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Lesson 3 in GS

Gender and sexuality are socially constructed and differ across cultures and over time. Gender studies emerged to analyze how gender roles impact lives and create inequality. This lesson defines gender studies and discusses qualitative and quantitative research approaches, ethics in research, and how human ecology can provide a holistic view of how environments influence gender and sexuality.

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Joshua Liann Escalante
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93 views

Lesson 3 in GS

Gender and sexuality are socially constructed and differ across cultures and over time. Gender studies emerged to analyze how gender roles impact lives and create inequality. This lesson defines gender studies and discusses qualitative and quantitative research approaches, ethics in research, and how human ecology can provide a holistic view of how environments influence gender and sexuality.

Uploaded by

Joshua Liann Escalante
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lesson 3:

Gender and
Sexuality as a
Subject of Inquiry
Introduction

• Gender seems so obvious and so simple, many would ask why we


have to study it. Well, gender studies as an area of knowledge, is about
looking into, analyzing, and examining society so that we notice
power relations in the seemingly “simple things”. It helps us see the
issues in our everyday lives through a different lens.
• The goal this lesson is to define and appreciate gender studies. Gender
is a big part of our individuality and society; it is a form of social
organization, and it is often unnoticed. In different cultures and
different times in our history, gender roles played a big part of social
organization.
Introduction

• Gender studies emerged from the need to analyze how


gender, sex, and sexuality impact our lives, especially how it
creates gender equality. It came about in the mid 1970’s after
the second wave feminism as a way to challenge the male-
defined and male –centered knowledge.
Definition of terms

• Gender studies – a field of study concerned about how reproductive


roles are interpreted and negotiated in the society through gender.
• Social Research – the process of investigating social realities.
• Research approach – the orientation in understanding social
relatives. This can be qualitative (interpretive), quantitative
(deductive), of both.
• Ethics in research - these are considerations in conducting research
to make sure that the well-being of the participants are ensured, and
that the outcome of the study is sound without undue to people
involved.
Gender studies is not just for women or all
about women, it is about everyone. One hundred
years ago, women were not allowed to study at
universities since their role was only restricted to
domestic or the household. Our society has
changed so much since then: the jobs for everyone
is not so much dependent on physical strength,
making these jobs accessible to women as well.
Diversity and Inclusion

Gender roles are socially constructed and are not something


that we are “born with”. Society, through a lifelong process of
normalization, encourages or reprimands behaviors to make a
child adapt to these social expectations.
Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender people often do not fit
in the traditional binary gender roles so they are often
reprimanded, bullied, and discriminated. They are often
subjected to violence and hate just because they do not fit in
what society calls “normal”.
Gender studies and research

Qualitative approach focuses on the meanings created and interpretations


made by people about their own personal experiences. For example, if you
want to know how women, men, or LGBTQ+ live their lives on a daily basis
and how they make sense of their lived experiences, then the qualitative
approach is fitting.
• Phenomenology – conducting intensive interviews with individuals who
have experienced a particular event and understanding their “live experience”
• Hermeneutics – understanding the meaning of texts (literary works, art
works) and what they convey about human realities; and
• Ethnography and ethnomethodology – immersing in a community and
talking note of their experiences, beliefs, attitudes, and practices.
Gender studies and research

Quantitative approach focuses on characterizing population (total


number of individual in a group) or a sample (a sub-group within the
population) and makes generalizations about the population. For
instance, if you want to know how many Filipino teenagers are engaged
in a romantic relationship or how much believe in marriage, then a
quantitative approach is appropriate.
• Survey – collecting information from a sample ; and
• Experiment- creating actual set-ups to observe behavior of people in
an experimental group and comparing it to the behavior of people in a
control group.
Ethics in gender and sexuality research

• Informed consent - researchers should make sure the participants in the study are aware of the
purpose and processes of the study they are participating in. they should also ensure that only
those participants who agree (in writing) will be included, and they shall not force any
participants to join.
• Confidentiality and anonymity – researchers should not reveal any information provided by
the participants, much so, their identity to anyone who are not concerned with the study. All data
gathered from surveys or interviews should also be placed in a secure location of filling system.
• Non-maleficence and beneficence – a study should do no harm (non- malefecence) to anyone.
Especially in researches involving humans, a study should be beneficial (beneficence) for it to
be worth implementing.
• Distributive justice – any study should not disadvantage a particular group, especially the
marginalized and the oppresses (e.r., poor people, women, LGBTQ+, the elderly). The benefits
of a study should be for all.
Gender, sexuality, and human ecology

Human ecology, as a field, recognizes the interplay among


internal and external environments- physical, socio-economic,
cultural (Bronfenbrenner 1994; Bubolz and Sontag 1983).
Hence, to look realities from an ecological perspective is to
appreciate that human development across lifespan is influenced
by these environments. In the context of gender and sexuality, a
human ecological approach looks at human sexual lives and
experiences at various levels and spheres of analysis.
First, it sees gender and sexuality as an organismic and personal
experience.
Summary

• Genders, being male or female, has socially constructed


meanings, and it is different in every culture and may
change with time. It is important to analyze how society
enforce gender roles on everyone so we can further
understand how power relations in gender roles can limit
an individual’s freedom and promote inequality. To help
us have a holistic view, we need to use frameworks and
methods from different disciplines-psychology, sociology,
medicines, and law-among others. This lesson will provide
you with sufficient theoretical and practical perspectives,
so you can understand gender and sexuality.

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