Access-Control) functions to instruct the Zigbee
transceiver.
We will be writing our code in the C language
with the use MAC functions.
Code will be written for the data
transmission/collection and the user interface.
Aditya Kaundinya
Sensors
Sensors
RF
Transmitter
Micro
Controller
Built
Into
Sensor Chip
A/D
Sensor
Tire Pressure Monitoring
Used to warn driver of below-optimal tire
pressure.
GE – NPX-1 sensor
Battery Supply Voltage – typically 3 V
Digital output
450-1400 kPa pressure range
Distance Sensor
Used to warn driver of objects when
backing out of driveway, etc.
IR Proximity Sensor - Sharp
GP2Y0A21YK
4.5 V to 5.5 V operating voltage
30 mA average current consumption
10 cm to 80 cm range (4" to 32")
Temperature Sensor
Can be used to automatically adjust
temperature within the car.
Sensirion - SHT10 sensor
Temp. accuracy: +/- 0.5°C @ 25 °C
Calibrated & digital output (2-wire
interface)
Low power consumption (typ. 30 µW)
Arush Dhawan
Sensors/Logistics
Voltage and Current Sensor for Battery