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    Redox Reactions.: Oxidation Reduction

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    Patrick Molati
    1. The document discusses redox reactions and defines oxidation as the gain of oxygen or loss of electrons, and reduction as the loss of oxygen or gain of electrons. 2. It provides examples of four experiments involving redox reactions: burning magnesium, copper in silver nitrate solution, chlorine solution and potassium iodide solution, and exploding hydrogen. 3. Oxidation numbers are introduced as a tool to determine if a substance has been oxidized or reduced in a reaction, with examples given of calculating oxidation numbers for different elements in compounds and ions.

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    Redox Reactions.: Oxidation Reduction

    Uploaded by

    Patrick Molati
    29 views24 pages
    1. The document discusses redox reactions and defines oxidation as the gain of oxygen or loss of electrons, and reduction as the loss of oxygen or gain of electrons. 2. It provides examples of four experiments involving redox reactions: burning magnesium, copper in silver nitrate solution, chlorine solution and potassium iodide solution, and exploding hydrogen. 3. Oxidation numbers are introduced as a tool to determine if a substance has been oxidized or reduced in a reaction, with examples given of calculating oxidation numbers for different elements in compounds and ions.

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    RedoxReactions

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    1. The document discusses redox reactions and defines oxidation as the gain of oxygen or loss of electrons, and reduction as the loss of oxygen or gain of electrons. 2. It provides examples of four experiments involving redox reactions: burning magnesium, copper in silver nitrate solution, chlorine solution and potassium iodide solution, and exploding hydrogen. 3. Oxidation numbers are introduced as a tool to determine if a substance has been oxidized or reduced in a reaction, with examples given of calculating oxidation numbers for different elements in compounds and ions.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    29 views24 pages

    Redox Reactions.: Oxidation Reduction

    Uploaded by

    Patrick Molati
    1. The document discusses redox reactions and defines oxidation as the gain of oxygen or loss of electrons, and reduction as the loss of oxygen or gain of electrons. 2. It provides examples of four experiments involving redox reactions: burning magnesium, copper in silver nitrate solution, chlorine solution and potassium iodide solution, and exploding hydrogen. 3. Oxidation numbers are introduced as a tool to determine if a substance has been oxidized or reduced in a reaction, with examples given of calculating oxidation numbers for different elements in compounds and ions.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 24

    Redox Reactions.

    Reduction
    Oxidation
    Oxidation: Reduction:
    •Gain of oxygen •Loss of oxygen
    •Loss of electrons •Gain of electrons

    Increase in Decrease in
    oxidation oxidation
    number number
    4 Experiments:
    1. Burning magnesium
    2. Copper in silver nitrate solution
    3. Chlorine solution and potassium
    iodide solution
    4. Exploding hydrogen

    •Word equation
    •Balanced symbol equation
    Oxidised –
    gains oxygen

    2Mg(s) + O2(g)  2MgO(s)


    Must be a redox!

    Oxidised – loss of e- Mg  Mg2+ +2e-


    Put the
    e- in.
    Reduced – gain of e- O +2e-  O2-
    Cu(s) + 2AgNO3(aq)  Cu(NO3 )2(aq) + 2Ag(s)

    Complete
    Oxidised?the
    half-equations
    Reduced?

    Oxidised – loss of e- Cu  Cu2+ +2e-

    Reduced – gain of e- Ag+ +e-  Ag


    Try Question 1.
    H2(g) + ½ O2(g)  H2O(g)

    Covalent!

    Need a new
    definition.
    No H+ or OH-
    Oxidation: Reduction:
    •Gain of oxygen •Loss of oxygen
    •Loss of electrons •Gain of electrons

    Increase in Decrease in
    oxidation oxidation
    number number
    Oxidation Numbers

    • The oxidation number of an atom in an


    element is zero.
    E.g. Mg in Mg, O in O2.
    Oxidation Numbers
    • The oxidation F -1
    numbers of atoms
    in a compound add
    up to zero. O -2
    Oxidation state of
    C in CO2? H +1
    ?–4=0 Put the +! Cl -1
    ? = +4
    Oxidation Numbers
    • The oxidation F -1
    numbers of atoms
    in a compound add
    up to zero. O -2
    Oxidation state of
    Mg in MgCl2? H +1

    Cl -1
    +2
    Oxidation Numbers
    • The oxidation F -1
    numbers of atoms
    in a compound add
    up to zero. O -2
    Oxidation state of
    N in NH3? H +1

    Cl -1
    -3
    Oxidation Numbers
    • The oxidation
    numbers of atoms in F -1
    an ion add up to the
    charge on the ion.
    O -2
    Oxidation state of
    S in SO42-? H +1
    ? – 8 = -2 Cl -1
    ? = +6
    Oxidation Numbers
    • The oxidation
    numbers of atoms in F -1
    an ion add up to the
    charge on the ion.
    O -2
    Oxidation state of
    S in S2-? H +1

    Cl -1
    -2
    Oxidation Numbers
    • The oxidation
    numbers of atoms in F -1
    an ion add up to the
    charge on the ion.
    O -2
    Oxidation state of
    N in NH4+? H +1

    Cl -1
    -3
    Try Question 2.
    H2(g) + ½ O2(g)  H2O(g)

    Covalent!

    Need a new
    definition.
    No H+ or OH-
    Oxidation: Reduction:
    •Gain of oxygen •Loss of oxygen
    •Loss of electrons •Gain of electrons

    Increase in Decrease in
    oxidation oxidation
    number number
    H2(g) + ½ O2(g)  H2O(g)
    H 0 +1
    O 0 -2
    Covalent!

    Need a new
    definition.
    No H+ or OH-
    H2(g) + ½ O2(g)  H2O(g)
    H 0 +1
    O 0 -2
    Oxidised? Reduced?

    H – increase O – decrease
    in oxidation in oxidation
    number number
    Try Question 3.
    Oxidation Numbers and names
    • To avoid any confusion when an element can have
    several oxidation numbers, the oxidation number is
    usually mentioned in the compound’s name.
    In names like “elementate(X)”, the number refers to
    “element” and not the associated oxygens.
    • So if we look at some examples , we get the following
    names:-
    KMnO4 potassium manganate(VII)
    NaClO3 sodium chlorate(V)
    Check the
    POCl2F phosphorus(V) oxydichlorofluoride numbers.
    NaH2PO3 sodium dihydrogenphosphate(III)
    K2Cr2O7 potassium dichromate(VI)
    Try any 3 in Question 7.
    Well done!

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