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    Dental Amalgam: by Tooba Nadeem 029 and Shanzay Wazir 028

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    Tooba Nadeem
    This document discusses dental amalgam, including its definition as a liquid mercury and metal alloy mixture. It describes amalgam's composition of silver, tin, copper and zinc, and its classification by composition as low or high copper and by shape. The document outlines amalgam's setting reaction, properties, advantages like durability and disadvantages like toxicity. It also covers manipulative variables in amalgam placement like proportioning, trituration, condensation, carving and polishing.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Dental Amalgam: by Tooba Nadeem 029 and Shanzay Wazir 028

    Uploaded by

    Tooba Nadeem
    25 views22 pages
    This document discusses dental amalgam, including its definition as a liquid mercury and metal alloy mixture. It describes amalgam's composition of silver, tin, copper and zinc, and its classification by composition as low or high copper and by shape. The document outlines amalgam's setting reaction, properties, advantages like durability and disadvantages like toxicity. It also covers manipulative variables in amalgam placement like proportioning, trituration, condensation, carving and polishing.

    Original Title

    AMALGAM

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    This document discusses dental amalgam, including its definition as a liquid mercury and metal alloy mixture. It describes amalgam's composition of silver, tin, copper and zinc, and its classification by composition as low or high copper and by shape. The document outlines amalgam's setting reaction, properties, advantages like durability and disadvantages like toxicity. It also covers manipulative variables in amalgam placement like proportioning, trituration, condensation, carving and polishing.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    25 views22 pages

    Dental Amalgam: by Tooba Nadeem 029 and Shanzay Wazir 028

    Uploaded by

    Tooba Nadeem
    This document discusses dental amalgam, including its definition as a liquid mercury and metal alloy mixture. It describes amalgam's composition of silver, tin, copper and zinc, and its classification by composition as low or high copper and by shape. The document outlines amalgam's setting reaction, properties, advantages like durability and disadvantages like toxicity. It also covers manipulative variables in amalgam placement like proportioning, trituration, condensation, carving and polishing.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 22

    DENTAL AMALGAM

    By Tooba Nadeem 029 


    And
    Shanzay Wazir 028
    1.Definition of dental amalgam
    2.Composition of amalgam
    3.Classification of amalgam
    4.Setting reaction
    5.Advantages
    6.Disadvantages
    7.Properties 
    8.Manipulative variables 
    definition

    " A liquid mercury and metal alloy mixture" 


    composition
    • Silver
    • Tin 
    • Copper (highest percentage in new)
    • Zinc 
    • Mercury 

    These are added accordingly to improve handling


    characteristics and clinical performance 
    (Composition vary in conventional and new)
    Classification 
    • According to composition 
    Low copper (4%)
    Hight copper (13%)
    • According to shape
    Spherical 
    Lathe cut
    admixed
    Setting reaction
    LOW COPPER ALLOY  HIGH COPPER ALLOY

    Consists of y1 (silver-mercury) Consists of Copper tin phase and


    phase and y2 (tin-mercury) phase Silver mercury phase

    Ag3Sn + Hg -------- Ag3Sn + Ag2Hg3 + Sn8Hg Ag3Sn + Cu + Ag------ Ag3Sn +


                        (unreacted)       (matrix)
    Ag3Hg3 +Cu6Sn5

    Gamma 2 phase present which Gamma 2 phase is eliminated


    weakens the alloy which strengthens the alloy
    • Durable  • Destruction of sound tooth
    • Least technique sensitive structure
    • Long term performance  • Poor aesthetics 
    • Ditching due to creep and
    • One appointment placement 
    corrosion
    • Corrosion products seal tooth • Galvanic shock
    restorative interface
    • Allergic potential
    • Economical 
    • Mercury toxicity
    • Often can be repaired
    • Marginal breakdown
    Properties
    Dimensional changes
    Contraction ( due to alloy dissolution)  --------- microleakage 
    Expansion     ( due to crystal formation) --------- pressure on
    pulp
    Microleakage
    Poor condensation tech
    Lack or corrosion products
    Difference in coefficient of expansion 
    Creep
    Stresses
    Gamma 2 phase
    Click to add text

    Strength

    withstand high pressure


    after 1hr trituration – 40 to 60% strength
    by 24hrs – 90% of compressive strength
    spherical and cu rich alloys have more strength
    • Can affect the structure and
    CORROSION mechanical properties of
    amalgam.
    • Different phases of amalgam
    form the anode and cathode
    • Saliva acts as electrolyte
    • Gamma 2 phase forms anode
    and breaks down to give tin
    containing corrosion
    products & mercury which
    can react with unreacted
    alloy (gamma phase)
    • Minimized by polishing
    surface of restoration or by
    use of copper enriched
    amalgam
    THERMAL PROPERTIES
    High value of thermal diffusivity

    Coefficient of thermal expansion x3


    that of dentin MICROLEAKAGE
    BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES
    • Good ventilation

    • Excess and waste should be stored in a sealed container

    • Do not touch mercy or freshly mixed amalgam

    • Keep mercury away from heat source


    MANIPULATIVE VARIABLES
    • Proportioning and dispensing
    • Trituration
    • Condensation
    • Carving
    • Polishing
    Proportioning & Dispensing

    Ratios vary between 5:8 and 10:8

    VOLUME DISPENSER WEIGHING SCALE AMALGAM CAPSULE AMALGAMATOR


    TRITURATION
    Signs of a good mix:
    a shiny homogenous
    mass that adheres
    together

    HAND MIXING
    MORTOR AND PESTLE MECHANICAL MIXING
    AMALGAMATOR
    NOTE: High condensation

    CONDENSATION
    pressure required for lathe-cut
    alloys and low for spherical
    alloys.

    Amalgam Condenser Amalgam Condensation Ultrasonic Amalgam Condenser


    CARVING
    Objective is to
    remove mercury
    rich layer and to
    rebuild the tooth
    anatomy.
    POLISHING Polishing is performed to obtain
    a smooth, shiny luster on the surface
    of the amalgam

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