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    Tomato Production Under Protected Conditions: Dr. A.K.S Rawat

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    devashish
    This document provides information on tomato production under protected conditions. It discusses important tomato hybrids for protected cultivation, soil preparation techniques like solarization and use of vermicompost. It also outlines bed preparation, mulching, seedling selection, trellising, pruning, pollination methods, fruiting requirements, plant protection measures and nutritional deficiency management. The key aspects covered are soil solarization for disease control, use of mulching sheets for moisture conservation and weed control, and drip fertigation schedule for optimum growth and yield of tomatoes.

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    Tomato Production Under Protected Conditions: Dr. A.K.S Rawat

    Uploaded by

    devashish
    104 views30 pages
    This document provides information on tomato production under protected conditions. It discusses important tomato hybrids for protected cultivation, soil preparation techniques like solarization and use of vermicompost. It also outlines bed preparation, mulching, seedling selection, trellising, pruning, pollination methods, fruiting requirements, plant protection measures and nutritional deficiency management. The key aspects covered are soil solarization for disease control, use of mulching sheets for moisture conservation and weed control, and drip fertigation schedule for optimum growth and yield of tomatoes.

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    Tomato

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    This document provides information on tomato production under protected conditions. It discusses important tomato hybrids for protected cultivation, soil preparation techniques like solarization and use of vermicompost. It also outlines bed preparation, mulching, seedling selection, trellising, pruning, pollination methods, fruiting requirements, plant protection measures and nutritional deficiency management. The key aspects covered are soil solarization for disease control, use of mulching sheets for moisture conservation and weed control, and drip fertigation schedule for optimum growth and yield of tomatoes.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    104 views30 pages

    Tomato Production Under Protected Conditions: Dr. A.K.S Rawat

    Uploaded by

    devashish
    This document provides information on tomato production under protected conditions. It discusses important tomato hybrids for protected cultivation, soil preparation techniques like solarization and use of vermicompost. It also outlines bed preparation, mulching, seedling selection, trellising, pruning, pollination methods, fruiting requirements, plant protection measures and nutritional deficiency management. The key aspects covered are soil solarization for disease control, use of mulching sheets for moisture conservation and weed control, and drip fertigation schedule for optimum growth and yield of tomatoes.

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    Tomato Production under

    Protected conditions

    Dr. A.K.S RAWAT


    Important Hybrids .
    Name of hybrid Segments Companies
    (Indeterminate)
    Heemsona, Heem Regular Syngenta
    Shikar

    TR-4190 Regular (fruiting in Namdhari Seeds


    cluster )

    Lupin Regular Yuksel

    Olleh Red Cherry Seminis

    Moscatle Red Cherry Rijk Zwaan


    Soil solarization
    Advantages
    Water bubbles are
    visible on lower  Controls multiple soil-borne diseases
     Weed control
    surface of the mulch
    sheet

     After soil preparation and application of vermi-compost cover the


    soil with white polythene sheet 20-30 micron for 4 to5 weeks.
     Watering with drip irrigation 10 to 15 minutes at alternate days.
     Soil solarized in greenhouses may reach 60°C at a depth of 10 cm
    and 53°C at 20 cm.
    Soil & its preparation:-

     Sandy Loam soil with good water holding capacity &


    should be well drained.

     Deep ploughing with chiseler and rotavator 1-2 times.

     Application of vermicompost @ 4 kg/ m2


    C.E.V. Indo israel project.
    Bed Preparation

    2 Meters

    0.45 meters

     Bed to bed distance : 2 m


     Top of the bed : 0.45 m
     Base of the bed : 0.80 m
    Mulching

     Silver color should be upper side and black lower side.


     Thickness of the plastic mulch sheet should be 20 to 30
    micron.
     Diameter of hole 8-12 cm and row to row 30 cm and plant to
    plant 40 cm.
    Advantages:
     To control weeds
     To conserve the moisture
     To maintain the optimum temperature around the root zone
    during winter season.
     To save the water through evaporation from soil the surface.
     To save fruits direct touch from soil and microbes.
    40 cm

    30 cm
    Seedling Suitable for transplanting

     30 days old seedlings


     8-10 cm long
     5-6 leaves seedlings
     Time of planting Aug. Sept.
    Fertigation schedule
    Crop stage N-P-K Dose (gm)/day/400 m2
    Planting- Flowering 19-19-19 200
    Flowering – Ist fruit set 19-19-19 85
    46-00-00 140
    00-00-50 220
    Fruit set – picking 19-19-19 85
    46-00-00 200
    00-00-50 220
    Topping – crop finish 19-19-19 45
    46-00-00 100
    00-00-50 110

    Note: Fertigation twice a week


     Calcium nitrate + Magnesium sulphate 50 gm each twice at month
    Application of micro nutrient (multiplex ) 3ml/ltr water twice a month
    C.E.V. Indo israel project.
    Why trellising ?

     Gives optimal space for each and every


    plant
     Allow light to penetrate every part of the
    plant (vertical space utilization)
     Better fruit quality
     More efficient work
    Suckers Pruning

    Suckers
    pruned

    After pruning spray of any fungicide


    Pruning in Cherry tomato

    Select Pruning of Old leaf


    only 2 and suckers
    Stems
    Topping
    To remove the apical dominance

    Topping

     To check the vegetative growth of the plant


     improve the fruiting
     Time of topping is first week of May (when the temperature
    increases more than 40 C
    Pollination

    Artificial pollination is must in Green house


    by using different means

    Electric bees
     Use hormones
    Honey bees
    Air guns
    Improve fruit set by artificial methods of pollination

    Treatment % improvement

    Electric bee / vibrating pollinator 89

    Air guns 83

    Hormones 77

    Control 70

    Influence of climatic conditions on pollen


    Time 8.00 AM 10.00 AM 12.00 Noon
    Air temp. 10 c 16 c 19 c
    R.H. 95 % 81 % 70 %
    No. of pollens on 225 375 450
    stigma
    Fruiting
    `
    Temp. requirement for different stage:

    Growing Stage Min. temp. (c) Optimum ( C) Max. ( c)

    Germination 11 16—29 34

    Growth 18 21-24 32

    Fruit set at Night 10 14-17 22

    Fruit set in Day 18 23-26 32

    Pigmentation - lycopene 10 20-24 30

    Production of yellow pigment 10 21-23 40

    Chilling injury 6

    Frost injury -1 ( for some hrs)

    Storage of fruit 10-12


    Old leaf pruning

    Old
    leaf
    After pruning spray of any fungicide pruned
    Plant protection

    Damping off

    Description Season Control


    Damage young seedling at root –stem All season Less RH and drenching
    junction. It is Fungal Disease byCaptan@2 gms. /lt of
    water
    C.E.V. Indo israel project.
    Early Blight

    Redomil gold @ 1 gm/Lit of water


    Diathane M-45 @ 2 gm/lit of water
    Late blight

    Diathane M-45 @ 2 gm/lit of water

    Redomil gold @ 1 gm/Lit of water


    Powdery mildew

    Early stage Advance


    stage

    Control: Spray of Karthane ( Dinocap) @1 to 2 ml


    per liter of water at the interval of 10 days
    C.E.V. Indo israel project.
    Tomato viral disease

     Control white fly, Thrips,


    aphids and jassids
    (sucking pest)
     Remove and burn the
    affected plants
    White fly

    This is sucking type of pest


    Leaf curling
    Transmition of virus
    Main season: Rainy season

    Control
    Spray Acetamipride@ 1 gm/liter of water
    Red Mite
    Control :

     Oberon @ 0.5 to 1 ml/liter of water


     Omite @ 1 ml/liter of water twice a week
    Caterpillar

    Control:
     Larvin 1 to 2 gm per liter of water
     Corogen 20ml/100 liter of water
    Nutritional deficiency

    Calcium Deficiency
    Boron Deficiency
    THANK
    YOU

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