Understanding Culture, Society, and Politics

Understanding
Culture, Society,
and Politics
Teacher: Kristie Ann T. Bathan
Values and beliefs as
Behavior Motivators
Human behavior is propelled by powerful motivators.
Values are standards of behavior and are considered as judgment of
what is important in life.
Beliefs and ideal shared by the members of a culture.
Belief takes the form of firmly held opinion or conviction, regardless of
the lack of verifiable evidence.
Belief may be based on tradition, faith, experinece, scientific research,
or combination of these.
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1
Social
Realities
Behavior and Phenomenon
What is behavior?
What is phenomenon?
Gary graduated a year ago. Despite being blessed with several job offers, he chose to remain
jobless and hang around with his barkada. Together they love to istambay in the town plaza
especially at night.
Istambay
Members of the Seventh-Day Adventist Church are strongly prohibited from eating pork and
food with blood, as well as from smoking and drinking alcoholic beverages.
Food taboos
If grades were to be the basis of Rusty’s standing in his economics class, he would surely fail
the class. However, he has given a passing grade by his economics teacher, who happened to be
a childhood friend of his mother.
Use of a g0-between/ padrino
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Social Dynamics: Social, Political, and
Cultural Change
1. Taking selfies is Alyssa’s preoccupation. It became a habit when her parents gave her a
phone on her birthday.
Phenomenon: Selfieing
2. Kapitan Tim is the incumbent mayor of the City of Amin-Amin. His son, Timmy Jr., is
currently running for the congressional seat of the district, a position occupied by his mother
Cong. Valecia for about three consecutive terms.
Phenomenon: Political dynasty
3. Michael almost missed the chance to finish high school because he had been absent almost
of the time playing Clash of Clans (COC).
Phenomenon: Video gaming
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The Social Sciences: Sociology, Athropology, and
Political Science
“
Guide questions
1. How do social forces influence the life chances of the
members of society?
2. In what ways can social actors benefit from the
operations of these social forces?
3. Which among the social forces are sociological,
cultural, and political? 6
If you want to see change in your community,
what do you think are the necessary steps that
you need to do in order to start or create
change?
￮ The social as “driver of interaction”

￮ A social interaction is an exchange between two
or more individuals and is a building block of
society.
￮ By interacting with one another, people design
rules, institutions and systems within which they
seek to live. Symbols are used to communicate
the expectations of a given society to those new
to it.
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The study of society:
Disciplines
Sociology Anthropology
Highlights the external The role of structures in
influences that faccilitates organizing human
or constrain human actions interactions
Political Science
Power relations
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Sociology
August Comte
Father of Sociology
Karl Marx
Father of Scientific Socialism
Emile Durkheim
Pioneer of Functionalism in Sociology
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Key terms in theoretical
perspectives
Marx
His theoretical positions were influenced by their social locations and
corresponding chances of life.
Durkheim, and Weber

Powerful analyses about religion, economics, and bureaucracy.
Society as a system with parts and functions.
Functions are either latent or manifest.
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Anthropology
American Anthropological Association
A science seeking to uncover principles of behavior that apply to all human communities.
Diversity provides a frame of reference for understanding any single aspect of life in any given
community.  equal but different
Universal culture vs culture universal
Social diversity is an ever-present and enduring feature of all known cultures around the world.
Sociology refers to it as social inequality.
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Social contract
-existence of the
Political Science state

-what is the rule of
is the systematic study of government the state?
and politics.
Social
Includes the study of political agreement-
theories, ethics, international futuristic and
lasting effects Political animal
relations, foreign policy, public
in people’s -the man lives in a more
administration, and the dynamic
collective lives. “polis”
relation between different parts of the -man becomes man among
government. others
-persona a politica
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An Open Letter to a Congressman
Rex, a senior high school student in Calamba City, wrote a petition addressed to his district’s
representative in Congress. Rex observed the proliferation of informal dumsites near his
barangay. He even took photos of these dumpsites and their specific locations in the
municipality. Rex knew that garbage situation will eventually create health problems in his and
nearby barangays if it remains unchecked. So he wrote a letter to his district’s congressman and
petitioned the latter to do something about the garbage situation, specifically regarding proper
garbage collection and management. He posted a copy of his letter on his Facebook timeline.
Can an open letter written by a senior high youth bring about social change? If so, enumerate
ways on how it can be seen in that light.
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Thank you
Any question?
You can reach me on our group chat.
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Understanding

￮ The social as “driver of interaction”

Durkheim, and Weber

Universal culture vs culture universal

Sociology refers to it as social inequality.

Political Science state

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