Plasma T.V.: By:Manisha Singh

PLASMA T.V.
BY:MANISHA SINGH
DEFINATION

A plasma display panel (PDP) is a type of
flat panel display.
They are called "plasma" displays because the
pixels rely on plasma cells are fluorescent lamps.
General characteristics
 Plasma displays are bright (1,000 lux or higher for the module)
 They have a very low-luminance "dark-room" black level compared to the lighter grey
 Plasma displays use as much power per square meter
 Power consumption varies greatly with picture content, with bright scenes drawing
significantly more power than darker ones
 Typical power consumption is 400 watts for a 50-inch (127 cm) screen. 200 to 310 watts for
a 50-inch (127 cm) display when set to cinema mode.
 Panasonic has greatly reduced power consumption ("1/3 of 2007 models")
 The lifetime of the latest generation of plasma displays is estimated at 100,000 hours of
actual display time, or 27 years at 10 hours per day.
 Plasma display screens are made from glass, which reflects more light than the material
used to make an LCD screen.
 Currently, plasma panels cannot be economically manufactured in screen sizes smaller
than 32 inches.
 Though considered bulky and thick compared to their LCD counterparts, some sets such
as Panasonic's Z1 and Samsung's B860 series are as slim as one inch thick making them
comparable to LCDs in this respect.
MERITS
 Slim profile
 Can be wall mounted
 Less bulky than rear-projection televisions
 Wider viewing angles than those of LCD; images do not suffer from
degradation at high angles unlike LCDs
 Less susceptible to reflection glare in bright rooms due to not needing
backlighting
 Virtually no motion blur, thanks in large part to very high refresh rates and a
faster response time, contributing to superior performance when displaying
content with significant amounts of rapid motion
PIXEL SHIFTING
 Pixel shifting is a method implemented by plasma TV Manufacturers
that prevents static images (e.g., station bugs, videogames) from
causing image retention and burn-ins. The entirevideo frame is moved
periodically (vertically and / or horizontally) so there are effectively no
static images.
 The firmware on some high end Samsung plasma TVs moves the video
horizontally and vertically so many pixels every minutes.[
Some TVs even allow the user define the number of pixels moved and
their interval.
 Pixel shifting is sometimes used with other burn in prevention
methods like screen saver or power management functions.
 A technique which increases the true resolution of devices such as
digital microscopes by moving the CCD by fractions of a pixel in the x-
and y-directions is also called pixel shifting[2].
DEMERITS
•Heavier screen-door effect when compared to

LCD .
Generally do not come in smaller sizes than
37 inches
Heavier than LCD due to the requirement of a
glass screen to hold the gases
Use more electricity, on average, than an LCD TV
Do not work as well at high altitudes due to
pressure differential between the gases inside the
screen and the air pressure at altitude.
It may cause a buzzing noise.
 the Radio Frequency Interference (RFI) from
these devices can be irritating or disabling
HISTORY
 In 1936 Kálmán Tihanyi described the principle of "plasma television“.

 The monochrome plasma video display was co-invented in 1964 at the
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign by Donald Bitzer.
 Electrical engineering student Larry F. Weber became interested in plasma displays while
studying at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign in the 1960s, and pursued
postgraduate work in the field under Bitzer and Slottow. His research eventually earned him 15
patents relating to plasma displays. One of his early contributions was development of the power-
saving "energy recovery sustain circuit", now included in every color plasma display.
 In 1983, IBM introduced a 19-inch (48 cm) orange-on-black monochrome display (model 3290

'information panel') which was able to show up to four simultaneous IBM 3270 terminal sessions.
 In 1992, Fujitsu introduced the world's first 21-inch (53 cm) full-color display. It was a hybrid, the
plasma display created at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign and NHK STRL.
 In 1994, Weber demonstrated color plasma technology at an industry convention in San Jose.
RESOLUTION
 Fixed-pixel displays such as plasma TVs scale the video image of each
incoming signal to the native resolution of the display panel.
 The most common native resolutions for plasma display panels are
853×480 (EDTV), 1,366×768 or 1,920×1,080 (HDTV).
 As a result picture quality varies depending on the performance of the
video scaling proce1024×1024
 1024×768
 1280×768
 1366×768
 1280×1080
 1920×1080
How plasma displays works
 A plasma display panel is an array of hundreds of thousands of small, luminous

cells positioned between two plates of glass.
 Each cell is essentially a tiny neon lamp filled with rarefied neon, xenon, and
otherinert gases.
 the long electrodes are stripes of electrically conducting material that also lie

between the glass plates, in front of and behind the cells.
 In a monochrome plasma panel, the gas is usually mostly neon, and the color is
the characteristic orange of a neon-filled lamp
 A small amount of nitrogen is added to the neon to increasehysteresis.
 In color panels, the back of each cell is coated with a phosphor.
 Every pixel is made up of three separate subpixel cells, each with different colored
phosphors. One subpixel has a red light phosphor, one subpixel has a green light
phosphor and one subpixel has a blue light phosphor. These colors blend together
to create the overall color of the pixel.
How plasma display works
 Image burn-in occurs on CRTs and plasma panels when the same picture is
displayed for long periods of time. This causes the phosphors to overheat,
losing some of their luminosity and producing a "shadow" image that is visible
with the power off.
 Plasma displays also exhibit another image retention issue which is sometimes
confused with screen burn-in damage.
 In this mode, when a group of pixels are run at high brightness (when
displaying white, for example) for an extended period of time, a charge build-
up in the pixel structure occurs and a ghost image can be seen.
 Plasma manufacturers have tried various ways of reducing burn-in such as

using gray pillarboxes, pixel orbiters and image washing routines,
 Nitrogen trifluoride, cited as a very potent greenhouse gas, is used during
production of plasma screens, which are therefore alleged to contribute to
climate change.[34][35] Plasma screens have also been lagging behind CRT and
LCD screens in terms of energy consumption.[36] To reduce the energy
consumption, new technologies are also being found.[
MANUFACTURERS OF PLASMA
Panasonic Corporation (formerly Matsushita)
Samsung Electronics
LG Electronics
Gradiente
Lanix
ProScan
Fujitsu
Sanyo
Funai
Sony
Hitachi Ltd.
Philips
Vizio
Toshiba
RCA
NEC
Pioneer Corporation
PLASMA TV
PLASMA DISPLAY
PANEL
widescreen
Video material produced in wider aspect ratio than the standard
TV ratio (4:3, or 1.33:1).
widescreen material is presented on DVDs in either anamorphic or

letterboxed format. .
The most popular Aspect ratio (AR) for widescreen is 16:9 and is

also commonly referred to as 1.78:1 or simply 1.78
Movie titles however, normally use a widescreen AR of 2.33 or 2.35.
Source AR
Even though most widescreen sources have an AR either narrower
or wider than 16:9, they're generally encoded to fit into a 16:9 Frame
in order to display properly on a widescreen TV. This may result in
black borders being added to reach the appropriate Resolution or
the edges of the frame being cropped.
RGB HISTORY
To form a color with RGB, three colored light beams must be
superimposed
Each of the three beams is called a component of that color, and each of
them can have an arbitrary intensity.
The RGB color model is additive in the sense that the three light beams are
added together, and their light spectra add, wavelength for wavelength, to
make the final color's spectrum.
Zero intensity for each component gives the darkest color (no light,
considered the black), and full intensity of each gives a white.
 When the intensities for all the components are the same, the result is a
shade of gray, darker or lighter depending on the intensity.
 When the intensities are different, the result is a colorized hue, more or
less saturated depending on the difference of the strongest and weakest of
the intensities of the primary colors employed.
When one of the components has the strongest intensity, the color is a
hue near this primary color (reddish, greenish, or bluish),
 when two components have the same strongest intensity, then the color is
a hue of a secondary color (a shade of cyan, magenta or yellow).
The RGB color model itself does not define what is meant by red, green,
and blue colorimetrically, and so the results of mixing them are not
specified as absolute, but relative to the primary colors.
Physical principles for the choice of red, green, and
blue

A set of primary colors, such as thesRGB primaries, define a color triangle.
The choice of primary colors is related to the physiology of the human eye.
The normal three kinds of light-sensitive photoreceptor cells in the human eye .

POKEMON DISPLAY ON PLASMA
DECORATE WALL WITH PLASMA
Thanks to the sleek and slim design of

plasma TVs, you can install a 42-inch
plasma TV on your wall, likely freeing up
considerable floor space an older, bulkier
television once occupied. Decorate the wall
around the TV to incorporate it into your
décor. This may include disguising the TV,
accessorizing it or making it the focal point
of the room.
THANK YOU

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PLASMA T.V.

•Heavier screen-door effect when compared to

 In 1936 Kálmán Tihanyi described the principle of "plasma television“.

 In 1983, IBM introduced a 19-inch (48 cm) orange-on-black monochrome display (model 3290

 A plasma display panel is an array of hundreds of thousands of small, luminous

 the long electrodes are stripes of electrically conducting material that also lie

 Plasma manufacturers have tried various ways of reducing burn-in such as

widescreen material is presented on DVDs in either anamorphic or

The most popular Aspect ratio (AR) for widescreen is 16:9 and is

Movie titles however, normally use a widescreen AR of 2.33 or 2.35.

A set of primary colors, such as thesRGB primaries, define a color triangle.

The choice of primary colors is related to the physiology of the human eye.

The normal three kinds of light-sensitive photoreceptor cells in the human eye .

Thanks to the sleek and slim design of

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