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Introduction About Image Transforms

Image transforms are mathematical tools that convert an image from the spatial domain to another domain such as the frequency domain. This enables features to be identified more easily and represents the image more compactly using fewer samples. Common image transforms include the discrete cosine transform, discrete Fourier transform, and wavelet transform, which are used for applications like image compression, filtering, and feature extraction. Image transforms preserve image information but change the representation, and can be reversed to reconstruct the original image.

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narasimhan kumaravelu
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52 views

Introduction About Image Transforms

Image transforms are mathematical tools that convert an image from the spatial domain to another domain such as the frequency domain. This enables features to be identified more easily and represents the image more compactly using fewer samples. Common image transforms include the discrete cosine transform, discrete Fourier transform, and wavelet transform, which are used for applications like image compression, filtering, and feature extraction. Image transforms preserve image information but change the representation, and can be reversed to reconstruct the original image.

Uploaded by

narasimhan kumaravelu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Image transforms

What is image transform?

Image
transform Another
Image (M X N) Image
(M X N)

Coefficients
matrix
2
Introduction-
image transform
• Mathematical tool which Can be applied to an image to convert it

from one domain to another

• Viewing an image in domains such as frequency enables the

identification of features that may not be as easily detected in the

spatial domain

• Efficient representation such as ability to capture significant

information in an smaller description

3
Introduction-
image transform
• Require less amount samples to reproduce the
image
• Used in filtering , image compression, feature
extraction and frequency analysis
• Isolate the critical components of an image, which is
more comfortable for image analysis
• Image transforms may keep the image in compact
form, so that it can be stored and transmitted easily
4
Introduction-
image transform
• Fast computation especially in 2D convolution and
correlation
• Transforms modify the representation signal by
projecting it as a set of basis functions
• Do not change information content of an image, but
it changes the representation only
• Image transform is a reversible operation, so we can
get back the initial stage
5
Classification of Image
Transforms

Discrete wavelet
transform 6
Why image transforms?
• Discrete Cosine Transform, used in image and video
compression
• Discrete Fourier Transform, used in filtering and
frequency analysis
• Wavelet Transform, used to perform discrete
wavelet analysis, denoise, and fuse images
• Haar and Hadamard transform is also used in data
encryption, as well as many signal processing and
data compression algorithms 7
Why image transforms?

• Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) attractive


algebraic transform for image processing applications 
• Hough Transform, used to find lines in an image

• Radon Transform, used to reconstruct images from fan-


beam and parallel-beam projection data

8
Fourier transform
behave as prism

9
Why DFT?

• Used to determine the loudness of musical note through


analyzing frequency spectrum
• Used to identify the signal is periodic or not
• Used design the filters for removing image noise
• Used in image sampling to replace the complex
convolution operation
• Analyze the image features in frequency domain to
recognize it
10
Energy Compaction
• Ability to pack the details into fewer coefficients
as possible
• This allow the quantizer to discard the
coefficients with relatively smaller in amplitude
without any distortion in the reproduction of
image
• DCT and DWT has excellent energy compaction
• DCT and DWT are used in compression
standards as JPEG and JPEG 2000 respectively

11
References

1. Digital Image Processing by Rafael C


Gonzalez

2. Digital Image Processing by S Sridhar

3. Digital Image Processing by S Jayaraman

08/24/22
12
THANK YOU

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