Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 2K views

    History of Philippine Politics

    Uploaded by

    BJ Ambat
    The document summarizes the political history and government structures of the Philippines from pre-colonial to post-independence eras. In the pre-colonial era, small kingdoms called barangays ruled by datus were the basic political units. The Spanish colonial government established in 1565 was repressive and centralized under the Governor-General. Revolutionary governments formed starting with the Katipunan and culminating in the First Philippine Republic established by Emilio Aguinaldo in 1899.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    History of Philippine Politics

    Uploaded by

    BJ Ambat
    2K views21 pages
    The document summarizes the political history and government structures of the Philippines from pre-colonial to post-independence eras. In the pre-colonial era, small kingdoms called barangays ruled by datus were the basic political units. The Spanish colonial government established in 1565 was repressive and centralized under the Governor-General. Revolutionary governments formed starting with the Katipunan and culminating in the First Philippine Republic established by Emilio Aguinaldo in 1899.

    Original Title

    HISTORY OF PHILIPPINE POLITICS

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    The document summarizes the political history and government structures of the Philippines from pre-colonial to post-independence eras. In the pre-colonial era, small kingdoms called barangays ruled by datus were the basic political units. The Spanish colonial government established in 1565 was repressive and centralized under the Governor-General. Revolutionary governments formed starting with the Katipunan and culminating in the First Philippine Republic established by Emilio Aguinaldo in 1899.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    2K views21 pages

    History of Philippine Politics

    Uploaded by

    BJ Ambat
    The document summarizes the political history and government structures of the Philippines from pre-colonial to post-independence eras. In the pre-colonial era, small kingdoms called barangays ruled by datus were the basic political units. The Spanish colonial government established in 1565 was repressive and centralized under the Governor-General. Revolutionary governments formed starting with the Katipunan and culminating in the First Philippine Republic established by Emilio Aguinaldo in 1899.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 21

    Political

    History of the
    Philippines
    Pre-colonial government set-up

    The government was exemplified by the territorial


    unit called barangay, the pre-colonial counterpart of
    the Greek-city states. Every barangay was virtually
    a state for it possess the four basic elements of
    statehood.
    Pre-colonial government set-up
    • Each barangay headed by datu, raja, or sultan. They lead
    according to the established norms of the village.
    • The office the datu, resembling that of a monarchy, is hereditary.
    • Any man in the barangay may ascend the throne by virtue of his
    wisdom, physical power, or wealth in the event that the datu
    without an heir.
    Four Classifications of people in pre-
    colonial times
    • Maharlika- the nobility, to which datu and his family belonged
    • Timawa- the freemen, also known as the commoners
    • Aliping namamahay- refers to alipin that had their own houses, which
    was usually built on the property of their masters
    • Aliping sagigilid- refers to unmarried alipin without a house and whose
    existence was completely dependent on the graces of their masters.

    *umalohokan- the message sender; public announcer


    Spanish Colonial Government
    • In light of the writings of Dr. Jose Rizal, the Spanish
    administration of the Philippines was characterized by brutality
    and repression.
    • It began 1565, Miguel Lopez de Legazpi established the first
    Spanish colonial settlement in Cebu and ended when the Treaty of
    Paris allowed the transfer of the Philippines to the United States of
    America.
    Local Government Structure
    • Barangay- basic administrative unit
    • Cabeza de barangay

    • Pueblo(town)- group of barangays


    • Gobernadorcillo

    • Ayuntamiento- city government


    • Cabildo- the city council

    Two Types of Provinces


    Alcadia- led by alcade mayor
    Corregimiento- corregidor(military officer)
    natioanal Government Structure

    • Spanish’s colonial government in the Philippines was a unitary


    one. The entirety territory was under the supervision of the
    Manila-based colonial government led by Governor-General.

    Titles of Governor-General
    • Governor
    • Captain-General
    • Vice Real Patrono
    national Government Structure
    • Junta de Autoritades (Board of Authorities)- cabinet of the
    Governor-General
    • Consejo de Administracion (Council of Administration)- studied
    the government’s budget and took care of questions relating to
    royal patronage
    • Royal Audiencia- served as the highest court justice in the
    Philippines. It’s justices were called oidores.
    The Filipino
    Revolutionary
    Governments
    THE KATIPUNAN
    • Andres Bonifacio- famed as the Great Plebeian. He organized a
    secret society that aimed for independence from Spain through an
    armed revolt.
    • KKK- Kataas-taasang Kagalang-galangang Katipunan ng mga
    Anak ng Bayan

    * In a move to solidify the Filipino forces and strengthen the


    offensive against the Spaniards, the Katipunan held the Tejeros
    Convention where Emilio Aguinaldo was elected as the Katipunan’s
    President while its founder, the Supremo, was elected as Director of
    the Interior.
    The republic of Biak-na-bato
    Incessant fighting forced the Aguinaldo-led Katipunan to retreat
    in in June 1897 to Biak-na-Bato in the province of Bulacan. Here
    Aguinaldo established a republic which had its own constitution.

    In August 1897, the Republic of Biak-na-Bato began to negotiate


    for armistice with the Spaniards. The negotitions ended in December
    1897 with the Pact of Biak-na-Bato. Under this pact, the Aguinaldo
    government was to go into exile to Hongkong in exchange for a
    handsome compensation.
    DICTAtorial government
    • When the Spanish-American War broke out in
    April 1897, Aguinaldo returned to the Philippines
    and established a Dictatorial Government in Cavite
    on May 23, 1898.

    • June 12, 1898- this government declared the


    independence of the Philippines from Spain.
    Revolutionary Government
    In a bid to finally gain independence from foreign
    powers, Aguinaldo put up revolutionary government
    on June 29, 1898. this government convened the
    Malolos Congress on September 15, 1898 purposely to
    draft a new constitution which eventually became
    known as the Malolos Constitution.
    First Philippine Republic
    Under the Malolos Constitutuion, a new republic was
    inaugurated on January 23, 1899 with General Emilio
    Aguinaldo as President- the Malolos Republic. Though
    it existed only until March 23, 1901, this was the first
    constitutional democracy in Asia.
    •American Governments in the Philippines
    •Japanese Occupation
    •Restored Commonwealth Government
    •Governments of Independent Philippines
    CONSTITUTION
    Constitution defined
    • Fundamental law of the land
    • Written instrument enacted by direct action of the people
    by which the fundamental powers of the government are
    established, limited’ defined and by which those powers are
    distributed among several deparment for their safe and
    useful exercise for the benefit of the body politic.
    Classifications of Constitution
    A.According to Form
    Written Constitution- contained in a document
    promulgated by the government
    Unwritten Constitution- it has no exact date of
    promulgation as it is a product of historical
    development or it traces its origins from social norms,
    customs, and court decisions.
    Classifications of Constitution
    A. According to the Difficulty of Changing the Constitution
    Rigid Constitution- crafted by a special body such as
    the constitutional Commission which made the 1987
    Philippine Constitution. It is not made by the
    same body that makes ordinary laws.
    Flexible Constitution- made by the same body that
    makes ordinary laws that is why it can be changed or
    amended
    Important qualities of a written constitution
    Brief. Only the important government features and rules mus be
    covered
    Broad. It must contain a comprehensive lay-out of the
    government’s structure and powers
    Definite. It must ensure that all provisions are clear so as not
    to cause confusion conflicting views from the people.
    ESSENTIAL contents of a written constitution
    • Constitution of Government. These are provisions that outline the
    organization of the government, enumerate its powers, govern its
    administration, and define its relations with its people.
    • Constitution of liberty. These are the provisions that set the basic
    civil and political rights of the citizens and limits governmental
    powers to allow their full enjoyment by the people.
    • Constitution of Sovereignty. These are the provisions that lay down
    the procedures that will allow changes or amendments to the
    constitution.

    You might also like