Aluminium and It's Alloys

ALUMINIUM
ALLOYS
PROPERTIES AND
APPLICATIONS
By-Nikunj Khanna
Madhumita KUMAR
Prateek kulshreshtha
CONTENTS OF THE PRESENTATION
1) PROPERTIES OF AL
2) ALLOYS OF AL
3)APPLICATION OF AL ALLOYS
4) PROPERTIES OF AL ALLOYS
5) APPLICATION OF AL ALLOYS IN
OIL AND GAS SECTOR
6) CLASSIFICATION OF AL ALLOYS The appearance of Aluminum ranges from ranging
from silvery to dull gray (depending on the surface
roughness)
PROPERTIES OF ALUMINUM
1. 3RD MOST ABUNDANT ELEMENT ON EARTH (AFTEROXYGEN AND
SILICON) WITH 8% BY WEIGHT.
2. ALUMINUM AND ITS ALLOYS ARE CHARACTERIZED BY A RELATIVELY
LOW DENSITY (2.7 G/CM3 AS COMPARE TO 7.9 G/CM3 FOR STEEL).
3. IT HAS FCC STRUCTURE.
4. HIGH ELECTRICAL & THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY.
5. ALUMINUM IS NONMAGNETIC AND NON SPARKING.
6. IT IS ALSO INSOLUBLE IN ALCOHOL & WATER.
7. RESISTANCE TO CORROSION : CORROSION RESISTANCE CAN BE
EXCELLENT DUE TO A THIN SURFACE LAYER OF ALUMINUM OXIDE
THAT FORMS WHEN THE METAL IS EXPOSED TO AIR, EFFECTIVELY
PREVENTING FURTHER OXIDATION. ( PHENOMENON OF PASSIVATION )
8. IT IS EASY TO CAST (LOW M.P.).
Surface of an aluminum bar
AS WE KNOW THE FACT, THE
APPLICATION OF PURE ALUMINUM
IS VERY RARE AS COMPARED TO
THAT OF IT’S ALLOYS.
SO THE QUESTION IS, WHY IS IT

SO???
THE ANSWER COMES HERE:-
IT IS BECAUSE OF SOME OF THE LIMITATIONS OF PURE
ALUMINIUM. LIKE:-
• THE CHIEF LIMITATION OF ALUMINUM IS ITS LOW MELTING
TEMPERATURE (660 C), WHICH RESTRICTS THE MAXIMUM
TEMPERATURE AT WHICH IT CAN BE USED.
• MOREOVER IT IS VERY SOFT, WHICH RESTRICTS THEIR
APPLICATION IN AUTOMOBILE AND AIRCRAFTS (WHERE
LIGHTWEIGHT AND STRONGER MATERIALS ARE REQUIRED).
ALLOYS OF ALUMINIUM
THE TYPICAL ALLOYING
ELEMENTS OF ALUMINIUM ARE
COPPER, MAGNESIUM,
MANGANESE AND ZINC.
ALLOYS OF AL AND ITS
COMPOSITION
PROPERTIES OF AL ALLOYS
• ALUMINUM AND ITS ALLOYS ARE CHARACTERIZED BY A
RELATIVELY LOW DENSITY (2.7 G/CM3 AS COMPARED TO 7.9
/CM3 FOR STEEL)
• HAVING ALMOST EQUAL STRENGTH AS THAT OF STEEL.
• RESISTANCE TO CORROSION IN SOME COMMON
ENVIRONMENTS, INCLUDING THE AMBIENT ATMOSPHERE.
• MANY OF THESE ALLOYS ARE EASILY FORMED BY VIRTUE OF
HIGH DUCTILITY.
• IT’S TENSILE STRENGTH CAN BE RAISED BY HEAT TREATMENT
WITHOUT AFFECTING IT’S DUCTILITY.
• HIGH ELECTRICAL AND THERMAL CONDUCTIVITIES
• THEY HAVE EXCELLENT FATIGUE AND LOW TEMPERATURE
TOUGHNESS PROPERTIES.
APPLICATION OF AL ALLOYS
• ALUMINUM ALLOYS ARE WIDELY USED FOR AERONAUTICAL
APPLICATIONS BECAUSE OF HIGH STRENGTH WEIGHT RATIO.
• FOR AUTOMOBILES FOR REDUCING WEIGHT OF THE VEHICLE
THUS REDUCING FUEL CONSUMPTION.
• FOR APPLICATIONS AS ELECTRICAL CONDUCTORS INCLUDING
OVERHEAD TRANSMISSION LINES.
• HOUSE HOLD AND CONSUMER ITEMS SUCH AS UTENSILS.
• USED AS SACRIFICIAL ANODE.
• MARINE APPLICATIONS. FOR SURFACE TRANSPORT SUCH AS
FITTINGS IN RAILWAY COACHES AND BUSES.
• ALUMINUM IS ALSO USED IN MAKING WINDOWS, DOORS AND
ROOFS OF FACTORIES.
• ALSO IN SPORTING EQUIPMENTS.
APPLICATION IN OIL & GAS
SECTOR
• UPSTREAM:
(A) MATERIAL FOR DRILL PIPE.
(B) FULL ALUMINUM OR MIXED ALUMINUM/STEEL ARE ALSO USED
IN DRILL STRINGS.
• MIDSTREAM & DOWNSTREAM:
(A) FOR STORAGE AND TRANSPORTATION OF CO2, AIR AND
OXYGEN.
CLASSIFICATION OF AL
ALUMINUM ALLOYS CAN BE CAN BE CLASSIFIED
• WROUGHT ALLOYS
• CAST ALLOYS
EACH OF THESE ALLOYS CAN BE FURTHER CLASSIFIED
(A) NON HEAT TREATABLE ALLOYS
(B) HEAT TREATABLE ALLOYS
SPECIAL FOCUS OF ALUMINIUM
ALLOY DURALUMIN
Duralumin is the trade name for
aluminum-copper alloys. They are a
part of the 2000 series as designated
by the International Alloy
Designation System (IADS).

PROPERTIES OF ALUMINIUM
ALLOY DURALUMIN:-
• IT HAS A YIELD STRENGTH OF 450 MPA.
• MAIN COMPONENTS AND THEIR COMPOSITIONS ARE AS FOLLOWS:
95% ALUMINIUM
3.5-4.5% COPPER
0.7% MAGNESIUM
0.7% MANGANESE
0.7% IRON + SILICON
• THEY ARE SOFT, DUCTILE AND WORKABLE IN THE NORMAL STATE.
• IT CAN BE ROLLED, FORGED, EXTRUDED OR DRAWN INTO A VARIETY OF SHAPES AND PRODUCTS.
• IT IS MALLEABLE AND DUCTILE (ELONGATION 8-15%).
• IT BEARS A LOAD OF 30000 LB PER SQUARE INCH WITHOUT PERMANENT DISTORTION AND BREAKS
UNDER A LOAD OF 55000-62000 LB PER SQUARE INCH.
VARIOUS USES FOR DURALUMIN IN THE 2XXX
SERIES. IT IS A WROUGHT ALLOY:
• 2011: IT IS USED TO MAKE WIRE ROD AND BAR FOR SCREW MACHINE PRODUCTS. IT HAS
GOOD MACHINABILITY AND STRENGTH
• 2014: IT IS USED IN HEAVY DUTY FORGINGS, PLATE AND EXTRUSIONS FOR AIRCRAFT
FITTINGS, WHEELS AND MAJOR STRUCTURAL COMPONENTS, SPACE BOOSTER TANKAGE
AND STRUCTURE, TRUCK FRAME AND SUSPENSION COMPONENTS. THEY NEED HIGH
STRENGTH AND HARDNESS, INCLUDING SERVICE AT HIGH TEMPERATURES
• 2017 (ALSO KNOWN AS AVIONAL): IT HAS AROUND 1.5% SILICON. IT HAS GOOD
MACHINABILITY AND IS RESISTANT TO CORROSION IN AIR. IT IS CALLED THE AU4G IN
FRANCE. IT IS USED FOR AIRCRAFT APPLICATIONS BETWEEN FRANCE AND ITALY
• 2024: IT IS USED IN AIRCRAFT STRUCTURES, RIVETS, HARDWARE, TRUCK WHEELS,
SCREW MACHINE PRODUCTS AND OTHER STRUCTURAL APPLICATIONS
• 2036: IT IS USED AS SHEETS FOR AUTO BODY PANELS
• 2048: IT IS USED AS SHEETS AND PLATES IN STRUCTURAL COMPONENTS FOR
AEROSPACE APPLICATION AND MILITARY EQUIPMENT
BIBLIOGRAPHY :-
• “CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND PROPERTIES OF ALUMINUM ALLOYS.” UNITED ALUMINUM,
WWW.UNITEDALUMINUM.COM/CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION-AND-PROPERTIES-OF-ALUMINUM-ALLOYS/.
•
• “ALUMINUM ALLOYS 101.” ALUMINUM ROD & BAR | THE ALUMINUM ASSOCIATION, 10 SEPT. 2018,
WWW.ALUMINUM.ORG/RESOURCES/INDUSTRY-STANDARDS/ALUMINUM-ALLOYS-101.
•
•
• HELMENSTINE, ANNE MARIE, AND HELMENSTINE. “ALUMINUM OR ALUMINIUM ALLOYS - LIST.” THOUGHTCO,
THOUGHTCO, WWW.THOUGHTCO.COM/ALUMINUM-OR-ALUMINIUM-ALLOYS-603707.
• BRITANNICA, THE EDITORS OF ENCYCLOPAEDIA. “DURALUMIN.” ENCYCLOPÆDIA BRITANNICA, ENCYCLOPÆDIA

BRITANNICA, INC., 2 APR. 2018, WWW.BRITANNICA.COM/TECHNOLOGY/DURALUMIN.
• “DURALUMIN.” ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT OF ANCIENT GREECE - GREEK, CENTURY, WORLD,

GOVERNMENT, ATHENS, TIME AND KING,
HTTP://GLUEDIDEAS.COM/ENCYCLOPEDIA-BRITANNICA-VOLUME-7-PART-2-DAMASCUS-EDUCATION-ANIMALS/
DURALUMIN.HTML
.
• “ALUMINUM PROPERTIES.” EAI, WWW.EXPERIMENTALAIRCRAFT.INFO/ARTICLES/AIRCRAFT-ALUMINUM.PHP.
• WEEBLY, WEEBLY , 2015,

HTTP://TEACHERENGINEER.WEEBLY.COM/UPLOADS/2/0/2/8/20282305/AERO_MATERIALS.PDF.
THANKYOU
SUBMITTED TO: DR.SARIKA SINGH
SUBMITTED BY: NIKUNJ KHANNA (1791 01020)

MADHUMITA KUMAR(179101019)
PRATEEK KULSHRESHTHA(17101021)
SUBMISSION DATE: 07/OCT/2018

Aluminium and It's Alloys

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ALUMINIUM

SO THE QUESTION IS, WHY IS IT

• BRITANNICA, THE EDITORS OF ENCYCLOPAEDIA. “DURALUMIN.” ENCYCLOPÆDIA BRITANNICA, ENCYCLOPÆDIA

• “DURALUMIN.” ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT OF ANCIENT GREECE - GREEK, CENTURY, WORLD,

• “ALUMINUM PROPERTIES.” EAI, WWW.EXPERIMENTALAIRCRAFT.INFO/ARTICLES/AIRCRAFT-ALUMINUM.PHP.

• WEEBLY, WEEBLY , 2015,

SUBMITTED BY: NIKUNJ KHANNA (1791 01020)

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