Dominant Approaches and Ideas On Rational Choice, Institutionalism, Feminist Theory, Hermeneutical Phenomenology and Human - Environmental System

“Dominant Approaches and
Ideas on Rational Choice,

Institutionalism, Feminist
Theory, Hermeneutical
Phenomenology and Human –
Environmental System”
Ms. Vanessa Anne P.

Bugay
PRAYER
Lord, we open our hearts, minds

and souls to worship You. Thank
You that today we dwell in Your
kingdom and live in Your
presence. Come be with us,
inspire us and lead us in our time
together. We ask all this in the
beautiful name of Jesus. Amen.
3
Learning Objectives:
1. Predict the social consequences of decision
making based on Rational Choice Theory.
2. Determine the relationship between gender
ideology and gender inequality and raise
awareness of gender stereotyping based on
Feminist Theory
4. Explain environmental and social issues.
5. Value and protect the Human –Environmental
System in creating opportunities for growth and
development among institutions.
• What is the picture all about?
• Can you recall what other familiar scenes
and anecdotes about elections have you
experienced in your locality, barangay or
community?
• If you were to vote, what qualities of leaders
are you looking for?
• If you will become a leader in the future,
what primary environmental or social issues
do you want to solve? Why?
6
The basic concepts and
principles of the major social
science ideas that we will
discuss this week are:
 Rational Choice
 Institutionalism
 Feminist Theory
 Hermeneutical Phenomenology
 Human-Environmental System
The rational choice theory
 explains that human action
and behavior are products of
choice.
9
What is cost-
benefit analysis ?
Cost is something
disadvantageous to or what is
lost by an individual,
while benefit is
that which is gained by or
advantageous to the
individual after making the
choice.
12
Some of the questions
commonly asked
during cost-benefit
analysis are the
following:
14
Will this benefit me?
 How will this benefit you?
 What will benefit me most?
 How far am I willing to
negotiate?
 What will I have to sacrifice?
 How much will it cost me?
15
Institutionalism
The theory of
institutionalism
allows for a
discourse on how
institutions affect the
decision of humans
within the frame of a
society.
Formal Institutions are codified rules,
politics and norms that are considered
official,
originating from state laws, the
government or organizations.
Informal institutions are equally

known rules and norms but are not
commonly written down.
Formal and Informal Institutions

Formal Institution Informal
Financial Bank Institution
Institution
Saving collectors,savings and

Commercial and development banks credit associations and
Rural Bank moneylenders
Formal and Informal Institutions

Important
Theorists of
Institutionalism
David Mitrany
(1888-1975) Father of
Functionalism
was a Romanian-born
British scholar,
historian and political
theorist.
Father of
Functionalism
was a French political
economist and diplomat.
As one of the
originators of the
European Union, he saw
how the needs of the
state are to be achieved
through the principle of
supranationality..
Feminist Theory
Feminism studies gender and its
relation to power, and the dynamics
these two concepts play out in
economics, politics, sexuality, race
and nationality among others.
It is both a sociological perspective

and a philosophy that aims to
promote gender equality, social
justice and women’s rights.
Feminism developed in
three waves
First wave of feminism
Second wave of feminism
Third wave of feminism
First wave of feminism
 took place during the 19th and early 20th

centuries
 Women at the time surrendered their
properties to their husbands
 not allowed to hold public office
 were not given the rights of suffrage
Second wave of feminism
 began during the 1960s up to the 1990s and

was born out of the civil rights’ movement.
 The primary issues that this movement tried to
address was of sexual equality and productive
rights.
 Unlike the first wave movements, the second
wave movements encompassed women of all
economic classes, races and nationalities.
 The second wave thus included all women in its
advocacy
Third wave of feminism
 began in the late 1980s and continues until today.

 Feminists from the third wave do not consider
“feminine” objects as of male oppression, but as
tools to enrich their femininity.
 For the movers of this third wave, a woman does
not have to pretend like a man or hold herself
from putting on makeup just to be treated as
equal.
Gender Ideology
Gender Ideology is a social
belief that supports gender
inequality.
It is a social divide that
establishes perceived roles for
men and women, and relegates
them to specific roles.
Gender Inequality
Gender Inequality is the
actualization or realization of
gender ideology. There is gender
inequality when the perceived
role of women subordinate to
men reflects hiring procedures
and requirements.
Hermeneutical
Phenomenology
is a philosophy of and a method
for interpreting human
experiences as a means to
understand the question of what is
to be human.
Human-Environmental System
Human-Environmental System refers to

interdisciplinary approaches which study the
complex interactions among human and
environment systems.
30
Scarcity
In economics, scarcity refers to limitations – limited goods
or services, limited time, or limited abilities to achieve the
desired ends.
 Water Scarcity
Scarcity on food
Scarcity on Fuel
Scarcity on Electricity
Rice Crisis in the Philippines
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“Dominant Approaches and

Ideas on Rational Choice,

Ms. Vanessa Anne P.

Lord, we open our hearts, minds

Informal institutions are equally

Formal and Informal Institutions

Saving collectors,savings and

Formal and Informal Institutions

It is both a sociological perspective

 took place during the 19th and early 20th

 began during the 1960s up to the 1990s and

 began in the late 1980s and continues until today.

Human-Environmental System refers to

Rice Crisis in the Philippines

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